IMPACT OF COAL MINING IN FOREST AREA TO CARBON EMISSION IN KUTAI KARTANEGARA, EAST KALIMANTAN

Coal mining is an activity that contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, both from methane gas release of coal trap and the loss of lan cover plants. This study was conducted to estimate carbon emissions in coal mining areas inside forest areas by analyzing changes in landcover. The area of this study is Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan, where coal mining activities are quite massive. To obtain the extent of changes in land cover and the amount of carbon emissions in the area, analysis of Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM+ imagery in 2010 and also the 2016 Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS imagery was used. The results showed that in the area of study there was a change in landcover of 12,663.28 Ha in the forest areas used for coal mining activities. Carbon emissions generated from this activity amounted to 0.60 Mton CO2-E

Peningkatan Keterampilan dan Motivasi Usaha Melalui Kegiatan Magang

Kegiatan magang untuk pengembangan budaya kewirausahaan di kalangan mahasiswa telah dilakukan di dua mitra UKM yaitu CV. Siti Ara dengan sayap usahanya Herba Medika Center dan UKM SUMBER MINA LESTARI. Tujuan dari kegiatan Magang Kewirausahaan ini adalah: (1) Meningkatkan keterampilan dan pengalaman mahasiswa dalam mengelola unit usaha sesuai prinsip manajemen modern, (2) Meningkatkan pemahaman tentang kewirausahaan untuk memotivasi jiwa kewirausahaan di kalangan mahasiswa (3) Melatih keterampilan mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan produk bahan alam dan (4) Melatih keterampilan dalam berkomunikasi, menjalin relasi, merancang strategi untuk mengembangkan pemasaran UKM mitra melalui pembuatan website. Sebelum pelaksanaan kegiatan telah dilakukan berbagai survei dan studi awal untuk mengetahui potensi dan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan magang meliputi: (1) Pembekalan, (2) Penempatan, (3) Kegiatan magang, (4) Pemantauan dan (5) Evaluasi. Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan terlihat bahwa beberapa masalah yang dihadapi oleh industri yaitu; adalah kurang promosi, kurang pengunjung gerai, jumlah tenaga kerja yang terbatas, teknologi untuk ketepatan pengukuran (di CV. Siti Ara), permintaan pasar yang musiman, penyusutan debit air di musim kemarau, penyakit berupa aeromas, pemasaran dan tingkat kematian ikan yang tinggi (di Sumber Mina Lestari). Selanjutnya dilakukan suatu analisis untuk merumuskan strategi penyelesaian masalah. Setidaknya ada tiga hal penting yang perlu ditindaklanjuti oleh UKM mitra yaitu (1) mengembangkan promosi dengan berbagai cara, (2) Mengembangkan dan menjaga kualitas produk dengan cara menjaga sanitasi, (3) mengembangkan teknologi. Untuk mendukung kegiatan ini maka salah satu out put dari kegiatan adalah penyusunan website yang selanjutnya diserahkan kepada UKM mitra. Dengan website ini akan menjadi sarana promosi produk maupun jasa bagi UKM mitra sehingga lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan nilai kepuasan mahasiswa, nilai out put kegiatan, dampak terhadap motivasi dan jiwa kewirausahaan maupun dampak terhadap kepuasan mitra cukup baik. Ada kecenderungan bahwa tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa yang magang di mitra CV. Siti Ara lebih baik dibandingkan dengan di UKM Sumber Mina Lestari. Di sisi lain pihak UKM Sumber Mina Lestari sendiri juga menyatakan belum merasakan dampak yang nyata terhadap magang dengan alasan harapan agar kegiatan magang ini dilanjutkan dengan usaha pembudidayaan ikan, sehingga peserta magang dapat membeli benih dari UKM. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kegiatan magang di UKM Sumber Mina Lestari masih perlu ditingkatkan dan diperbaiki. Dampak kegiatan terhadap tingkat motivasi dan jiwa kewirausahaan di kalangan mahasiswa menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan peningkatan nilai rata-rata PEC-Test sebesar 0,6 poin. Peningkatan karakter yang cukup nyata dari adanya kegiatan adalah pencarian kesempatan (0,34 poin), ketekunan (0,21) dan komitmen pada kontrak kerja (0,12). Peningkatan ini menunjukkan bahwa ada dampak kegiatan magang terhadap sikap dan jiwa kewirausahaan terutama pada tiga sikap tersebut. Beberapa manfaat kegiatan yang dapat dirasakan oleh mahasiswa adalah: mahasiswa mengetahui proses kegiatan usaha secara langsung di lapangan, memahami kendala yang dihadapi oleh UKM mitra, mendapatkan pengalaman dalam berinteraksi dengan pengusaha, karyawan dan konsumen, serta peningkatan motivasi untuk melakukan usaha secara mandiri. Ini menunjukkan bahwa proses magang mampu meningkatkan keterampilan dan pengalaman ma

Komposisi serangga pengunjung bunga apel dan tetumbuhan liar di sekitarnya yang berpotensi meningkatkan produktivitas kebun apel.

Produksi apel di Malang'Raya mengalami penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas yang cukup signifikan. Usulan penelitian ini direncanakan berlangsung dua tahun. 'Pada tahun pertama tujuan dari penefitian ini membandingkan efisiensi penggunaan perangkap bejana berwana kuning dan biru, menganalisis perbedaan kelimpahan, keanekaragaman. komposisi serangga kanopi di dua lokasi yaitu di Kec. Poncokusumo, Kab, Malang dan Ke, Bumiaji, Kota Batu, mendeskripsikan jenis serangga yang mengunjungi pohon apel pada musim bunga dan non bunga dan mendeskripsikan hubungan Want komposisi serangga kanopi serta faktor lingkungan terhadap produksi kuallitas apel. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Desa Bumiaji, Kota Batu dan Desa PonefOk-usumo, Kee, PonOlcuturno, Kabupaten Malang- Pencuplikan serangga kanopi dilakukan dengan metode perangkap .bejUna air. Masing-masing pencuplikan dilakukan empat kali setiap musim. Pengamatan pola kunjungan ,serangga polinator pada bunga apel dilakukan secara visual. Pengamatan visual ,di1akukan sebanyak empat periode setiap had' (dua kalif pagi hari, slang hari dan sore hari) dart dilakukan ulangan sebanyak empat hari pengamatan yang tidak berurutan. Sampel serangga diidentifikasi sampai tingkat famin atau genus jika memungkinkan 'dan dligrolongan, berdasar status fungsional. Kelimpahan dan keicayaan terseint dibandingkan antar lokasi, mush?' dan warn perangkap dengan -metode model linieT umum (general lihear .rhodeiY analisis variansi (analysis of variance) Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman serangga pengunjung pohon apel yang ditemukan di p-erangkap warria kuning iabih tinggi dibandingkan pada perangkap warna birm. Hal ini konsisten antara Kec. Poncokusumo clan Keic Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Di Kee. Poncokusumo seran,gga yang ten* ik dengan *ma *mitt tuning (4.39 ind dad 712), iDi Kec. Bumiaji serangga yang tercuplik dengan bejana warna tuning (287 ind dari 466). Terdew Nla variasi kunjungui yang berbe,da pada ritpat periode waktu pengarnatan. Kecenderungan yang ada agak berbeda &nun yang diamati di Kec. PoneokusumO dan di Kee. Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Di Poncokusumo tren puma& Icelimpaban dan divetsitas diamatf path pukui 09.00-10.15; sedangkan di Kec. Bumiaji -pengamatan pada pagi hari jam 07.00-08.15 eenderung lebih tinggi. Kelimpahan clan keanekaragaman serangga pengunjung apel yang diamati N-da pagi hari cenderung lebth tinggi dibandingkanpada siang drn•ore hari. Kornposisi serangga polinator pada pengamatan visual jaith lebih tinggi. dibandingkati .cferqgan pencuplikan menggunakan perangkap

Prediction Spatial Model of Domestic Liquid Waste Distribution in Sawojajar Village, Malang City of Indonesia

The distribution of domestic liquid waste is difficult to identify and mark because it is spread. However, it is very necessary to obtain a picture of the spread of pollution and take further management steps. This research is carried out to predict spatially the level of pollution of domestic wastewater that will be used to prevent further pollution. The research was conducted in the Sawojajar Village District of Malang. The results based on the population approach show that population growth greatly influences the distribution of domestic wastewater. The relatively small population growth shows a different distribution pattern which the increasing number of populations will affect the distribution of domestic liquid waste

The Refugia Attract Arthropods in a Paddy Field in Malang, East Java, Indonesia

A study on the effect of refugia areas to attract on Arthropods has been done in a semi-organic paddy field in Malang, from March to June 2017. The arthropod was measured by abundance, diversity and composition variables. Arthropod observations were performed on 6 plots of 1 m2 each, consisting of 3 plots on the side near the Refugia area (treatment) and 3 plots on the opposite side (control). The refugia areas consisted of plants as follows chili (Capsicum frutescens), the wild cosmos (Cosmos caudatus), the long beans (Vigna unguiculata), and Marigold (Tagetes erecta). The visual encounter surveys method was conducted for 15 minutes on each plot. There were 2249 individuals of Arthropod observed visually in the study sites. This study showed that of the abundance (mean ± SE) of Arthropod visitors was lower in plots adjacent to refugia areas (treatment) (33.7± 2.63), than that far from Refugia area (control) (38.33 ± 2.54); while the taxa richness and diversity was higher found in treatment plots. The species richness in the treatment plots (12.2 ± 0.70) was higher than that in control (9.70 ± 0.51). The diversity of Arthropod visitors in the treatment plots (2.10 ± 0.07) was also higher than that in control (1.71 ± 0.07). Proportion of predator in the treatment plots was almost twice higher (33.14) that in the control plots (17.65); while that of herbivore was vice versa. This meant the refugia areas have attracted more predators. The composition of Arthropod visitors was remarkable affected by treatment. The abundance of common predator families such as Coccinellidae, Coenagrionidae and Oxyopidae were higher in treatment plots

Hubungan Lingkungan Tanah Dengan Virulensi Jamur Entomopatogen Pada Tanaman Padi

High ecosystem diversity can control pest populations. Rice is a staple food that continues to be researched for interesting things. Indonesia is ranked 3rd for production at the international level. The research was conducted through a survey of plants and paddy fields with conventional application in Kasembon Malang. Standard chemical fertilizer and pesticide application were used in this field. A total of 5 diagonally determined soil sample points were used in this study. The dilution method was carried out for the analysis of entomopathogenic fungi which were then tested using the Koch’s Postulate method on Tenebrio molitor, then observed the symptoms and mortality of Spodoptera litura during the pathogenicity test. The diversity value also demonstrated a medium diversity. We conclude that an application of pesticides and chemical fertilizer according to recommended practices, are not negatively affect the diversity of entomopathogenic fungi. Aspergillus sp and Penicilium sp can cause death against Spodoptera litura

BIOCLIMATIC ADAPTATION OF TYPICAL HOUSES IN KAMPONG’S SURABAYA

Architecture of an ancient house in Kampong’s Surabaya is one of the folk architecture creations in urban areas that grow and follow dynamics of urban development. In some of the city areas, this architecture is still sustainable for living space of city residents, especially for lower and middle class. Kampong as city villages has a high adaptability to development within the city so that it can adjust to future conditions efficiently. Cultures living in kampong require an appropriate strategy in associating with various limitations. However, limitation does not make a typical house in kampong uncomfortable and unlivable. Bioclimatic adaptation can be one of the strategies in development of typical ancient houses in kampong. It seems that typical ancient house in Surabaya City is influenced by tradition and style of Javanese, Colonial and Modern Architecture. Bioclimatic strategy is a design approach that considers the relationship of architecture to climate, biology, technology, in order to obtain comfort and energy efficiency. The form and performance of ancient house architecture in Surabaya City with a bioclimatic approach with occupant spatial interaction is an interesting topic for this study. This study is a descriptive research that using field studies. A method of description to explain the interaction between the building and its occupant that creates architecture of residential houses and its transformation.Bioclimatic adaptation as a design strategy allows a unique form architecture, climate responsive and environmentally friendly. Facade engineering and building envelopes, eco-friendly building materials, vegetation and water elements, saving energy with smart technologies

THE EFFECT OF CONVECTIVE FIXED BED DRYING BASED ON A SOLAR COLLECTOR AND PHOTOVOLTAIC (CSD) TO THE QUALITY ATRIBUTES OF RED PEPPER COMPARED WITH CONVENTIONAL CONVECTIVE FIXED BED DRYING (CCD)

The effect of conventional convective drying (CCD) and convective solar drying (CSD) based on a solar collector and photovoltaic on the quality of dried red pepper was researched. The study was aimed to determine the effect of five drying system (CCD 50°C, CCD 60°C, CCD 70°C, CSD, and open sun drying) on the quality attributes of dried red pepper. The quality observed were rehydration ratio, ascorbic acid, capsaicin, non-enzymatic browning index, anthocyanin, and carotenoids. The results of the study confirmed that the drying system significantly affected the quality attributes of dried red pepper except for anthocyanin.  The CSD had a satisfactory result, shown by some attributes  (carotenoids, ascorbic acid, and ratio) which were not statistically different from the quality of dried red pepper gained from CCD 50°C

Soil Arthropods Diversity in Manggis Natural Reserve and Coffee Agroforestry System Kediri Regency, Indonesia

Soil arthropods have role as herbivores, decomposers, predators and bioindicators of the various functions on ecosystems. Soil arthropods have an important role in increasing and maintaining soil productivity through the decomposition process of organic matter. The research was conducted to investigate abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in Manggis Natural Reserve and Coffee Agroforestry System. Hand-shorting methods and pitfall traps were used to catch soil arthropods. The abundance of soil arthropods were analyzed into diversity index. The result showed that the Natural Reserve has higher family number of soil arthropod and diversity index than the Agroforestry System. Individual of Hymenoptera order is very abundant in both locatio