28 research outputs found

    Identification of Novel Genetic Markers Associated with Clinical Phenotypes of Systemic Sclerosis through a Genome-Wide Association Strategy

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    Contains fulltext : 97006.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)The aim of this study was to determine, through a genome-wide association study (GWAS), the genetic components contributing to different clinical sub-phenotypes of systemic sclerosis (SSc). We considered limited (lcSSc) and diffuse (dcSSc) cutaneous involvement, and the relationships with presence of the SSc-specific auto-antibodies, anti-centromere (ACA), and anti-topoisomerase I (ATA). Four GWAS cohorts, comprising 2,296 SSc patients and 5,171 healthy controls, were meta-analyzed looking for associations in the selected subgroups. Eighteen polymorphisms were further tested in nine independent cohorts comprising an additional 3,175 SSc patients and 4,971 controls. Conditional analysis for associated SNPs in the HLA region was performed to explore their independent association in antibody subgroups. Overall analysis showed that non-HLA polymorphism rs11642873 in IRF8 gene to be associated at GWAS level with lcSSc (P = 2.32x10(-12), OR = 0.75). Also, rs12540874 in GRB10 gene (P = 1.27 x 10(-6), OR = 1.15) and rs11047102 in SOX5 gene (P = 1.39x10(-7), OR = 1.36) showed a suggestive association with lcSSc and ACA subgroups respectively. In the HLA region, we observed highly associated allelic combinations in the HLA-DQB1 locus with ACA (P = 1.79x10(-61), OR = 2.48), in the HLA-DPA1/B1 loci with ATA (P = 4.57x10(-76), OR = 8.84), and in NOTCH4 with ACA P = 8.84x10(-21), OR = 0.55) and ATA (P = 1.14x10(-8), OR = 0.54). We have identified three new non-HLA genes (IRF8, GRB10, and SOX5) associated with SSc clinical and auto-antibody subgroups. Within the HLA region, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DPA1/B1, and NOTCH4 associations with SSc are likely confined to specific auto-antibodies. These data emphasize the differential genetic components of subphenotypes of SSc

    Design Trades and Inter-firm Relationships in the Nord-Pas de Calais Textile Industry

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    In the French Nord-Pas de Calais region, textile design is an ancient trade rooted in tradition. Today this region offers the highest number of textile jobs in France, surpassing the Rhône-Alpes and Paris regions. This paper treats textile design as a particular case exemplifying recent changes in the textile industry. The production process is subject to major changes, and design has become more specialized and professional. In order to compete in the international market, companies are developing new strategies involving design and technical innovation. This study focuses on the status and the roles that textile designers, stylists and textile draughtsmen/women play in corporate strategies. It examines the transformation of internal power relations between manufacturers and distributors in the textile value chain. The shift in the balance of power from the manufacturers to the distributors shows that a new hierarchical model of subordination/domination is emerging in inter-firm relations. Dans la région française du Nord-Pas de Calais, le design textile s'enracine profondément dans la tradition. De nos jours cette région offre le plus grand nombre d'emplois de l'industrie textile française, surpassant la région Rhône-Alpes et la région parisienne. Notre problématique considère que le design textile permet de saisir certaines des mutations contemporaines de l'industrie textile. Le processus de production connaît de profonds changements, celui de la création s'est spécialisé et professionnalisé. Pour faire face à la concurrence internationale, les entreprises ont développé de nouvelles stratégies, intégrant l'innovation technique et la création. Cet article présente les mutations de l'industrie textile en examinant plus particulièrement la place qu'occupent les professionnels de la création (designers textiles, stylistes, dessinateurs textiles, etc.) dans les stratégies des entreprises. Il examine la transformation des relations de pouvoir entre fabricants et distributeurs dans la filière textile. Le déplacement de la répartition des pouvoirs des fabricants aux distributeurs montre qu'un nouveau modèle hiérarchique de subordination/domination s'est mis en place. In der französischen Gegion Nord-Pas de Calais ist Textilentwurf ein altes, in Tradition verwurzeltes Gewerbe. Heutzutage ist sie führend in der Zahl der Erwerbsstellen in der Textilindustrie, und übertrifft somit das Rhone-Alpengebiet und Paris. Dieser Aufsatz behandelt Textilentwurf als einen Sonderfall, der neue Entwicklungen in der Textilindustrie veranschaulicht. Das Produktionsverfahren ist beträchtlichen Umstellungen unterworfen, und das Entwurfswesen ist spezialisierter und fachmännischer geworden. Um auf dem internationalen Markt wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben, werden von Firmen neue Strategien entwickelt, einschließlich Entwurfs-und technischer Integration. Diese Studie beschäftigt sich vorallem mit dem Status und der Rolle, die Fachleute des Textilentwurfs, Stilisten und Textilzeichner/innen in Firmenstrategien spielen. Es werden Veränderungen interner Machtbeziehungen zwischen Produktion und Vertrieb in der Textilwertkette untersucht. Die Verschiebung im Gleichgewicht der Macht von den Herstellern zu den Verkäufern zeigt, daß sich in den Beziehungen zwischen Firmen der Aufstieg eines neuen hierarchischen Modells der Unterordnung/Beherrschung anbahnt.Textile Design, Design Trades, Textile Value Chain, Distributors, Product Design, Nord-PAS De Calais Region,

    BACTERIEMIES CHEZ LES PATIENTS INFECTES PAR LE VIRUS DE L'IMMUNODEFICIENCE HUMAINE SOUS TRAITEMENT ANTIRETROVIRAL COMPRENANT UN INHIBITEUR DE PROTEASE

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    PARIS6-Bibl. St Antoine CHU (751122104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
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