Terapia comunitária como estratégia de promoção à saúde na UBS Pacheco em Ponte Nova, Minas Gerais

Introdução: O parco empoderamento da população usuária da UBS Pacheco, em Ponte Nova - MG, prejudica a co-responsabilização no cuidado em saúde, sobrecarregando os profissionais de saúde da unidade. A estratégia de cuidado e vínculo solidário denominada Terapia Comunitária (TC) contribui para ampliação do conceito de saúde e recuperação de sofrimento emocional, físico, social e mental. Justificativa:A justificativa para o trabalho surgiu da observação de uma dependência no "pensar" em saúde ainda centrada na figura do médico pela comunidadee pela cultura enraizada no modelo de atenção as condições agudas, sendo carente o uso de estratégias alternativas de promoção e proteção a saúde. Objetivo geral:O objetivo desse estudo é a implementação da TC como estratégia de promoção a saúde na localidade. Metodologia: A TC se estabelece em rodas, subdivididas em seis etapas, mediadas por terapeutas em processo de formação teórico-metodológico. Assim, os profissionais de saúde da UBS Pacheco e do NASF desempenharam os papéis de terapeutas em potencial, realizando revisão bibliográfica sistemática e, no mínimo, 10 rodas de terapia. Todas as rodas foram registradas e os discursos analisados qualitativamente quanto ao desenvolvimento de capacidades de resiliência e fortalecimentos de vínculos. Plano de intervenção: A proposta de intervenção visa atuar nos seguintes nós-críticos para enfrentamento do problema: 1) ferramentas de promoção à saúde insuficientes, 2) ausência de educação popular em saúde de forma sistêmica, 3) vínculos emocionais nocivos. Considerações finais: A TC demonstrou-se como um recurso promotor da saúde com inclusão social e prevencão do sofrimento psíquico viabilizada pela equipe de saúde da família, contribuindo para mudanças ocorridas no cotidiano dos colaboradores e voltadas para uma maior compreensão de si e do outro e para a capacidade de resiliência, bem como no fortalecimento dos vínulos sociai

Faillure in the effect of the analogue (hCG) of luteinizing hormone on the luteal angiogenesis in rats (Rattus novergicus)

A compreensão dos mecanismos de controle da atividade ovariana é necessária para o sucesso das biotecnologias da reprodução. Embora existam inúmeros trabalhos a respeito da aplicação do hormônio luteinizante (LH) na função ovariana, pouco se sabe sobre a sua influência na morfologia e formação da vasculatura do corpo lúteo (CL). Diante disto, o presente projeto teve como objetivo a quantificação da densidade vascular dos CLs de animais tratados com Gonadotrofina Corionica Humana (hCG) após a ovulação. Para tanto, foram utilizados ratas wistar, cujos CLs foram divididos em dois grupos: (A) tratado com hCG na manhã seguinte a cópula e (B) controle (solução fisiológica a 0,9 % de NaCl). Foram confeccionadas lâminas dos ovários dos animais para a quantificação da densidade vascular. Os resultados obtidos não revelaram diferenças significantes entre a densidade vascular dos grupos tratado e controle.The knowledge of the mechanisms that affect the control of the ovarian activity is essential for the success of reproduction biotechnologies. Although a number of studies have been carried out in which the luteinizing hormone (LH) was used to control the ovarian activity, little is known about its influence in the morphology and vascular formation of the corpus luteum, aiming to increase the local blood flow. Thus, the objective of the present experiment was the quantification of the vascular density of corpora lutea (Cls) in animals treated with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) just after ovulation. Therefore, eighteen wistar rats were used in this experiment. Eight rats in the treated group and ten rats in the control group. Corpora lutea were divided into two groups: group (A) treated with hCG in the following morning after copulation, and group (B) control animals which received an injection of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Ovaries from each group were used for preparation of histological sections for vascular density qualification. No statistical significance was found between the two groups tested

Estilo de vida, nível habitual de atividade física e percepção de auto-eficácia de adolescentes

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o estilo de vida, o nível habitual de atividade física e a percepção de autoeficácia de adolescentes. Participaram 316 adolescentes, estudantes de Centros Federais de Educação Tecnológica de Santa Catarina. Para a coleta de dados, três questionários e uma escala foram utilizados. Observou-se que os meninos (68,2%) são mais ativos que as meninas (44,0%), p=0,001. Os meninos apresentaram autoeficácia superior à das meninas (p=0,004), entretanto meninos e meninas ativos percebem a autoeficácia semelhantemente. Os adolescentes ativos apresentam indicadores mais positivos do estilo de vida que os sedentários (meninos: p=0,006 e meninas: p=0,016). Adolescentes com elevada autoeficácia apresentam melhor estilo de vida em relação àqueles com baixa autoeficácia (p=0,002). Ao observar que adolescentes ativos possuem melhor estilo de vida, podemos sugerir que este comportamento, em conjunto com uma maior percepção de autoeficácia, é importante na formação de hábitos saudáveis de vida

Núcleo de pesquisa em suínos como centro formador de recursos humanos para a suinocultura do futuro

A suinocultura se destaca dentre as demais atividades produtivas pelo uso massivo de ferramentas tecnológicas, objetivando produzir em maior volume, de forma mais eficiente e sustentável. Nessa conjuntura, a suinocultura brasileira ocupa lugar destacado entre os principais países produtores, ocupando o quarto posto no ranking de produção e exportação de carne suína; dessa forma, fica clara a importância da atividade suinícola como grande geradora de divisas para o país. Assim, faz-se imprescindível a formação de recursos humanos altamente capacitados para que possam militar nesta seara com assertividade, impulsionando cada vez mais a produção de suínos e, em consequência, o desenvolvimento do país. Tendo em vista tal demanda, surgiu o Núcleo de Pesquisa em Suínos, resultado da união de forças entre o Laboratório de Pesquisa em Suínos, o Laboratório de Andrologia e Tecnologia de Embriões Suínos e o Laboratório de Sanidade Suína e Virologia, com o intuito de que os alunos da graduação, e não somente os da pós-graduação, como antes ocorria, pudessem entrar em contato com um cenário fidedigno da produção de suínos. Hoje, os alunos que estão ainda na graduação podem participar de atividades similares àquelas que são realizadas em uma granja comercial de suínos, com a vantagem de estarem sempre monitorados por professores e alunos de pós-graduação.Pig production has gained worldwide notoriety for using cutting-edge technologies aiming not only to increase its productivity and profitability but also to lessen the impact it causes on the environment. In this scenario, Brazil also plays a lead role in global pig production, occupying the forth position in the world ranking of pork production and also of pork exporting, hence, the importance of the pork industry becomes very clear since it is major source of wealth to Brazil’s economy, creating thousands of direct and indirect jobs which contribute to socioeconomic development. Thus, it becomes vital to form highly skilled human resources capable of working in an assertive manner on this field, advancing even more the pork industry and, consequently, the development of the country. To attend this demand, the Swine Research Center was created as a result of the merging of three laboratories (Laboratório de Pesquisa em Suínos; Laboratório de Andrologia e Tecnologia de Embriões Suínos; Laboratório de Sanidade Suína e Virologia), with the main objective of permitting that the undergraduate students could have a hands-on experience on the pig production field. Nowadays, undergraduate students can take part on various activities similar to those of a commercial pig farm, always monitored by faculty and post graduate students

Altrenogest during early pregnancy modulates uterine glandular epithelium and endometrial growth factor expression at the time implantation in pigs

This study evaluated the effects of supplying altrenogest from day 6-12 of pregnancy on the endometrial glandular epithelium, corpora lutea (CL) morphology, and endometrial and CL gene expression. A total of 12 crossbred females (Landrace × Large White) were used. The females were assigned to 4 treatments according to a random design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with two categories (sow or gilt) and two treatments (non-treated and treated with altrenogest). On day 6 of pregnancy, animals were allocated to one of the following groups: non-treated (NT, n = 6; 3 sows and 3 gilts), and (T, n = 6; 3 sows and 3 gilts) treated daily with 20 mg of altrenogest, from day 6-12 of pregnancy. All animals were euthanized on day 13 of pregnancy. All CLs were individually weighed, and their volume were determined. The endometrial glandular density (GD), mean glandular area (MGA), and vascular density (VD) were determined by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses. Endometrium samples were collected and analyzed by qRT-PCR to evaluate the abundance of transcripts for VEGF and IGF-I. Females in the T group had higher MGA (P < 0.05) compared to the NT group. There was no effect of treatment on GD or VD for both experimental groups. Sows in the T group had augmented expression of IGF-I (P < 0.05). Progestagen had no detrimental effect on CL morphology. In conclusion, altrenogest improves the uterine environment during the peri-implantation period in pigs without compromising corpora lutea development

Physical activity prevents alterations in mitochondrial ultrastructure and glucometabolic parameters in a high-sugar diet model.

Endurance exercise is a remarkable intervention for the treatment of many diseases. Mitochondrial changes on skeletal muscle are likely important for many of the benefits provided by exercise. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects that a regular physical activity (swimming without workload) has on mitochondrial morphological alterations and glucometabolic parameters induced by a high-sugar diet (HSD). Weaned male Wistar rats fed with a standard diet or a HSD (68% carbohydrate) were subjected to 60 minutes of regular physical activity by swimming (without workload) for four- (20 sessions) or eight-week (40 sessions) periods. After training, animals were euthanized and the sera, adipose tissues, and skeletal muscles were collected for further analysis. The HSD increased body weight after an 8- week period; it also increased the fat pads and the adipose index, resulting in glucose intolerance and insulin resistance (IR). Transmission electron microscopy showed an increase in alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure in the gastrocnemius muscle, as well as a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and an increase in protein carbonylation. Regular physical activity partially reverted these alterations in rats fed a HSD, preventing mitochondrial morphological alterations and IR. Moreover, we observed a decrease in Pgc1? expression (qPCR analysis) in STD-EXE group and a less pronounced reduction in HSD-EXE group after an 8-week period. Thus, regular physical activity (swimming without workload) in rats fed a HSD can prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and IR, highlighting the crucial role for physical activity on metabolic homeostasis

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1,2,3,4,5,6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe