34 research outputs found

    Five distinct biological processes and 14 differentially expressed genes characterize TEL/AML1-positive leukemia

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The t(12;21)(p13;q22) translocation is found in 20 to 25% of cases of childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This rearrangement results in the fusion of <it>ETV6 </it>(<it>TEL</it>) and <it>RUNX1 </it>(<it>AML1</it>) genes and defines a relatively uniform category, although only some patients suffer very late relapse. <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive patients are thus an interesting subgroup to study, and such studies should elucidate the biological processes underlying TEL/AML1 pathogenesis. We report an analysis of gene expression in 60 children with B-lineage ALL using Agilent whole genome oligo-chips (44K-G4112A) and/or real time RT-PCR.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We compared the leukemia cell gene expression profiles of 16 <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive ALL patients to those of 44 <it>TEL/AML1</it>-negative patients, whose blast cells did not contain any additional recurrent translocation. Microarray analyses of 26 samples allowed the identification of genes differentially expressed between the TEL/AML1-positive and negative ALL groups. Gene enrichment analysis defined five enriched GO categories: cell differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell motility and response to wounding, associated with 14 genes -<it>RUNX1, TCFL5, TNFRSF7, CBFA2T3</it>, <it>CD9</it>, <it>SCARB1, TP53INP1, ACVR1C, PIK3C3, EGFL7</it>, <it>SEMA6A, CTGF, LSP1, TFPI </it>– highlighting the biology of the <it>TEL/AML1 </it>sub-group. These results were first confirmed by the analysis of an additional microarray data-set (7 patient samples) and second by real-time RT-PCR quantification and clustering using an independent set (27 patient samples). Over-expression of <it>RUNX1 (AML1) </it>was further investigated and in one third of the patients correlated with cytogenetic findings.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Gene expression analyses of leukemia cells from 60 children with <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive and -negative B-lineage ALL led to the identification of five biological processes, associated with 14 validated genes characterizing and highlighting the biology of the <it>TEL/AML1</it>-positive ALL sub-group.</p

    CARE4DAIRY : un manuel europĂ©en du bien-ĂȘtre animal en Ă©levage de bovins laitiers

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    International audiencePour accompagner l’amĂ©lioration des pratiques d’élevage des bovins laitiers, la Commission EuropĂ©enne a missionnĂ© un consortium regroupant les membres du Centre EuropĂ©en de RĂ©fĂ©rence pour le Bien-Etre Animal – Ruminants & EquidĂ©s (EURCAW1 Ruminants & Equines, dont INRAE pour la France), l’Institut de l’Elevage et Phylum, pour dĂ©velopper des manuels de recommandations en matiĂšre de bien-ĂȘtre animal. BasĂ©s sur l’analyse des rĂ©fĂ©rentiels techniques et rĂ©fĂ©rences scientifiques existants, et tenant compte des rĂ©cents avis de l’EFSA, 20 fiches thĂ©matiques ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©laborĂ©es pour couvrir l’ensemble du troupeau : les veaux, les gĂ©nisses, les vaches en production, et la fin de carriĂšre. Ces fiches rappellent les recommandations de base pour le bien-ĂȘtre animal, et proposent des pratiques amĂ©liorĂ©es. Deux niveaux de pratiques sont proposĂ©s : les bonnes pratiques, qui devaient pouvoir ĂȘtre appliquĂ©es dans toutes les fermes, et les meilleures pratiques qui constituent un objectif plus ambitieux. L’ensemble constitue un recueil unique des principes permettant d’assurer et d’amĂ©liorer le bien-ĂȘtre des animaux en Ă©levage de bovin lait dans les diffĂ©rents domaines techniques concernĂ©s : l’alimentation, le logement, la santĂ© et l’expression des besoins comportementaux des animaux. Une consultation des filiĂšres, menĂ©e Ă  l’échelle europĂ©enne, a permis d’identifier des consensus autour de bonnes pratiques et de recenser les ressources techniques disponibles dans les pays impliquĂ©s dans le travail. Elle a aussi mis en lumiĂšre des rĂ©serves sur la faisabilitĂ© pratique de plusieurs recommandations, en fonction notamment du systĂšme d’élevage. Ces fiches seront accessibles en ligne et disponibles en 6 langues, avec renvoi vers les rĂ©fĂ©rentiels techniques identifiĂ©s dans plusieurs pays. Elles seront accompagnĂ©es d’infographies et de ressources multimĂ©dia pour expliciter les points clĂ©s. L’ensemble constituera une ressource pour orienter les choix d’amĂ©lioration des conditions d’élevages, et pour dĂ©velopper ultĂ©rieurement des guides de bonnes pratiques, coconstruits avec les filiĂšres, et adaptĂ©s aux diffĂ©rents systĂšmes

    Theory of Mind and social reserve: Alternative hypothesis of progressive Theory of Mind decay during different stages of Alzheimer’s disease

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    International audienceAlthough Theory of Mind (ToM) is thought to be impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), it remains unclear whether this impairment is linked to the level of task complexity, the heterogeneity of the studied patients, or the implication of executive dysfunctions. To elucidate this point, 42 AD patients, divided into two subgroups [moderate AD (mAD) patients (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;19) and early AD (eAD) patients (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;23)], and 23 matched healthy older subjects (HO) were enrolled. All participants were given (1) a false-belief task (cognitive ToM), (2) a revised version of the “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test (affective ToM), and (3) a composite task designed to assess ToM abilities with minimal cognitive demands. Participants were also given executive tasks assessing inhibition, shifting, and updating processes. We observed a significant impairment of cognitive and composite ToM abilities in eAD patients compared with mAD patients. There was no impairment of affective ToM. Stepwise regression revealed that measures of global efficiency and executive functions (EFs) were the best predictors of progressive decay of ToM scores. These results indicate that cognitive aspects of ToM are more sensitive to AD progression than affective tasks. They also show that ToM abilities are more affected by dementia severity than by task complexity. One explanation of our results is the presence of compensatory mechanisms (social reserve) in AD
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