220 research outputs found

    Morphological instability induced by the interaction of a particle with a solidifying interface

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    We show that the interaction of a particle with a directionally solidified interface induces the onset of morphological instability provided that the particle-interface distance falls below a critical value. This instability occurs at pulling velocities that are below the threshold for the onset of the Mullins-Sekerka instability. The expression for the critical distance reveals that this instability is manifested only for certain combinations of the physical and processing parameters. Its occurence is attributed to the reversal of the thermal gradient in the melt ahead of the interface and behind the particle.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Eur. Phys. J.

    Algebraic Topology-Based Image Deformation : a Unified Model

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    In this paper, a new method for image deformation is presented. It is based upon decomposition of the deformation problem into basic physical laws. Unlike other methods that solve a differential or an energetic formulation of the physical laws involved, we encode the basic laws using computational algebraic topology. Conservative laws are translated into exact global values and constitutive laws are judiciously approximated. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of our model, we deal with both small- and large-scale deformation, utilizing elasticity theory and the viscous fluid model, respectively. The proposed approach is validated through a series of tests on optical flow estimation and image registration

    Combined protective effect of vitamins C and E on cadmium induced oxidative liver injury in rats

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    Our study pertains to the potential ability of vitamin C and/or vitamin E, used as nutritional supplements, to alleviate oxidative stress induced by cadmium. Male rats were randomly divided into five groups of eight each. Group I served as the controls; group II received in their drinking water CdCl2 (200 mg/L); group III received both CdCl2 and vitamin C (1.5 g/L of water); group IV was treated with CdCl2 and vitamin E (400 mg/kg diet); and group V received CdCl2 + vitamin C + vitamin E. The exposure of rats to cadmium chloride for 30 days resulted in a significant decrease in body weight gain. Cadmium treatment also produced oxidative liver injury characterized by increasing serum glucose concentration, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), alanine aminotransaminase (GOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. Meanwhile cadmium supplementation decreased serum total protein and albumin in animals. In addition, liver glutathione level, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were diminished. With vitamin C and vitamin E administration during intoxication of cadmium, corrective effects on Cd-induced oxidative stress in the liver was observed. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that oral exposure to Cd caused reduction in LPO and antioxidant enzyme activities in rat’s liver, and vitamin C or vitamin E may have partial ameliorative effects on these disturbances, whereas vitamin C and vitamin E together assured a more efficient protection of the organ against the noticed oxidative stress.Key words: Cadmium, vitamin E, vitamin C, oxidative stress, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase

    Contribution à l'étude des indicateurs de durabilité des bétons à base des granulats recyclés

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    International audience RÉSUMÉ. Ce travail est une contribution expérimentale à l'étude de la durabilité des différentes compositions de bétons ordinaires sans adjuvants, à base des granulats naturels et recyclés avec différentes combinaisons granulaires (sable et gravier). Après identification et caractérisation physico-chimiques et mécaniques des granulats en particulier les recyclés, on a réalisé des essais de durabilité sur des bétons classe cible C25/30 en prenant en considération le même type et dosage du ciment et la même classe de consistance S2.La procédure expérimentale consiste à comparer les résistances mécaniques ainsi que les indicateurs de durabilité les plus déterminants pour ces bétons à savoir : la porosité, la perméabilité et la lixiviation au nitrate d'ammonium. L'étude comparative entre les différentes compositions de bétons recyclés a montré des propriétés physiques et mécaniques acceptables vis-à-vis de la résistance mécanique et de la durabilité. Les granulats recyclés peuvent constituer un matériau de substitution à des granulats naturels. ABSTRACT: This work is an experimental contribution to the study of the sustainability of various compositions of ordinary concrete without additives, made of natural and recycled aggregates with different combinations granular (sand and gravel). After identification and physico-chemical and mechanical characterization of the recycled aggregates in particular, durability tests were carried out on concrete target class C25/30, taking into account the same type and dosage of the cement and the same consistency class S2. The experimental procedure is to compare the strengths and the most critical sustainability indicators for these concretes are: porosity, permeability and leaching of ammonium nitrate. The comparative study between different recycled concrete compositions showed acceptable physical and mechanical properties vis-à-vis the strength and durability. Recycled aggregates can be a substitute material for natural aggregates. MOTS-CLÉS : granulats recyclés, porosité, lixiviation, durabilité, résistance mécaniques. KEY WORDS: recycled aggregates, porosity, leaching, durability, mechanical strength. </div

    Drama-based intervention to support social inclusion:evaluation of an approach to include students with ADHD in Algeria

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    This paper explores the impact of a drama-based intervention on the social inclusion of middle school learners including some with ADHD in Algeria. The intervention included drama-based activities and was delivered over a period of six weeks (24 sessions). One second-year middle school classroom (n = 29), including students with ADHD (n = 3), was recruited for the study. A mixed-methods, explanatory sequential design was adopted: Social Inclusion Survey data were collected before and after the intervention; and qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews and focus groups two weeks after the intervention. The findings suggest an increase in the acceptance levels (and a decrease in the rejection levels) of students with ADHD in line with the group as a whole. Furthermore, the findings suggest a positive drama influence on the students’ social interactions, friendships, and sense of belonging. The findings highlight the need for schools to promote the social inclusion of all the students through embracing creative teaching strategies and recognising the importance of social development in inclusive settings

    Propriétés mécaniques et durabilité des bétons à base de graviers et sables recyclés issus de béton de démolition

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    International audienceL'utilisation de granulats recyclés présente les nouvelles tendances dans la construction comme une alternative aux granulats naturels. Cependant, une absorption d'eau élevée et des propriétés mécaniques pas assez bonnes des granulats recyclés influencent par conséquent, la résistance et la durabilité du béton durci. Pour une tenue pérenne du béton, il est nécessaire d'avoir des exigences de perméabilité à l'eau, au gaz et une résistance à la diffusion d'ions. Ce travail est une contribution expérimentale à l'étude de la durabilité des différentes compositions de bétons ordinaires (naturels/recyclés) avec différentes combinaisons granulaires (sable et gravier). Et, pour se faire réaliser des caractérisations physico-chimiques et mécaniques, des granulats en particulier les recyclés et des bétons ont été menées. Les essais ont été réalisées sur une formulation de béton type : un dosage en ciment constant C=400kg/m 3 , une même maniabilité du béton frais (Aff= 70±20mm) et une classe de béton cible C25/30. La procédure expérimentale consiste à comparer les résistances mécaniques à long terme, des bétons conservés dans trois types de solutions (eau de robinet, Eau déminéralisée et eau très salée), ainsi que les indicateurs de durabilité les plus déterminants pour ces bétons à savoir : la porosité, la perméabilité et la lixiviation au nitrate d'ammonium avec deux concentrations (faible et forte). Les propriétés physico-mécaniques et chimiques des granulats recyclés (GR) sont inférieures à celles des granulats naturels (GN). Cette étude comparative entre les différents bétons à base des granulats recyclés "issus de béton de démolition" et naturels, montre globalement que ces recyclés possèdent des caractéristiques acceptables vis-à-vis de la durabilité, dont la valorisation des granulats recyclés pour la fabrication des bétons semble une voie prometteuse

    Irtı ve Kuveyt Evkaf İdaresi Önderliğinde Hazırlanan İslami Vakıflar Yasası

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