H216O line list for the study of atmospheres of Venus and Mars

IR spectroscopy is an important method of remote measurement of H216O content in planetary atmospheres with initial spectroscopic information from the HITRAN, GEISA, etc., databases adapted for studies in the Earth’s atmosphere. Unlike the Earth, the atmospheres of Mars and Venus mainly consist of carbon dioxide with a CO2 content of about 95%. In this paper, the line list of H216O is obtained on the basis of the BT2 line list (R.J. Barber, J. Tennyson, G.J. Harris, et al., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 368, 1087 (2006)). The BT2 line list containing information on the centers, intensities, and quantum identification of lines is supplemented with the line contour parameters: the self-broadening and carbon dioxide broadening coefficients and the temperature dependence coefficient at 296 K in the range of 0.001–30000 cm−1. Transitions with intensity values 10−30, 10−32, and 10−35 cm/molecule, the total number of which is 323310, 753529, and 2011072, respectively, were chosen from the BT2 line list

H2O self-broadening coefficients of rotation-vibration lines in the 15 500-16 000 cm-1 region

Line broadening coefficients of the Н2О-Н2О system were investigated in the region 15500 – 16000 cm-1 using a high resolution Fourier-transform spectrometer IFS-125M. The White type multipass absorption cell with a basic length of 60 cm was used. Least-square-fitting algorithm WXSPE was used to retrieve of the spectroscopic parameters from measured spectral data set. Calculations of self-broadening are performed using a semi-empirical approach. This method is further developed by using anharmonic wavefunctions in the estimates of line profiles. This approach explicitly takes into account all scattering channels induced by collisions. Calculated data are in a good agreement with the measured ones. © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only

Verification of H2O lines from the HITRAN database for remote sensing of the water vapour isotopic composition

The quality of the spectroscopic line parameters from the HITRAN Database for remote sensing of the water vapour isotopic composition of the atmosphere is widely discussed. In this research we show that the HITRAN-2008 data for H2O isotopologues in the near infrared spectral range (4000-6400 cm-1) is reasonably good. The HITRAN data was tested with independent calculation (ab initio et al.). For the evaluation we've used two following criteria: a quality of the fitting of atmospheric spectra measured at the Ural Atmospheric Station (UAS, Kourovka) with the high-resolution Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer and an agreement between the retrieved HDO/H2O relative concentration ratios in the atmospheric column and the results of the simulation of the isotopic general circulation model ECHAM5-wiso (validated for Kourovka region). © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Line broadening of SO2 and CO2 volcanic activity gases in the Earth’s atmosphere

Calculations of the CO2-broadening coefficients of sulfur oxide lines by the semi-empirical method [Mol. Phys. 102 (2004) 1653] and averaged energy difference method [Atmosph. Ocean. Optics 28 (2015) 403] are presented. In this work, 41 lines are considered, the rotational quantum number J varies from 14 to 51. Calculations of the line widths are carried out for room temperature (296 K), and also for the temperature range typical for the Ears atmosphere. There is good agreement with the literature data. The carbon dioxide lines broadening coefficients induced by nitrogen, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at room temperature (T = 296 K) are obtained for a wide range of the rotational quantum number J (up to 100). The temperature exponents are calculated for every line widths. The calculations were performed by a semi-empirical method, based on the semiclassical impact theory of line broadening and modified by introducing additional correction factor whose parameters can be determined by fitting the broadening or shifting coefficients to the experimental data

Linewidths and temperature exponents of CH3CN-N2

Calculations of nitrogen-broadening coefficients and their temperature exponents for methyl cyanide lines at the room temperature using semi-empirical method are presented. They were performed for wide ranges of rotational quantum numbers J and K requested for atmospheric applications: J from 0 till 70 and K from 0 till 20. The temperature exponents were calculated for every mentioned line. Extensive line lists are provided for the Earth and Titan atmosphere temperature ranges. © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only

N2-broadening coefficients of CH3CN rovibrational lines and their temperature dependence for the Earth and Titan atmospheres

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