Congenital infiltrating lipoma of the upper limb in a patient with von Willebrand disease

Infiltrating lipoma is a rare variety of lipoma, characterized by an infiltration of the adipose tissue of the muscles. Infiltrating lipomas are usually classified in two groups: intermuscular infiltrating lipoma and intramuscular infiltrating lipoma. Most are acquired, and they usually appear in middle-aged individuals. Exceptionally, they are congenital. In such cases they are not related to other diseases. We report an 8-year-old boy with a congenital infiltrating lipoma of the upper limb and von Willebrand disease. Both diseases are linked to an alteration in chromosome 12, but this clinical association seems to be random rather than causal

Relationship between flow and incidence of thrombosis in polytetrafluoroethylene vascular grafts in free microvascular flaps in lambs

We have done an experimental study in lambs in which we investigated the influence of flow rate on free microvascular flaps using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) vascular grafts. We set up five surgical groups in which blood flow was progressively increased through the PTFE vascular graft. In group I (venous autograft) we observed just one vascular thrombosis which was located at the site of the anastomosis. In group II (PTFE 3 x 10 mm) all the microvascular flaps became necrosed after the third postoperative day. In group III (PTFE 3 x 10 mm) necrosis also developed in all cases, but the anastomoses remained permeable no longer than eight days. In group IV (3 x 15 mm) the permeability in the microvascular free flaps was about 40% after 21 days, and in group V (3 x 10 mm) it reached 70%. To match graft flow rates with flap survival we did a regression analysis of flow rates for groups II, III, and V and the corresponding survival periods for the flaps. There was a clear and highly significant relationship (r = 0.717, p = 0.0001). In conclusion, it is necessary to maintain blood flow through the prosthesis at a rate higher than the thrombogenic threshold. When the flow rate in the vessels through the PTFE grafts was higher, the viability of the flaps was better. The ideal surgical technique should always be based on an arteriovenous fistula distal to the PTFE vascular graft. It is necessary to maintain blood flow through a prosthesis at a rate higher than the thrombogenic threshold

J-PLUS: The javalambre photometric local universe survey

ABSTRACT: TheJavalambrePhotometric Local UniverseSurvey (J-PLUS )isanongoing 12-band photometricopticalsurvey, observingthousands of squaredegrees of theNorthernHemispherefromthededicated JAST/T80 telescope at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ). The T80Cam is a camera with a field of view of 2 deg2 mountedon a telescopewith a diameter of 83 cm, and isequippedwith a uniquesystem of filtersspanningtheentireopticalrange (3500–10 000 Å). Thisfiltersystemis a combination of broad-, medium-, and narrow-band filters, optimallydesigned to extracttherest-framespectralfeatures (the 3700–4000 Å Balmer break region, Hδ, Ca H+K, the G band, and the Mg b and Ca triplets) that are key to characterizingstellartypes and delivering a low-resolutionphotospectrumforeach pixel of theobservedsky. With a typicaldepth of AB ∼21.25 mag per band, thisfilter set thusallowsforanunbiased and accuratecharacterization of thestellarpopulation in our Galaxy, itprovidesanunprecedented 2D photospectralinformationforall resolved galaxies in the local Universe, as well as accuratephoto-z estimates (at the δ z/(1 + z)∼0.005–0.03 precisionlevel) formoderatelybright (up to r ∼ 20 mag) extragalacticsources. Whilesomenarrow-band filters are designedforthestudy of particular emissionfeatures ([O II]/λ3727, Hα/λ6563) up to z < 0.017, theyalsoprovidewell-definedwindowsfortheanalysis of otheremissionlines at higherredshifts. As a result, J-PLUS has thepotential to contribute to a widerange of fields in Astrophysics, both in thenearbyUniverse (MilkyWaystructure, globular clusters, 2D IFU-likestudies, stellarpopulations of nearby and moderate-redshiftgalaxies, clusters of galaxies) and at highredshifts (emission-line galaxies at z ≈ 0.77, 2.2, and 4.4, quasi-stellarobjects, etc.). Withthispaper, wereleasethefirst∼1000 deg2 of J-PLUS data, containingabout 4.3 millionstars and 3.0 milliongalaxies at r <  21mag. With a goal of 8500 deg2 forthe total J-PLUS footprint, thesenumbers are expected to rise to about 35 millionstars and 24 milliongalaxiesbytheend of thesurvey.Funding for the J-PLUS Project has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragón through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO; under grants AYA2017-86274-P, AYA2016-77846-P, AYA2016-77237-C3-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, AGAUR grant SGR-661/2017, and ICTS-2009-14), and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685

Consenso colombiano de atención, diagnóstico y manejo de la infección por SARS-COV-2/COVID-19 en establecimientos de atención de la salud Recomendaciones basadas en consenso de expertos e informadas en la evidencia

The “Asociación Colombiana de Infectología” (ACIN) and the “Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud” (IETS) created a task force to develop recommendations for Covid 19 health care diagnosis, management and treatment informed, and based, on evidence. Theses reccomendations are addressed to the health personnel on the Colombian context of health services. © 2020 Asociacion Colombiana de Infectologia. All rights reserved

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model: Several Perspectives of the Telecommunication and Computer Worlds

The OSI Reference Model was a joint effort of the Telecommunication and Computer worlds to solve the problem of systems interconnection and standards development. Both worlds have their own history and development and therefore their approach to the OSI/RM differs according to their technical background and economical/political interests. The Telecommunication world has been traditionally concerned with the lower three layers of the OSI Model which refers to data transmission and subnetwork issues. They view the OSI/RM based in the recommendation X.25 and ISDN, thus their OSI perspective is: Physical to Network are the lower layers and Transport to Application are the upper layers. The Computer world on the other hand has been involved with users equipment and application matters which allude to the upper OSI layers. Their objective is subnetwork independence and therefore they consider the Physical to Transport as the lower layers and the Session to the Application as the higher layers. The two worlds also have their own perspective for the communication users. These perspectives are based in the services the user can get. For example, layer 1: leased lines, layers 1 to 2: LANs and Frame Relay, layers 1 to 3: X.25 based PSDNs and layers 1 to 7: ISDN teleservices, X.400 MHS, X.500 Directory Support, FTAM, etc. From all these perspectives, it is necessary to have a common perspective to specify the responsibility areas of all the participants in the development of the telematic services. This common perspective is obtained by viewing the OSI Model for what it was meant: systems interconnection. Considering the subnetwork as the most important system in the interconnection problem, an OSI perspective is chosen that reflects this major subnetwork role and determines the "boundary of responsibility" with it. This perspective is comparable to the one of the Telecommunication world, but with the inclusion of the subnetwork in it. Finally, it is the State’s responsibility of preserving and developing the public telecommunication infrastructure, with the absolute authority to set the subnetwork standards and with the right to designate the exploitant/administrator of the public subnetwork.Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer ScienceTelecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssysteme

Reconstrucción de defectos torácicos de espesor total: Presentación de 8 casos de especial complejidad Reconstruction of full thickness defects on the chest wall: Presentation of 8 complex cases

Las lesiones de gran tamaño en el tórax, requieren casi siempre para su reparación plastias complejas, que en algunos casos han de combinar el uso de tejidos autólogos y/o materiales sintéticos. Por tanto, la reconstrucción de la pared torácica supone un desafío desde el punto de vista reconstructivo en el que es fundamental el papel de los cirujanos plásticos. Los grandes defectos torácicos suelen ser secundarios a exéresis tumoral (tumores parietales de origen primario o secundario), infecciones, radionecrosis, traumatismos y malformaciones congénitas. Si bien los principios de la reconstrucción del tórax exigen una escisión amplia de la lesión, desbridamiento de los tejidos desvitalizados o irradiados y control de la infección local, dichas actuaciones no podrían abordarse con seguridad si no dispusiéramos de un amplio arsenal de técnicas reconstructivas, capaces de aportar tejidos sanos y bien vascularizados o voluminosos y amplios en superficie, junto con soportes rígidos mediante materiales aloplásticos. Gracias a estos avances, en la mayoría de los casos conseguimos el objetivo con sólo una intervención, cuando hace unos años necesitábamos varios procedimientos quirúrgicos. Presentamos una muestra variada de la experiencia de nuestro Servicio en el tratamiento de grandes defectos del tórax, en el que resumimos las distintas posibilidades que podemos encontrar en la práctica clínica diaria, y las soluciones que mejor se adaptan a las mismas.Reconstruction of full thickness defects on the chest wall is controversial and require the use of complex techniques that combine autologous tissue and/or alloplastic materials. Thus it is a challenge for plastic surgeons since it needs a suitable and functional reconstruction. The aethiology for these defects include tumoral surgery (primary wall tumors, or recurrences or metastasis), infections, radiation injury, trauma and congenital defects. Otherwise, first surgical treatment require wide resection of the tumor or ischaemic or radiated tissue and control of the infection, but these principles could not be safely faced without the multiple reconstructive techniques that can afford the use of well vascularized, large or bulky tissues to reconstruct this anatomical area in combination with alloplastic materials, in order to give a solid stabilization. Thanks to these advances, we can actually perform our objectives in only one procedure. We present a selection of complex chest wall defects that have been operated in the last years by our surgical team. We will describe the solutions and the results obtained by means of a variety of possible flaps and synthetic materials

Cuerpos extraños intraprotésicos tras refinamiento del perfil mamario con infiltración grasa en el seguimiento de reconstrucción mamaria Intraprosthesic foreing bodies after lipofilling in the follow up of a mammary reconstruction

Existe un consenso sobre las pruebas de imagen a utilizar para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de pacientes con cáncer de mama, pero no hay una pauta clara de seguimiento para aquellas en las que se realiza reconstrucción mamaria con implantes. Está más institucionalizado el tipo de pruebas a realizar cuando sospechamos la ruptura del implante. Se recomienda la Resonancia Magnética (RM) como prueba de elección ante sospecha de rotura de una prótesis mamaria, aunque también se acepta la ultrasonografía como prueba de cribado en este tipo de pacientes, que es además útil para el seguimiento general de las pacientes sometidas a reconstrucción mamaria con prótesis. Debemos tener unos criterios que enlacen la parte clínica con los hallazgos radiológicos, siendo el cirujano plástico quien debe encargarse de este aspecto junto con el resto de miembros de la Unidad de Mama. Presentamos los resultados radiológicos y clínicos observados tras el hallazgo casual en un control rutinario de un cuerpo extraño intraprotésico en una paciente sometida a reconstrucción mamaria con prótesis de silicona.<br>There is consensus on imaging tests used for diagnosis and management of patients with breast cancer, but there is no clear pattern of monitoring for patients undergoing breast reconstruction with silicone implants. It is more institutionalized the type of tests to perform when we suspect the rupture of the prosthesis. Magnetic Resonance (MR) is recommended as the gold standard on suspicion of silicone breast implants rupture, although it´s also accepted the use of ultrasonography as screening test in such patients. We should have a criterion that links the clinic with radiological findings, being the plastic surgeon who incorporates these criteria, along with the other members of the Breast Unit. We present the radiological and clinical results observed after an incidental finding of an intraprosthesic foreign body in a patient undergoing breast reconstruction with silicone implant, during a routine check