Programación y acontecimiento

The human impulse towards order seems to lead to a struggle to program that, beforehand, designs on a sort of ideal map the sense that the material reality is expected to adopt. In this way any tentative contact with a contingent and consistent reality would be excluded. Only those qualities easy to quantify would find room here. And this general automatization would impoverish the unpredictable flux of all the existent, tending to render invisible the unexpected, heterodox or impossible to classify at the time of its irruption or attempt to take placeEl impulso humano hacia el orden parece acabar por instalarse en un afán de programación que, de manera anticipada, traza sobre una suerte de plano �ideal� el sentido que lo �material� ha de adoptar. De esta manera vendría a excluirse todo contacto tentativo con una realidad contingente y dotada de su propia consistencia. Sólo las cualidades más fácilmente reductibles a número tendrían cabida aquí. Y esta automatización generalizada empobrecería el flujo impredecible de lo existente tendiendo a hacer invisible lo inesperado, lo heterogéneo, lo imposible de clasificar en el instante de su irrupción y pugna por acontecer

Samen van de buurt een betere plaats maken: coproductie van leefbare wijken in Kortrijk

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Programación y acontecimiento

El impulso humano hacia el orden parece acabar por instalarse en un afán de programación que, de manera anticipada, traza sobre una suerte de plano “ideal” el sentido que lo “material” ha de adoptar. De esta manera vendría a excluirse todo contacto tentativo con una realidad contingente y dotada de su propia consistencia. Sólo las cualidades más fácilmente reductibles a número tendrían cabida aquí. Y esta automatización generalizada empobrecería el flujo impredecible de lo existente tendiendo a hacer invisible lo inesperado, lo heterogéneo, lo imposible de clasificar en el instante de su irrupción y pugna por acontecer.Palabras clave: Programación, diseño, plan, tecnología, máquina.Abstract:The human impulse towards order seems to lead to a struggle to program that, beforehand, designs on a sort of ideal map the sense that the material reality is expected to adopt. In this way any tentative contact with a contingent and consistent reality would be excluded. Only those qualities easy to quantify would find room here. And this general automatization would impoverish the unpredictable flux of all the existent, tending to render invisible the unexpected, heterodox or impossible to classify at the time of its irruption or attempt to take place.Keywords: Programming, design, plan, technology, machine.</p

Direccionamiento de proteínas recombinantes a vacuolas de reserva

La utilización de plantas como biorreactores, en la producción de proteínas de interés, como vimos en secciones anteriores, presenta como principales inconvenientes que los niveles de acumulación logrados hasta ahora son muy bajos (menos de 1% de la proteína soluble total (Stoger et al., 2005; Ma et al., 2005; Petruccelli et al., 2006) y, que el conocimiento de las modificaciones postraduccionales es escaso. Se ha propuesto que la hidrólisis de la proteína heteróloga podría ser uno de los factores que determina esos bajos niveles de acumulación. Las células vegetales poseen además de las vacuolas líticas, organelas con capacidad de almacenar proteínas y que han sido descriptos en distintos tejidos y células en diversas condiciones fisiológicas (Paris et al., 1996; Di Sansebastiano et al., 1998; Hayashi et al., 1999). En este trabajo se plantea el tratar de aportar una solución al problema de la hidrólisis de la proteína de interés a través su direccionamiento a organelas donde podría almacenarse de manera estable. Por ello, se estudiará por un lado el empleo de la secuencia KDEL, que en hojas determina que la proteína de interés se acumule en el retículo endoplásmico, pero que en órganos de reserva podría dirigir a vacuolas de reserva de proteínas (PSV). Por otro lado, teniendo en cuenta que el mecanismo que determina el direccionamiento de proteínas de reserva a PSV aún se encuentra en etapas de esclarecimiento se estudiará si secuencias derivadas de una globulina 11S de amaranto (Amaranthus hipocondriacus) pueden emplearse con esta finalidad.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Direccionamiento de proteínas recombinantes a vacuolas de reserva

La utilización de plantas como biorreactores, en la producción de proteínas de interés, como vimos en secciones anteriores, presenta como principales inconvenientes que los niveles de acumulación logrados hasta ahora son muy bajos (menos de 1% de la proteína soluble total (Stoger et al., 2005; Ma et al., 2005; Petruccelli et al., 2006) y, que el conocimiento de las modificaciones postraduccionales es escaso. Se ha propuesto que la hidrólisis de la proteína heteróloga podría ser uno de los factores que determina esos bajos niveles de acumulación. Las células vegetales poseen además de las vacuolas líticas, organelas con capacidad de almacenar proteínas y que han sido descriptos en distintos tejidos y células en diversas condiciones fisiológicas (Paris et al., 1996; Di Sansebastiano et al., 1998; Hayashi et al., 1999). En este trabajo se plantea el tratar de aportar una solución al problema de la hidrólisis de la proteína de interés a través su direccionamiento a organelas donde podría almacenarse de manera estable. Por ello, se estudiará por un lado el empleo de la secuencia KDEL, que en hojas determina que la proteína de interés se acumule en el retículo endoplásmico, pero que en órganos de reserva podría dirigir a vacuolas de reserva de proteínas (PSV). Por otro lado, teniendo en cuenta que el mecanismo que determina el direccionamiento de proteínas de reserva a PSV aún se encuentra en etapas de esclarecimiento se estudiará si secuencias derivadas de una globulina 11S de amaranto (Amaranthus hipocondriacus) pueden emplearse con esta finalidad.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

The Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Teaching Practices in Biomedical Sciences on Students’ Learning Experience: A Systematic Literature Review

The traditional didactic approach to teaching in biomedical sciences falls short of providing students with the 21st century competencies necessary to meet the socioeconomic demands placed upon them. Tertiary biomedical science educators have sought empirical evidence to identify the best practices to meet these demands, each of which have an element of actively involving students in their learning, as opposed to passive and didactic instructional approaches. This review synthesises the literature on evidence-based teaching practices (EBTPs) implemented in biomedical science disciplines and investigates the impact of EBTPs on students’ learning experiences through a systematic review. Seventy-eight studies were analysed, providing a comprehensive review of teaching practices that supported active learning in biomedical science disciplines. The findings revealed that EBTPs had significant impact on students’ academic performance and learning experiences to enhance higher-order thinking skills and self-directed learning, despite the variation in educational setting. A range of instructional strategies and technologies that supported active learning experiences were identified in this review, and the findings provide an evidence base to inform pedagogical decisions regarding the implementation of EBTPs and may serve as an impetus for instructors to implement active learning strategies based on this empirical evidence

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Comprehensive Characterization of Plant-Pigment-Based Tattoos and Dyes Formulations

There has been little research on emerging natural-pigment-based temporary tattoos and their constituents so far. This study focused on the characterization of natural henna and jagua tattoos and dyes in commercial samples. Sample manipulation and treatment were minimal to analyze natural pigments as they are marketed. The characterization of active compounds was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). A novel untargeted characterization was also applied for these types of samples, searching for compounds ranging from the original ingredients to other additives of interest they may contain. The fact that these products may also be a source of unlabelled allergens was considered. This work showed that not all of the 34 samples analyzed contained their characteristic active ingredients, and in addition, 70 substances of a different nature were found. Therefore, a rapid and high-throughput methodology has been developed for the identification of the components of these dyes, providing a necessary approach for quality control or identification of suspicious substancesThis research was supported by projects EQC2018-005011-P (Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain) and ED431 2020/06 (Xunta de Galicia). The authors belong to the CRETUS Strategic Partnership (ED431E 2018/01). All these programs are co-funded by FEDER (UE). L.R. acknowledges Xunta de Galicia for her predoctoral contract (ED481A-2018/227)S

Monitoring of Natural Pigments in Henna and Jagua Tattoos for Fake Detection

Temporary tattoos are a popular alternative to permanent ones. Some of them use natural pigments such as lawsone in the famous henna tattoos. Recently, jagua tattoos, whose main ingredients are genipin and geniposide, have emerged as an interesting option. This study was conducted to identify the presence and concentration of henna and jagua active ingredients (lawsone; genipin and geniposide, respectively) in commercial tattoo samples. Since natural pigments are often mixed with additives such as p-phenylenediamine (PPD) in the case of henna, PPD has been included in the study. Green and simple extraction methods based on vortex or ultrasound-assisted techniques have been tested. To determine the compounds of interest liquid chromatography (LC) with diode-array detection (DAD) has been applied; and PPD absence was confirmed by LC-QTOF (quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry). This work demonstrated that only one out of 14 henna samples analyzed contained lawsone. For jaguas, genipin was found in all samples, while geniposide only in two. Therefore, quality control analysis on these semi-permanent tattoos is considered necessary to detect these ingredients in commercial mixtures, as well as to uncover possible fraud in products sold as natural hennaThis research was supported by project EQC2018-005011-P (Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain. The authors belong to the CRETUS Strategic Partnership (ED431E2018/01). All these programmes are co-funded by FEDER (UE). L.R. acknowledges Xunta de Galicia for her predoctoral contractS

Multi-Target Strategy to Uncover Unexpected Compounds in Rinse-Off and Leave-On Cosmetics

The wide range and complexity of cosmetic formulations currently available on the market poses a challenge from an analytical point of view. In addition, during cosmetics manufacture, impurities coming from raw materials or formed by reaction of different organic compounds present in the formulation may be present. Their identification is mandatory to assure product quality and consumer health. In this work, micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion (μMSPD) is proposed as a multi-target sample preparation strategy to analyze a wide number of unexpected families of compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, plasticizers, nitrosamines, alkylphenols (APs), and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs). Analytical determination was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the determination of 51 target compounds in a single run, whereas liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed for the analysis of six APs and APEOs. Both methodologies were successfully validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, and precision in leave-on and rinse-off cosmetics. Limits of detection (LODs) were calculated in the low ng g−1, showing their suitability to determine trace levels of impurities and banned compounds with different chemical natures, providing useful tools to cosmetic control laboratories and companiesThis project was supported by project ED431 2020/06 (Xunta de Galicia). Authors belong to CRETUS Strategic Partnership (ED431E 2018/01) (Xunta de Galicia). All these programs are co-funded by FEDER (UE). L.R. acknowledges Xunta de Galicia for her predoctoral contract (ED481A-2018/227)S

Understanding how the crowded interior of cells stabilizes DNA/DNA and DNA/RNA hybrids–in silico predictions and in vitro evidence

Amplification of DNA in vivo occurs in intracellular environments characterized by macromolecular crowding (MMC). In vitro Polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR), however, is non-crowded, requires thermal cycling for melting of DNA strands, primer-template hybridization and enzymatic primer-extension. The temperature-optima for primer-annealing and extension are strikingly disparate which predicts primers to dissociate from template during extension thereby compromising PCR efficiency. We hypothesized that MMC is not only important for the extension phase in vivo but also during PCR by stabilizing nucleotide hybrids. Novel atomistic Molecular Dynamics simulations elucidated that MMC stabilizes hydrogen-bonding between complementary nucleotides. Real-time PCR under MMC confirmed that melting-temperatures of complementary DNA–DNA and DNA–RNA hybrids increased by up to 8°C with high specificity and high duplex-preservation after extension (71% versus 37% non-crowded). MMC enhanced DNA hybrid-helicity, and drove specificity of duplex formation preferring matching versus mismatched sequences, including hair-pin-forming DNA- single-strands