Assessment of pre and postoperative anxiety in patients undergoing ambulatory oral surgery in primary care

To analyze the pre- and postoperative anxiety level in patients undergoing ambulatory oral surgery (AOS) in a primary healthcare center (PHC). Prospective and descriptive clinical study on 45 patients who underwent AOS procedures in the dental clinic of a public PHC of Spain between April and September 2015. Anxiety analysis was carried out with pre- and postoperative anxiety-state (STAI-S), anxiety-trait (STAI-T) and dental anxiety (MDAS) questionnaires. A descriptive, inferential and binary logistic regression analysis were performed for the variables age, sex, educational level, previous experience of oral treatment, type of oral surgery, degree of third molar impaction, surgical time, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, and pain score with a visual analogue scale (VAS). The majority were female (57.8%) with a mean age of 33.5+9.6 years. The most frequent procedure was the lower third molar removal (82.2%). The mean pain score on the VAS was 1.6+1.8. The incidence of complications was low (7.8%). There was a statistically significant association between post- and preoperative anxiety (r=0.56, p<0.001) and a correlation between pain score and postoperative anxiety (Rho= -0.35, p=0.02). The likelihood of postoperative anxiety was related to preoperative anxiety (OR=1.3, p=0.03). AOS in a HPC is safe and should be more encouraged in the public primary care. The emotional impact on users was relatively low, highlighting that the preoperative anxiety levels were higher than the postoperative ones. Psychological factors related to pre- and postoperative anxiety should be considered in the AOS carried out in PC

Effet du traitement des feuilles de Tithonia diversifolia à la mélasse sur l’ingestion et la digestibilité des chaumes de maïs chez la chèvre naine de Guinée (Capra hircus hircus)

Une étude portant sur l’ingestion et la digestibilité in vivo des chaumes de maïs associés aux feuilles de Tithonia diversifolia non traitées et traitées à 5 ou à 10% de mélasse chez la chèvre naine de Guinée a été menée entre octobre 2012 et janvier 2013. Neuf chèvres naines de Guinée ont été réparties en trois lots de trois animaux chacun et logées dans des cages métaboliques individuelles. Les périodes d’adaptation et de collecte de données étaient respectivement de 10 et 5 jours. Chaque chèvre recevait par jour pendant ces périodes, une ration de 700g de chaumes hachés et de 1200 g de feuilles hachées de T. diversifolia non traitées pour le lot 1 (ration TM0), traitées à 5% de mélasse pour le lot 2 (ration TM5) et traitées à 10% de mélasse pour le lot 3 (ration TM10). Les résultats de cette étude ont montré que l’ingestion des feuilles de T. diversifolia traitées à la mélasse a significativement (p&lt;0,05) amélioré l’ingestion des chaumes et les digestibilités de la MS, de la MO, de la CB et de l’azote des rations. En effet, la digestibilité de l’azote des rations TM5 (67,90%) et TM10 (65,51%) ont été comparables (p&gt;0,05) et significativement supérieures (p&lt;0,05) à celle de la ration TM0 (61,52%). L’utilisation des feuilles de T. diversifolia traitées à la mélasse a permis d’améliorer de manière significative l’ingestion et la digestibilité des chaumes de maïs chez la chèvre naine de Guinée.  Mots clés : Appétibilité, chaumes de maïs, digestibilité, mélasse, petits ruminants, Tithonia diversifoli

Utilization of Tithonia diversifolia as Ruminant Feed

Forage is an important component in raising  ruminants. Limited land specifically for forage cultivation is a big challenge in providing forage. Tithonia diversifolia is a promising species used as feed for ruminants because it is easy to grow in various places without being cultivated, such as on roadsides or as fences. This paper aims to give information about Tithonia diversifolia and its cultivation, production, nutritional value and its utilization as forage for ruminant. This plant can be propagated vegetatively and generatively. The spread of seeds can be carried by vectors such as humans, livestock, water currents and wind. T. diversifolia plants have several advantages: fast growing, high production, high crude protein content, resistance to high cutting frequencies and tolerance to acidic soils. Apart from these advantages, this plant also has some weaknesses because it contains several secondary compounds which may affect rumen fermentation. This weakness can be overcome by addition of feed aditive, charcoal or by processing it into silage. T. diversifolia has been used as feed for small and large ruminants either as single or mixed feed with concentrates and other forages with relatively high digestibility. The dry matter consumption of T. diversifolia reaches nearly 600 g/h/d when given as single feed to goats. However, recommended feeding level is 30% of total ration.

Banjir Kabupaten Sintang Tahun 2021 : Fakta dan Dampaknya Serta Kebijakan Mitigasi Bencana

West Kalimantan has the longest river in Indonesia, namely the Kapuas River, where every year there is a potential for flood disaster in almost every district and city area that it passes through. The biggest flood in the last 20 years occurred in 2021, based on West Kalimantan BPBD data, 140,468 residents were affected by the flood and 2 residents were reported to have died in Sintang Regency. The flood disaster that occurred attracted enough public attention at the national level. The Central Government and its staff were also present to deal with the flood. The potential for similar floods is very likely to occur, requiring serious efforts to mitigate similar flood disasters from recurring. Method for preparing this article using a qualitative method with an exploratory approach. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide input in understanding conditions, dealing with them and making efforts to prevent and deal with similar flood disasters in Sintang Regency.

Recurrent inhibition in the cerebral cortex

Neuronal activity can be modulated by endogenous control mechanisms that either facilitate or suppress it. With this idea in mind, we attempted to evaluate and correlate spinal neuronal activity with the amplitude of corticogram (ECoG) event related potentials (ERP) in the presence of nociceptive stimulation in rats. We evaluated the ERP in response to noxious stimuli, endogenous analgesic actions, different frequencies, and heterotopic nociceptive stimulation, as well as in conjunction with recordings from neurons in the spinal cord that are activated by noxious stimuli. Computational tasks enabled us to establish correlations between the amplitude of ERP and neuronal firing of cells in the spinal dorsal horn. Our results show that the ERP amplitude could be modified by previous activity in the cerebral cortex, but the activity in the spinal cord did not change. Previous activity could originate spontaneously or could be driven by sensory stimulation. A recurrent inhibitory cortical action is proposed that could explain the suppression of pain perception during electrical or magnetic transcranial stimulation, as well as during heterotopic stimulation. This study aims to uncover a local recurrent inhibitory cortical action that could modify the sensory information.Postprint (author's final draft

Two lectures about representing scientific communities by data visualization

These lectures present a research that investigates the representation of communities, and the way to foster their understanding by different audiences. Communities are complex multidimensional entities intrinsically difficult to represent synthetically. The way to represent them is likely to differ depending on the audience considered: governing entities trying to make decision for the future of the community, general public trying to understand the nature of the community and the members of the community themselves. This work considers two types of communities as example: a scientific organization and an arising domain: the EPFL institutional community composed of faculty members and researchers and, at a world wide level, the emerging community of Digital Humanities researchers. For both cases, the research is organised as a process going from graphical research to actual materialization as physical artefacts (posters, maps, etc.), possibly extended using digital devices (augmented reality applications). Through iterative cycles of design and experimentation, the research explores theoretically (representation theory, studies about networks, cartography, etc.) and experimentally (development of methods to assess the relevance of each representation depending on the target audiences) how to create effective community mapping. Its global ambition is to inform a theory of design helping to understand how certain community representations can lead to actual cognitive shifts in the way a community is understood. First Day - Design Creation The lecture proposes a new way to look at scientific communities. Dealing with a very complex situation, where literacy production is enormous and decisions are made using metrics that are judged obsolete by all, we propose a visual way to understand the community organization. How do scholars work together? What is the intermediary object which makes scientific researchers work together? This first session transforms the current situation into a visual object, a design artefact that embodies the elemental in the creation of maps to understand and evaluate scientific communities. Second Day - Use of the Maps The lecture proposes the use of maps to understand and evaluate scientific communities. As continuation of yesterday's lecture, the topic of the day is how to present elementary objects—which represents publications, teaching, grants and subjects of matters—in a map. Several maps will be shown, representing a precise scientific community inside the EPFL, but with the perspective to make them adaptable to other communities. Moreover, much attention will be dedicated to the reading and interpretation of these maps. Finally a web-based software will be introduced, to illustrate to members and managers of any given community the benefit of a visual representation of a scientific organisation.</p

Review on environmental models in the food chain - Current status and future perspectives

Diversity of food systems and their interaction with the environment has become a research topic for many years. Scientists use various models to explain environmental issues of food systems. This paper gives an overview of main streams in analyzing this topic. A literature review was performed by analyzing published scientific papers on environmental impacts in the food chain. The selection criteria were focused on different environmental approaches applied in the food chain and on the perspectives of future research. This review shows that on the one side there are generic environmental models developed by environmental scientists and as such applied on food. On the other side, there are models developed by food scientists in order to analyze food-environmental interactions. The environmental research in food industry can be categorized as product, process or system oriented. This study confirmed that the focus of product based approach is mainly performed through life-cycle assessments. The process based approach focuses on food processes such as heat transfer, cleaning and sanitation and various approaches in food waste management. Environmental systems in the food chain were the least investigated stream analyzing levels of environmental practices in place. Future research perspectives are the emerging challenges related to environmental impacts of novel food processing technologies, innovative food packaging and changes in diets and food consumption in connection with climate and environmental changes

A quantitative comparison of Overlapping and Non-overlapping sliding windows effects for human activity recognition using inertial sensors

The sliding window technique is widely used to segment inertial sensor signals, i.e., accelerometers and gyroscopes, for activity recognition. In this technique, the sensor signals are partitioned into fix-sized time windows which can be of two types: (1) non-overlapping windows, in which time windows do not intersect, and (2) overlapping windows, in which they do. There is a generalized idea about the positive impact of using overlapping sliding windows on the performance of recognition systems in Human Activity Recognition. In this thesis, we analyze the impact of overlapping sliding windows on the performance of Human Activity Recognition systems with different evaluation techniques, namely subject-dependent cross validation and subject-independent cross validation. Our results show that the performance improvements regarding to overlapping windowing reported in the literature seem to be associated with the underlying limitations of subject-dependent cross validation. Furthermore, we do not observe any performance gain from the use of such technique in conjunction with subject-independent cross validation. We conclude that when using subject-independent cross validation, non-overlapping sliding windows reach the same performance as sliding windows. This result has significant implications on the resource usage for training the human activity recognition systems