Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Toward an Animal Model of Gambling: Delay Discounting and the Allure of Unpredictable Outcomes

Laboratory investigations of gambling are sometimes criticized as lacking ecological validity because the stakes wagered by human subjects are not real or no real monetary losses are experienced. These problems may be partially addressed by studying gambling in laboratory animals. Toward this end, data are summarized which demonstrate that laboratory animals will work substantially harder and prefer to work under gambling-like schedules of reinforcement in which the number of responses per win is unpredictable. These findings are consistent with a delay discounting model of gambling which holds that rewards obtained following unpredictable delays are more valuable than rewards obtained following predictable delays. According to the delay discounting model, individuals that discount delayed rewards at a high rate (like pathological gamblers) perceive unpredictably delayed rewards to be of substantially greater value than predictable rewards. The reviewed findings and empirical model support the utility of studying animal behavior as an ecologically valid first-approximation of human gambling

Development of a One Week Delay Discounting Procedure For Use in the Nonhuman Laboratory

Color poster with text and graphs.The current study tested and compared results from three variations of delay discounting procedures – one that is widely reported in the literature, and two novel variations. The novel procedures were designed to assess choice behavior in 1-2 weeks. If these methods produce orderly and reliable results, then it could be beneficial to use these procedures in future delay discounting research.University of Wisconsin--Eau Claire Office of Research and Sponsored Program

Behavioral Applications Regarding Canines : Training Efforts to Increase the Adoptability of Canines

Color poster with text, images, and graphs.Behavioral Applications Regarding Canines (B.A.R.C.) is a competitive internship program run through UWEC’s Psychology Department. Our focus is to use positive behavioral interventions to increase adoptability. Of these interventions, one primary focus is to improve leash walking behavior as that is the first interaction potential adopters have with the canines.University of Wisconsin--Eau Claire Office of Research and Sponsored Programs

Assessing In-Kennel Behavior of Dogs as a Predictor of Length of Shelter Stay

Color poster with text, charts, and graphs.Approximately 3.9 million canines reside in animal shelters in the United States. Close to a fifth of these dogs will be euthanized due to a variety of reasons; some of these reasons are related to the dog’s behavior (e.g., aggression). Behavior modification programs have been shown to improve canine behavior while at the shelter and simultaneously increase adoptability and long-term placement potential. However, few studies have investigated what behavioral traits or skills significantly improve chances of adoption. The current study systematically replicates Protopopova and colleague’s (2014) research examining how certain canine behaviors can lead to faster or slower times to adoption. In doing so, we plan to address several perceived limitations in their original study by using novel adopters for each dog interaction and including male adopters for dog interactions. This study will also establish whether the results will generalize to a new shelter and population, specifically the canines at the Eau Claire County Humane Association (ECCHA).University of Wisconsin--Eau Claire Office of Research and Sponsored Program

Design, assembly and validation of the Filter Exchange System of LSSTCam

International audienceThe Filter Exchange System (FES) of the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera (LSSTCam) for the Vera C. Rubin Observatory has been integrated into the camera assembly before shipping to Chile. It holds five 75-cm filters weighing 25.5 to 38 kg. The main requirement for the FES is to perform each exchange in under 90s, with 100-μm positioning in the focal plane, while operating within the envelope of the camera body. The FES is split into three motorized subsystems: the Carousel stores the filters and rotates the selected filter to the standby position, the Autochanger moves the filter between the standby position and the focal plane, and the Loader can be mounted on the camera body to swap filters in and out during daytime, allowing the use of the full 6-filter set of LSSTCam. The locking mechanisms are also motorized, and their designs and qualifications account for seisms up to magnitude 7. Additional design constraints come from the temperature range at the Observatory and the cleanliness requirements for the filters and lenses. Programmable Logic Controllers enforce the safety equations of the system, and the control of the FES has been integrated into the overall Camera Control System software. After assembly of a full-scale prototype, the FES has been assembled and tested in France on a test-stand simulating telescope attitude, then integrated into the camera body at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. It meets its required performances, including an average exchange time of 83s

Association of Overlapping Surgery with Perioperative Outcomes

Importance: Overlapping surgery, in which more than 1 procedure performed by the same primary surgeon is scheduled so the start time of one procedure overlaps with the end time of another, is of concern because of potential adverse outcomes. Objective: To determine the association between overlapping surgery and mortality, complications, and length of surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective cohort study of 66430 operations in patients aged 18 to 90 years undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty; spine surgery; coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery; and craniotomy at 8 centers between January 1, 2010, and May 31, 2018. Patients were followed up until discharge. Exposures: Overlapping surgery (≥2 operations performed by the same surgeon in which ≥1 hour of 1 case, or the entire case for those <1 hour, occurs when another procedure is being performed). Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality or complications (major: thromboembolic event, pneumonia, sepsis, stroke, or myocardial infarction; minor: urinary tract or surgical site infection) and surgery duration. Results: The final sample consisted of 66430 operations (mean patient age, 59 [SD, 15] years; 31915 women [48%]), of which 8224 (12%) were overlapping. After adjusting for confounders, overlapping surgery was not associated with a significant difference in in-hospital mortality (1.9% overlapping vs 1.6% nonoverlapping; difference, 0.3% [95% CI,-0.2% to 0.7%]; P =.21) or risk of complications (12.8% overlapping vs 11.8% nonoverlapping; difference, 0.9% [95% CI,-0.1% to 1.9%]; P =.08). Overlapping surgery was associated with increased surgery length (204 vs 173 minutes; difference, 30 minutes [95% CI, 24 to 37 minutes]; P <.001). Overlapping surgery was significantly associated with increased mortality and increased complications among patients having a high preoperative predicted risk for mortality and complications, compared with low-risk patients (mortality: 5.8% vs 4.7%; difference, 1.2% [95% CI, 0.1% to 2.2%]; P =.03; complications: 29.2% vs 27.0%; difference, 2.3% [95% CI, 0.3% to 4.3%]; P =.03). Conclusions and Relevance: Among adults undergoing common operations, overlapping surgery was not significantly associated with differences in in-hospital mortality or postoperative complication rates but was significantly associated with increased surgery length. Further research is needed to understand the association of overlapping surgery with these outcomes among specific patient subgroups