PROCEDURE FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF TARTARIC AND CITRIC ACIDS AND TOTAL CARBONATE BY POTENTIOMETRIC TITRIMETRY AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANTACID ANALYSIS

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Direct determination of molybdenum in polyvitaminic tablets by voltammetry in non-aqueous media.

Adsorptive stripping voltammetry carried out in a homogeneous ternary solvent composed of N,N-dimethylformamide, water and ethanol, with alpha-benzoinoxime (alpha BO) as the complexing agent for Mo(VI) and a 0.5 mol L-1 acetic acid - sodium acetate buffer as supporting electrolyte was successfully used for the determination of molybdenum in polyvitamin-polymineral tablets. Tablet samples were analyzed and the results were compared with those obtained both by graphite furnace atomic absorption and by recovery tests, with good correlations. indicating that this may be considered as an alternative procedure for routine determination of Mo(VI) in pharmaceutical samples.29115315

THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC IMPLICATIONS INVOLVED IN THE TITRATION OF POLYFUNCTIONAL ACIDS BY CATALYTIC THERMOMETRIC TITRIMETRY

The influence of the concentration of reactants on the results of titrations of salicylic acid in acetone with potassium and tetramethylammonium hydroxides in propan-2-ol were investigated. The titrations were performed by catalytic thermometric titrimetry using acetone as the end-point indicator and by potentiometric titrimetry. These and other results are discussed in terms of the equilibrium and kinetic aspects involved in the titrations of polyfunctional acids capable of forming intramolecular hydrogen bonds.116994794

Clinical pattern of ocular toxoplasmosis treated in a referral centre in Serbia

Purpose To analyze the clinical pattern of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in a referral centre in Serbia. Patients and methods The medical records of consecutive patients admitted for OT to the single referral centre for uveitis in Serbia between 2006 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. OT was diagnosed on the basis of typical fundus lesions and positive serology for Toxoplasma. Results In a total of 457 uveitis patients, OT was the third leading cause, with 59 patients (12.9%). Most OT cases (73%) were monocular. An active primary retinal lesion was observed in 36% and recurrent OT in 64% patients. Localization of lesions was central/paracentral (44%), juxtapapillar (27%), peripheral (19%), and multifocal (10%). Other ocular manifestations of inflammation included vitritis (44%), anterior uveitis (19%), and retinal vasculitis (10%). Complications included choroidal neovascularization in two and exudative retinal detachment with cataract, glaucoma, and cystoid macular oedema in one patient each. The detection of Toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies in a single patient indicates a low rate of OT concomitant with acute infection. After treatment, the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased significantly. However, 14 (24%) patients ended up legally blind in the affected eye, of which 2 (3%) with bilateral blindness, all with a very poor BCVA (0.047 +/- 0.055) at presentation. Visual impairment and treatment outcome were both associated with central localization of lesions (P lt 0.0001 and P = 0.006, respectively). Conclusion OT is a significant cause of posterior uveitis in Serbia. Patients should be aware of the recurring nature of OT and react immediately if symptoms occur. Eye (2012) 26, 723-728; doi: 10.1038/eye.2012.20; published online 24 February 201

Annotated checklist of the birds of Brazil by the Brazilian ornithological records committee / Lista comentada das aves do Brasil pelo Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos

Since 2005, the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee (CBRO) has published updated checklists of Brazilian birds almost every year. Herein, we present a completely new and annotated version of our checklist. For the first time, we list all bird subspecies known from Brazil that are currently accepted by at least one key ornithological reference work. The inclusion of the subspecies should be seen as a synthesis, and not as a taxonomic endorsement. As such, we include in the new checklist 1919 avian species, 910 of which are treated as polytypic in reference works (2042 subspecies), totaling 3051 taxa at the species and subspecies level. We anticipate that several of the subspecies included in our list may be subject to future taxonomic upgrades to species status, while others will probably be shown to be invalid in the light of future taxonomic studies. The results highlight Brazil as a megadiverse country and reinforce the need for proper enforcement of political tools, laws and international commitments assumed by the country to preserve its biodiversity

Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700