26 research outputs found
Chromatin remodelling factor SMARCD2 regulates transcriptional networks controlling differentiation of neutrophil granulocytes
Biological influence of Hakai in cancer: a 10-year review
In order to metastasize, cancer cells must first detach from the primary tumor, migrate, invade through tissues, and attach to a second site. Hakai was discovered as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase that mediates the posttranslational downregulation of E-cadherin, a major component of adherens junctions in epithelial cells that is characterized as a potent tumor suppressor and is modulated during various processes including epithelialâmesenchymal transition. Recent data have provided evidences for novel biological functional role of Hakai during tumor progression and other diseases. Here, we will review the knowledge that has been accumulated since Hakai discovery 10Â years ago and its implication in human cancer disease. We will highlight the different signaling pathways leading to the influence on Hakai and suggest its potential usefulness as therapeutic target for cancer
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Toward an improved representation of middle atmospheric dynamics thanks to the ARISE project
This paper reviews recent progress toward understanding the dynamics of the middle atmosphere in the framework of the Atmospheric Dynamics Research InfraStructure in Europe (ARISE) initiative. The middle atmosphere, integrating the stratosphere and mesosphere, is a crucial region which influences tropospheric weather and climate. Enhancing the understanding of middle atmosphere dynamics requires improved measurement of the propagation and breaking of planetary and gravity waves originating in the lowest levels of the atmosphere. Inter-comparison studies have shown large discrepancies between observations and models, especially during unresolved disturbances such as sudden stratospheric warmings for which model accuracy is poorer due to a lack of observational constraints. Correctly predicting the variability of the middle atmosphere can lead to improvements in tropospheric weather forecasts on timescales of weeks to season. The ARISE project integrates different station networks providing observations from ground to the lower thermosphere, including the infrasound system developed for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty verification, the Lidar Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change, complementary meteor radars, wind radiometers, ionospheric sounders and satellites. This paper presents several examples which show how multi-instrument observations can provide a better description of the vertical dynamics structure of the middle atmosphere, especially during large disturbances such as gravity waves activity and stratospheric warming events. The paper then demonstrates the interest of ARISE data in data assimilation for weather forecasting and re-analyzes the determination of dynamics evolution with climate change and the monitoring of atmospheric extreme events which have an atmospheric signature, such as thunderstorms or volcanic eruptions
SEQUENTIAL AND SYNCHRONOUS SKIN PATTERN-FORMATION
Mathematical modelling has become a widely accepted method for examining how and why vertebrate skin structures are laid down in an orderly and organized fashion. Although various theoretical models have been proposed for examining the morphogenetic processes responsible for the large variety of patterns observed on animal skin, these processes are still not well understood. By examining a mechanochemical tissue interaction model based on recent experimental evidence we therefore hope to contribute towards the understanding of skin morphogenesis