Epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Realizou-se um estudo para caracterizar a situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado de São Paulo. O Estado foi estratificado em sete circuitos produtores de bovinos, e 150 rebanhos com atividade reprodutiva foram aleatoriamente selecionados em cada um deles. No total, foram amostrados 1.073 rebanhos. Foram aletoriamente coletadas amostras de soro de 10 ou 15 fêmeas bovinas com idade ³24 meses, totalizando 8.761 animais. Os soros foram submetidos a um protocolo de testes em série, tendo o teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado como método de triagem e o da fixação de complemento como confirmatório. A prevalência estimada de rebanhos com pelo menos um animal soropositivo foi de 9,7% [7,8-11,6%], enquanto a prevalência estimada de animais soropositivos foi de 3,8% [0,7-6,9%], no Estado. Em cada rebanho foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico para avaliar o grau de associação de possíveis fatores de risco (odds ratio, OR) com a doença. Propriedades com 87 ou mais bovinos (OR= 2,25) e compra de reprodutores (OR= 1,56) foram as variáveis mais associadas à condição de foco de brucelose. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ARQUIVOA study to characterize the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis in the State of São Paulo was carried out. The state was stratified in seven cattle production regions and 150 herds with reproductive activity were randomly selected within each one. A total of 1,073 herds were sampled. In a second stage, 10 or 15 cows older than 24 month age (in herds with <100 cows and herds ≥100 cows, respectively) were bled at random. A total of 8,761 animals were bled. Sera were tested using a serial testing procedure with the Rose Bengal test as the screening method and the Complement Fixation as the confirmatory method. The estimated prevalence of herds with at least one positive animal was 9.7% [7.8-11.6%], whereas the estimated prevalence of positive cattle was 3.8% [0.7-6.9%] in São Paulo State. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied in each farm, allowing the evaluation of the association of selected risk factors with the disease. The characteristics associated with the brucellosis infected herds were farms with more than 87 bovines (OR= 2.25) and introduction of breeding cattle (OR= 1.56)

Estratificação ambiental e otimização de rede de ensaios de genótipos de soja no Cerrado

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer uma estratificação ambiental consistente, para a recomendação e a avaliação de linhagens experimentais e cultivares de soja na região do Cerrado, a partir de análises da interação entre genótipos e ambientes (GxA) quanto à produtividade de grãos, além de avaliar a atual rede de ensaios de valor de cultivo e uso (VCU) para sua otimização. Os dados provieram de 559 ensaios de competição de linhagens de soja, realizados em 57 localidades, durante sete safras agrícolas (2002/2003 a 2008/2009). Realizaram-se análises conjuntas de variância, pelo modelo AMMI ("additive main effects and multiplicative interaction"), e de estratificação ambiental, pela abordagem correlata de "genótipos vencedores". A interação GxA foi sempre significativa, como resultado da resposta diferencial dos genótipos à variação ambiental. Os locais de teste se agruparam de modo diferente de acordo com os grupos de maturação. Observou-se redundância em 20% dos locais, o que indica a possibilidade de otimização da rede de ensaios, via eliminação ou substituição dessas localidades. A região-alvo deve receber estratificações distintas, congêneres a cada grupo de maturação, e pode ser dividida em 22 (ciclo precoce), 23 (ciclo médio) e 21 (ciclo tardio) estratos ambientais

J-PLUS: The javalambre photometric local universe survey

ABSTRACT: TheJavalambrePhotometric Local UniverseSurvey (J-PLUS )isanongoing 12-band photometricopticalsurvey, observingthousands of squaredegrees of theNorthernHemispherefromthededicated JAST/T80 telescope at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ). The T80Cam is a camera with a field of view of 2 deg2 mountedon a telescopewith a diameter of 83 cm, and isequippedwith a uniquesystem of filtersspanningtheentireopticalrange (3500–10 000 Å). Thisfiltersystemis a combination of broad-, medium-, and narrow-band filters, optimallydesigned to extracttherest-framespectralfeatures (the 3700–4000 Å Balmer break region, Hδ, Ca H+K, the G band, and the Mg b and Ca triplets) that are key to characterizingstellartypes and delivering a low-resolutionphotospectrumforeach pixel of theobservedsky. With a typicaldepth of AB ∼21.25 mag per band, thisfilter set thusallowsforanunbiased and accuratecharacterization of thestellarpopulation in our Galaxy, itprovidesanunprecedented 2D photospectralinformationforall resolved galaxies in the local Universe, as well as accuratephoto-z estimates (at the δ z/(1 + z)∼0.005–0.03 precisionlevel) formoderatelybright (up to r ∼ 20 mag) extragalacticsources. Whilesomenarrow-band filters are designedforthestudy of particular emissionfeatures ([O II]/λ3727, Hα/λ6563) up to z < 0.017, theyalsoprovidewell-definedwindowsfortheanalysis of otheremissionlines at higherredshifts. As a result, J-PLUS has thepotential to contribute to a widerange of fields in Astrophysics, both in thenearbyUniverse (MilkyWaystructure, globular clusters, 2D IFU-likestudies, stellarpopulations of nearby and moderate-redshiftgalaxies, clusters of galaxies) and at highredshifts (emission-line galaxies at z ≈ 0.77, 2.2, and 4.4, quasi-stellarobjects, etc.). Withthispaper, wereleasethefirst∼1000 deg2 of J-PLUS data, containingabout 4.3 millionstars and 3.0 milliongalaxies at r <  21mag. With a goal of 8500 deg2 forthe total J-PLUS footprint, thesenumbers are expected to rise to about 35 millionstars and 24 milliongalaxiesbytheend of thesurvey.Funding for the J-PLUS Project has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragón through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO; under grants AYA2017-86274-P, AYA2016-77846-P, AYA2016-77237-C3-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, AGAUR grant SGR-661/2017, and ICTS-2009-14), and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset