Антибіотик-асоційовані зміни крові у новонароджених

Мета. Метою дослідження було визначення шансів зниження клітин загального аналізу крові під час використання антибіотиків у новонароджених. Матеріали та методи. Усього було досліджено 46 новонароджених дітей, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні з основним діагнозом гіпоксично-ішемічна енцефалопатія. За гестаційним віком вони належали до груп пізнонедоношених і доношених. Новонароджені були поділені на 2 підгрупи. Група 1, основна, 25 дітей, які отримували антибіотики, група 2, контрольна група, 21 дитина, які не отримували антибіотики. У свою чергу, група 1 була розділена на дві підгрупи: група 1a, 16 новонароджених, які отримували 1 антибіотик та група 1b, 9 новонароджених, які отримували 2 антибіотики. Антибіотики вводилися у вікових дозах, внутрішньовенно, до них входили полісинтетичні пеніциліни, цефалоспоріни, аміногликозіди, карбапенеми, глікопептиди. Вивчалися особливості аналізу крові за основними показниками. Результати. Зазначено, що за загальними характеристиками новонароджені основної і контрольної груп були порівняні. При аналізі середніх значень показників крові було виявлено достовірне зниження еритроцитів, лейкоцитів та еритроцитів у групі новонароджених, які отримували антибіотики, порівняно з контрольною групою. Абсолютна кількість нейтрофілів була достовірно низькою для групи новонароджених, які отримували 2 антибіотики, відносно контрольної групи. Розрахунок відношення шансів показав наявність підвищених шансів зниження кількості клітин крові при призначенні антибактеріальної терапії. Найбільші шанси зниження рівня від нормативного виявлено для лейкоцитів – в 5,34 рази, еритроцитів – в 3,56 рази. Абсолютне число нейтрофілів знижувалося з найбільшими шансами при введенні 2 антибіотиків – в 22 рази. Висновок. Призначення антибактеріальної терапії призводить до зниження кількості еритроцитів, лейкоцитів, тромбоцитів. В найбільшої мірі це відзначалося для лейкоцитів та еритроцитів. Абсолютна кількість нейтрофілів найбільше значно знижувалася при використанні 2 антибіотиків.Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the chances of a decrease in CBC cells when using antibiotics in newborns. Materials and methods. A total of 46 newborn infants who were hospitalized with the main diagnosis of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were examined. By gestational age, they belonged to the late-preterm and term groups. The newborns were divided into 2 subgroups. Group 1 – main group: 25 children who received antibiotics; group 2 – control group: 21 children who did not receive antibiotics. Group 1 was divided into 2 subgroups: Group 1a, 16 newborns who received 1 antibiotic and Group 1b, 9 newborns who received 2 antibiotics. Antibiotics were administered at age-related doses, intravenously, including semi-synthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, glycopeptides. The features of the analysis of blood (CBC) were studied. Results. It was noted that in terms of general characteristics, the newborns of the main and control groups were comparable. When comparing the mean values of blood counts, a significant decrease in erythrocytes, leukocytes and erythrocytes was revealed in the group of newborns who received antibiotics in comparison with the control group. The absolute number of neutrophils was significantly lower in the group of newborns who received 2 antibiotics vs. the control group. The odds ratio calculation showed an increased risk of a decrease in cell levels with antibiotic therapy prescribed. Leukocytes were found to have the greatest chances of decreasing from the normative level ­– by 5.34 times, as well as erythrocytes – by 3.56 times. The absolute number of neutrophils decreased with the greatest chances when 2 antibiotics were administered – by 22 times. Conclusions. In general, the antibiotic therapy leads to a decrease in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets. This was most noted for leukocytes and erythrocytes. The absolute neutrophil count decreased most significantly with 2 antibiotics used

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

First measurement of Ωc0 production in pp collisions at s=13 TeV

The inclusive production of the charm–strange baryon 0 c is measured for the first time via its hadronic √ decay into −π+ at midrapidity (|y| &lt;0.5) in proton–proton (pp) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy s =13 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The transverse momentum (pT) differential cross section multiplied by the branching ratio is presented in the interval 2 &lt; pT &lt; 12 GeV/c. The pT dependence of the 0 c-baryon production relative to the prompt D0-meson and to the prompt 0 c-baryon production is compared to various models that take different hadronisation mechanisms into consideration. In the measured pT interval, the ratio of the pT-integrated cross sections of 0 c and prompt + c baryons multiplied by the −π+ branching ratio is found to be larger by a factor of about 20 with a significance of about 4σ when compared to e+e− collisions

Age features in protein’s composition modifications of the neurospecifical and glial intermediate filaments in different parts of the red’s brain depend on ionization radiation actions

In this work we compare the main changes in protein composition of intermediate filaments due to ionization radiation actions on old and yang rats. The objects of our investigation were 120 rats (60 old and 60 yangs). They were divided on groups in depend on ionization radiation action duration – 1 day, 1,2 and 3 week, and the control group. The action of ionization radiation was modeled with the help of “РУМ-17” in the fate 0,00129 Kl/kg. Brains were divided on parts (cortex, cerebellum, gypocamp), homogenized, centrifugised. The quantity of glial and neuronal filaments (NF) was defined by the rocket-lineal immunoelectrophoresis; immunoblotting with specific antibodies was used for qualitative changes defining. After ionization radiation action we observed no age features in protein composition of intermediate filaments. All changes were due to duration of the ionization radiation action. Main changes in neurofilaments were associated with decrease of 210 kDa subunit. Products of degradation (40 - 48 kDa) of fibrillar glial filaments were observed on the 2 week of experiment. There were biphasic changes in glial fibrillar acidic protein in cerebellum and gypocamp of yang and old rats

The influence of small dozes of ionizing radiations on a glial intermediate filament’s condition.

The purpose of research was to define changes of structure of glial intermediate filaments in different departments of a brain of rats, depending on term of an irradiation. For research 30 rats that have been divided into groups have been used, depending on term of an irradiation - 1 day, 1, 2 and 3 weeks, including control group. The x-ray irradiation was spent on installation РУМ-17 in a doze of 0, 0129 Kl/kg. A brain divided on departments (a bark of the big hemispheres, a cerebellum, and gypocampus), homogenizing, and centrifugation. Quantity glial and fibrillar sour fiber (GFSF) defined with the help rocket – linear electrophoresis. Under action ionizing low-dose radiations by us have been determined authentic changes of contents GFSF in all groups subjected to an irradiation. Intensity these changes revealed dependence on validity of radiation. Character of these changes in researched departments of a brain was identical. Change of the contents of soluble and sour form GFSF were independent from each other. Thus, the unitary irradiation during 7 day caused decrease in both fractions GFSF in gypocampus and a cerebellum while in a bark of the big hemispheres increase filaments fractions took place within the limits of 5-23 %. The irradiation during 14-21 day was accompanied by increase filaments forms GFSF in researched structures of a brain

Peculiarities of Histology teaching of foreign students in Bologna process

Since 2005 year Ukraine has been integrated in Bologna process. The aim of this process is to create a commonspace for higher education among all the European countries. It involves reformation of educational programs for every subjectincluding histology. But we need to take into account some features of foreign students, such as language barrier, andspecificity of the subject, such as microscopic sizes of the specimens. For this reason we suggest modifying the educationalprogram for foreign students. These modifications are: to create special albums for drawing; to create textbooks with the briefexplanation of the topics; to stimulate students to explain material to each other; to create database of lectures in electronvariant; to make a precise and detailed list of questions for every lesson. These innovations will help to facilitate educationalprocess for foreign students and optimize their time of practical lessons