351 research outputs found
Artroplastia total no cementada en la coxartrosis secundaria a displasia y luxación congenita de cadera
Se revisan 13 prótesis no cementadas implantadas en 12 paciente s que presentaban
una coxartrosis secundaria a una displasia congénita de cadera. Los paciente s
han sido seguidos más de 2 años de evolución. En todos los casos se utilizó la via de abordaje
postero-lateral. Se implantó siempre la prótesis tipo PCA procediéndose en 7 casos a la
realización, a nivel acetabular, de un alo o autoinjerto complementario. A nivel femoral se
utilizaron 7 vástagos estándar, 3 medianos y 3 largos para facilitar la restauración del centro
rotatorio original de la cadera. En los pacientes que presentaban una luxación importante
se llevaron a cabo osteotomías de acortamiento a nivel subtrocantérico. Los pacientes
han sido evaluados pre y post-operatoriamente tanto desde el punto de vista radiográfico
como clínico. Desde el punto de vista clínico, se obtuvieron 8 resultados excelentes, 3 buenos,
1 discreto y 1 malo. Todos los pacientes estaban plenamente satisfechos con el resultado
de la operación habiendo aumentado drásticamente su nivel de actividad. Solamente en
un caso fue necesario practicar una intervención de revisión a los 4 años de la artroplastia
primitiva, a causa de una grave osificación periprotésica. Solamente se tuvo una complicación
intraoperatoria consistente en una fractura de la diálisis femoral.Thirteen non-cemented hips prostheses implanted in 12 patients with an osteoartritis
secundar y to congenita l dislocation and dysplasi a of the hip wer e reviewed .
Patients had a more than 2 years follow-up. The postero-lateral surgical approach was employed
in all cases. On the acetabular side, we always used the PCA socket type. On the femoral
side we implanted a PCA standard stem in 7 cases, mid stem in 3 cases and a long
stem in 3. Acetabular bone autograft was added in 7 patients. In order to restore the original
center of rotacion of the hip, in patients with a severe dislocation we perfomed also a shortening
sub-trochanteric osteotomy; all the patients wer e evaluated pre and post-operatively
with two separate forms. The first regarding the clinical evaluation, the second for radiographic
assessment. All the patients were fully satisfied with the operation increasing dramatically
their activity level. We obtained 8 excellent results, 3 good, 1 fair and 1 poor. One case
required a revision for a severe heterotopic bone formation about 4 years after the first implant.
We had a diaphyseal femoral fracture as the sole inly an intraoperative complication
Investigation of Squaramide Catalysts in the Aldol Reaction En Route to Funapide
Funapide is a 3,3’-spirocyclic oxindole with promising analgesic activity. A reported pilot-plant scale synthesis of this chiral compound involves an asymmetric aldol reaction, catalyzed by a common bifunctional thiourea structure. In this work, we show that the swapping of the thiourea unit of the catalyst for a tailored squaramide group provides an equally active, but rewardingly more selective, catalyst for this aldol reaction (from 70.5 to 85 % ee). The reaction was studied first on a model oxindole compound. Then, the set of optimal conditions was applied to the target funapide intermediate. The applicability of these conditions seems limited to oxindoles bearing the 3-substituent of funapide. Exemplifying the characteristics of target-focused methodological development, this study highlights how a wide-range screening of catalysts and reaction conditions can provide non-negligible improvements in an industrially viable asymmetric transformation
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in a combined screening approach to individuate pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis
Objectives The DETECT algorithm has been developed to identify SSc patients at risk for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) yielding high sensitivity but low specificity, and positive predictive value. We tested whether cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) could improve the performance of the DETECT screening strategy. Methods Consecutive SSc patients over a 30-month period were screened with the DETECT algorithm and positive subjects were referred for CPET before the execution of right-heart catheterization. The predictive performance of CPET on top of DETECT was evaluated and internally validated via bootstrap replicates. Results Out of 314 patients, 96 satisfied the DETECT application criteria and 54 were positive. PAH was ascertained in 17 (31.5%) and pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension in 23 (42.6%) patients. Within CPET variables, the slope of the minute ventilation to carbon dioxide production relationship (VE/VCO2 slope) had the best performance to predict PAH at right-heart catheterization [median (interquartile range) of specificity 0.778 (0.714\u20130.846), positive predictive value 0.636 (0.556\u20130.750)]; exploratory analysis on pre-capillary yielded a specificity of 0.714 (0.636\u20130.8) and positive predictive value of 0.714 (0.636\u20130.8). Conclusion In association with the DETECT algorithm, CPET may be considered as a useful tool in the workup of SSc-related pulmonary hypertension. The sequential determination of the VE/VCO2 slope in DETECT-positive subjects may reduce the number of unnecessary invasive procedures without any loss in the capability to capture PAH. This strategy had also a remarkable performance in highlighting the presence of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension
HIV-1 mediated insertional activation of STAT5B promotes the formation of a viral reservoir in T regulatory cells
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Vaginal toxicity management in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer following exclusive chemoradiation—a nationwide survey on knowledge and attitudes by the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO) Gynecology Study Group
Background and Objective: Exclusive radiotherapy, including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and interventional radiotherapy/brachytherapy (IRT/BT), with concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy, represents the standard of care in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). The emerging topic of vaginal toxicity has become a key endpoint in LACC management, although different approaches and non-standardized procedures were available. Our aim was to analyze a nationwide study of the attitudes of Italian gynecological radiation oncology teams in the management of LACC patients' vaginal toxicities. Methods: A nationwide survey of radiation oncologists specializing in the treatment of gynecological malignancies was performed, using the free SurveyMonkey platform, consisting of 26 items. The questionnaire was proposed by the Italian Association of Radiation Oncologists (AIRO) gynecological working group to all 183 Italian radiation oncology institutions, as per AIRO's website. Results: Fifty-eight questionnaires (31%) were completed and returned. The assessment of acute and late vaginal toxicities was systematic in 32 (55.2%) and 26 (44.8%) centers, respectively. In the case of EBRT, 70.7% of centers, according to the contouring and treatment plan data, did not contour the vagina as an organ at risk (OAR). Vaginal dose constraints were heterogeneous for both EBRT and IRT/BT. Local treatment to prevent vaginal toxicity was prescribed by 60.3% of radiation oncologists, mostly vaginal hyaluronic acid cream, and one center recommended vaginal estrogen preparations. During follow-up visits, vaginal toxicity was considered an issue to be investigated always (n = 31) or in sexually active women only (n = 11). Conclusions: This survey showed that wide variation exists with regard to recording and treating vaginal toxicity after exclusive chemoradiation for cervical cancer, underscoring the need to develop more comprehensive guidelines for contouring e-dose reporting of the vagina, so as to implement clinical approaches for vaginal toxicity
Heparin prevents Zika virus induced-cytopathic effects in human neural progenitor cells
The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak, which mainly affected Brazil and neighbouring states, demonstrated the paucity of information concerning the epidemiology of several flaviruses, but also highlighted the lack of available agents with which to treat such emerging diseases. Here, we show that heparin, a widely used anticoagulant, while exerting a modest inhibitory effect on Zika Virus replication, fully prevents virus-induced cell death of human neural progenitor cells (NPCs)
Effects of Physical Exercise on Endothelial Function and DNA Methylation
Essential hypertension is the leading preventable cause of death in the world. Epidemiological studies have shown that physical training can reduce blood pressure ( BP), both in hypertensive and healthy individuals. Increasing evidence is emerging that DNA methylation is involved in alteration of the phenotype and of vascular function in response to environmental stimuli. We evaluated repetitive element and gene-specific DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes of 68 volunteers, taken before ( T0) and after ( T1) a three-month intervention protocol of continuative aerobic physical exercise. DNA methylation was assessed by bisulfite-PCR and pyrosequencing. Comparing T0 and T1 measurements, we found an increase in oxygen consumption at peak of exercise ( VO2peak) and a decrease in diastolic BP at rest. Exercise increased the levels of ALU and Long Interspersed Nuclear Element 1 ( LINE-1) repetitive elements methylation, and of Endothelin-1 ( EDN1), Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ( NOS2), and Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha ( TNF) gene-specific methylation. VO2peak was positively associated with methylation of ALU, EDN1, NOS2, and TNF; systolic BP at rest was inversely associated with LINE-1, EDN1, and NOS2 methylation; diastolic BP was inversely associated with EDN1 and NOS2 methylation. Our findings suggest a possible role of DNA methylation for lowering systemic BP induced by the continuative aerobic physical training program
Probable role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) in lung hypertension secondary to scleroderma
BACKGROUND Scleroderma, when complicated with pulmonary hypertension (PHT), presents a worse prognosis; recently treatment with new drugs seems to offer good perspectives, especially in early diagnosis and treatment. The standard approach for diagnosing PHT consists in measurement of the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) by means of echodoppler. AIM OF INVESTIGATION Aim of this work is evaluating the significance of the NT-proBNP parameter, matched to echodoppler, in diagnosing scleroderma PHT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty (60) patients, who came to observation for progressive systemic sclerosis underwent echodoppler in order to measure the PAP (normal values up to 30 mmHg). NT-proBNP was determined on serum sample using ECLIA method by Modular E170 (Roche Diagnostics); manufacturer reference values for age and gender were used. Forty-three (43) patients underwent a further NT-proBNP sampling 5 days later in order to assess parameter stability. RESULTS PHT and non- PHT patients showed statistically different (p < 0,001) medians (126 vs 69 pg/ml). No pathologic values of NT-proBNP were measured in the group with PAP < 30 mmHg, while 27% of cases who had PAP between 30 and 40 showed pathologic concentrations. The positivity ratio increases to 57% in patients showing PAP > 40 mmHg. No relevant correlation (r = 0,2) was found between PAP and NT-proBNP. Mean average between the two sampling groups was 31%. CONCLUSIONS In scleroderma patients, combination of NT-proBNP and PAP seems to improve the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension, especially in presence of borderline pulmonary pressure values. We therefore propose the biochemical observation of NT-proBNP when PAP is > 30 mmHg and in monitoring the evolution of the pathology
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