809 research outputs found
Administration in Architecture
112 pagesThis program study was born of ideas advanced in conference with the Chancellor of the State System. The chancellor, an able administrator himself, recognized the lack of, and the need for, administrators in the field of architecture. In times of emergency, or even in the normal course of events, architects may be called upon to become administrators. They mat in times of emergency be asked to devote their talents to large government undertakings, the proper execution of which would depend largely upon their ability to administer the project. It is also possible that in the normal pursuit of his profession the architect may find his office staff growing to a sizable number. This would demand that in order to preserve the standard of quality of his work and to ensure financial gain, the architect must be able to cope with the accompanying problems of administration. This thesis was undertaken to study this need
Properties of the ferrimagnetic double-perovskite A_{2}FeReO_{6} (A=Ba and Ca)
Ceramics of A_{2}FeReO_{6} double-perovskite have been prepared and studied
for A=Ba and Ca. Ba_{2}FeReO_{6} has a cubic structure (Fm3m) with 8.0854(1) \AA whereas Ca_{2}FeReO_{6} has a distorted monoclinic symmetry with
and
. The barium compound is metallic from 5 K to 385
K, i.e. no metal-insulator transition has been seen up to 385 K, and the
calcium compound is semiconducting from 5 K to 385 K. Magnetization
measurements show a ferrimagnetic behavior for both materials, with T_{c}=315 K
for Ba_{2}FeReO_{6} and above 385 K for Ca_{2}FeReO_{6}. A specific heat
measurement on the barium compound gave an electron density of states at the
Fermi level, N(E_{F}) equal to 6.1. At 5 K, we
observed a negative magnetoresistance of 10 % in a magnetic field of 5 T, but
only for Ba_{2}FeReO_{6}. Electrical, thermal and magnetic properties are
discussed and compared to the analogous compounds Sr_{2}Fe(Mo,Re)O_{6}.Comment: 5 pages REVTeX, 7 figures included, submitted to PR
Technology requirements of exploration beyond Neptune by solar sail propulsion
This paper provides a set of requirements for the technology development of a solar sail propelled Interstellar Heliopause Probe mission. The mission is placed in the context of other outer solar systems missions, ranging from a Kuiper Belt mission through to an Oort cloud mission. Mission requirements are defined and a detailed parametric trajectory analysis and launch date scan performed. Through analysis of the complete mission trade space a set of critical technology development requirements are identified which include an advanced lightweight composite High-Gain Antenna, a high-efficiency Ka-band travelling-wave tube amplifier and a radioisotope thermoelectric generator with power density of approximately 12 W/kg. It is also shown that the Interstellar Heliopause Probe mission necessitates the use of a spinning sail, limiting the direct application of current hardware development activities. A Kuiper Belt mission is then considered as a pre-curser to the Interstellar Heliopause Probe, while it is also shown through study of an Oort cloud mission that the Interstellar Heliopause Probe mission is the likely end-goal of any future solar sail technology development program. As such, the technology requirements identified to enable the Interstellar Heliopause Probe must be enabled through all prior missions, with each mission acting as an enabling facilitator towards the next
Thermal Expansion in 3d-Metal Prussian Blue Analogs - A Survey Study
We present a comprehensive study of the structural properties and the thermal
expansion behavior of 17 different Prussian Blue Analogs (PBAs) with
compositions MII3[(M')III(CN)6]2.nH2O and MII2[FeII(CN)6].nH2O, where MII = Mn,
Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn, (M')III = Co, Fe and n is the number of water molecules,
which range from 5 to 18 for these compounds. The PBAs were synthesized via
standard chemical precipitation methods, and temperature-dependent X-ray
diffraction studies were performed in the temperature range between -150oC (123
K) and room-temperature. The vast majority of the studied PBAs were found to
crystallize in cubic structures of space groups, and . The temperature
dependence of the lattice parameters was taken to compute an average
coefficient of linear thermal expansion in the studied temperature range. Of
the 17 compounds, 9 display negative values for the average coefficient of
linear thermal expansion, which can be as large as 39.7 x 10-6 K-1 for
Co3[Co(CN)6]2.12H2O. All of the MII3[CoIII(CN)6]2.nH2O compounds show negative
thermal expansion behavior, which correlates with the Irving-Williams series
for metal complex stability. The thermal expansion behavior for the PBAs of the
MII3[FeIII(CN)6]2.nH2O family are found to switch between positive (for M = Mn,
Co, Ni) and negative (M = Cu, Zn) behavior, depending on the choice of the
metal cation (M). On the other hand, all of the MII2[FeII(CN)6].nH2O compounds
show positive thermal expansion behavior.Comment: Submitted, 32 pages, 3 tables, 10 figure
Metallic and nonmetallic double perovskites: A case study of AFeReO (A= Ca, Sr, Ba)
We have investigated the structure and electronic properties of ferrimagnetic
double perovskites, A2FeReO6 (A= Ca, Sr, Ba). The A=Ba phase is cubic (Fm3m)
and metallic, while the A=Ca phase is monoclinic (P21/n) and nonmetallic.
57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy shows that iron is present mainly in the
high-spin (S=5/2) Fe3+ state in the Ca compound, while it occurs in an
intermediate state between high-spin Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the Ba compound. It is
argued that a direct Re t2g - Re t2g interaction is the main cause for the
metallic character of the Ba compound; the high covalency of Ca-O bonds and the
monoclinic distortion (which lifts the degeneracy of t2g states) seem to
disrupt the Re-Re interaction in the case of the Ca compound, making it
non-metallic for the same electron count.Comment: 1 eps fil
Searching for the Slater Transition in the Pyrochlore CdOsO with Infrared Spectroscopy
Infrared reflectance measurements were made on the single crystal pyrochlore
CdOsO in order to examine the transformations of the
electronic structure and crystal lattice across the boundary of the metal
insulator transition at . All predicted IR active phonons are
observed in the conductivity over all temperatures and the oscillator strength
is found to be temperature independent. These results indicate that charge
ordering plays only a minor role in the MIT and that the transition is strictly
electronic in nature. The conductivity shows the clear opening of a gap with
. The gap opens continuously, with a temperature
dependence similar to that of BCS superconductors, and the gap edge having a
distinct dependence. All of these
observables support the suggestion of a Slater transition in CdOsO.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Correlation-function spectroscopy of inelastic lifetime in heavily doped GaAs heterostructures
Measurements of resonant tunneling through a localized impurity state are
used to probe fluctuations in the local density of states of heavily doped
GaAs. The measured differential conductance is analyzed in terms of correlation
functions with respect to voltage. A qualitative picture based on the scaling
theory of Thouless is developed to relate the observed fluctuations to the
statistics of single particle wavefunctions. In a quantitative theory
correlation functions are calculated. By comparing the experimental and
theoretical correlation functions the effective dimensionality of the emitter
is analyzed and the dependence of the inelastic lifetime on energy is
extracted.Comment: 41 pages, 14 figure
Non-cubic layered structure of Ba(1-x)K(x)BiO3 superconductor
Bismuthate superconductor Ba(1-x)K(x)BiO3 (x=0.27-0.49, Tc=25-32K) grown by
an electrolysis technique was studied by electron diffraction and
high-resolution electron microscopy. The crystalline structure thereof has been
found to be non-cubic, of the layered nature, and non-centrosymmetric, with the
lattice parameters a ~ ap, c ~ 2ap (ap is a simple cubic perovskite cell
parameter) containing an ordered arrangement of barium and potassium. The
evidence for the layered nature of the bismuthate superconductor removes the
principal crystallographic contradiction between bismuthate and cuprate high-Tc
superconductors.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review B as a Rapid
Communicatio
Superconducting to spin glass state transformation in {\ss}-pyrochlore KxOs2O6
{\ss}-pyrochore KOs2O6, which shows superconductivity below ~ 9.7K, has been
converted into KxOs2O6 (x < 2/3 - 1/2) electrochemically to show spin
glass-like behavior below ~ 6.1K. Room temperature sample surface potential
versus charge transfer scan indicates that there are at least two two-phase
regions for x between 1 and 0.5. Rattling model of superconductivity for the
title compound has been examined using electrochemical potassium
de-intercalation. The significant reduction of superconducting volume fraction
due to minor potassium reduction suggests the importance of defect and phase
coherence in the rattling model. Magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, and
specific heat measurement results have been compared between the
superconducting and spin glass-like samples.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, 1 tabl
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