Comparison of hierarchical temporal memories and artificial neural networks under noisy data

The ability of two different machine learning approaches to map non-linear problems from experimental data is evaluated under controlled experiments. A well-known machine learning algorithm (Artificial Neural Network) is compared against a new computing paradigm (Hierarchical Temporal Memory) under a controlled scenario. The chosen scenario is the detection of impacts in a cantilever beam under vibration instrumented with fiber Bragg gratings. The main characteristics of both of the machine learning approaches are analyzed while varying environmental parameters such as the number of sensing points and their location. From the achieved results some clues can be extracted regarding dealing with noisy or partial data using different machine learning approaches

Photospheric structure of an extended penumbra

The photospheric structure of an extended penumbra belonging to a complex spot observed near disk center is investigated by means of the inversion of the full Stokes vector of two Fe I lines at 1.56 μm. An attempt is made to classify the observed Stokes V profiles in terms of their shapes. It turns out that about 28% of the profiles have abnormal shapes indicative of two different magnetic-field components within the resolution element. The spatial distribution of abnormal Stokes V profiles is studied. It is found that such profiles are evenly distributed in the penumbra, without any particular tendency to concentrate near the so-called neutral line. Anomalous profiles are not only seen in the outer penumbra and beyond, but also in the middle part of it. A Milne-Eddington–like inversion is carried out first, revealing a smooth picture of the spatial distribution of magneticfield vector and velocities along the line of sight. In particular, dark spines with stronger and more vertical magnetic fields are seen to coexist with nearly horizontal magnetic fields throughout the penumbra. A full inversion allowing for gradients of the atmospheric parameters along the line of sight indicates the existence of cool magnetic tubes returning back to the solar surface (inclination angles greater than 90◦) and carrying the largest material flows

Sampled Fiber Bragg Grating spectral synthesis

In this paper, a technique to estimate the deformation profile of a Sampled Fiber Bragg Grating (SFBG) is proposed and experimentally verified. From the SFBG intensity reflection spectrum, any arbitrary longitudinal axis deformation profile applied to a SFBG is estimated. The synthesis algorithm combines a custom defined error metric to compare the measured and the synthetic spectra and the Particle Swarm Optimization technique to get the deformation profile. Using controlled deformation profiles, the proposed method has been successfully checked by means of simulated and experimental tests. The results obtained under different controlled cases show a remarkable repetitiveness (< 50 με) and good spatial accuracy (< 1 mm).This work has been supported by the project TEC2010-20224-C02-02 and grant AP2009-1403

LanderPick, a Remote Operated Trawled Vehicle to cost-effectively deploy and recover lightweight oceanographic landers

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Pd-(L)1 inhibitors as monotherapy for the first-line treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer patients with high pd-l1 expression : A network meta-analysis

Altres ajuts: RocheProgrammed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has emerged as a potential biomarker for selec-tion of patients more likely to respond to immunotherapy and as a prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this network meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of first-line anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients with high PD-L1 expression (≥50%) compared to platinum-based chemotherapy. We also evaluated efficacy outcomes according to tumor mutational burden (TMB). To that end, we conducted a systematic review. Six clinical trials with 2111 patients were included. In head-to-head comparisons, immunotherapy showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS: HRpooled = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.52-0.90, p = 0.007), overall survival (OS: HRpooled = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.61-0.78; p < 0.001) and overall response rate (ORR) (Risk ratio (RR)pooled = 1.354, 95% CI: 1.04-1.762, p = 0.024). In the assessment of relative efficacy for PFS through indirect comparisons, pembrolizumab (results from KEYNOTE-024) ranked highest followed by cemiplimab and atezolizumab, with statistical significance determined for some of the drugs. In terms of OS, cemiplimab ranked highest followed by atezolizumab and pembrolizumab, although non-significant OS was determined for these drugs. In conclusion, PD-(L)1 inhibitor mon-otherapy improves efficacy outcomes in the first line setting of advanced NSCLC patients with high PD-L1 expression. Evaluations with longer follow up are still needed to determine the superiority of any specific drug

Wavelength-switchable L-band fiber laser assisted by random reflectors

A wavelength-switchable L-band erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) assisted by an artificially controlled backscattering (ACB) fiber reflector is here presented. This random reflector was inscribed by femtosecond (fs) laser direct writing on the axial axis of a multimode fiber with 50 μm core and 125 μm cladding with a length of 17 mm. This microstructure was placed inside a surgical syringe to be positioned in the center of a high-precision rotation mount to accurately control its angle of rotation. Only by rotating this mount, three different output spectra were obtained: a single wavelength lasing centered at 1574.75 nm, a dual wavelength lasing centered at 1574.75 nm and 1575.75 nm, and a single wavelength lasing centered at 1575.5 nm. All of them showed an optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of around 60 dB when pumped at 300 mW

Patients at high risk of suicide before and during a COVID-19 lockdown: ecological momentary assessment study

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak may have affected the mental health of patients at high risk of suicide. In this study we explored the wish to die and other suicide risk factors using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in patients with a history of suicidal thoughts and behaviour. Contrary to our expectations we found a decrease in the wish to die during lockdown. This is consistent with previous studies showing that suicide rates decrease during periods of social emergency. Smartphone-based EMA can allow us to remotely assess patients and overcome the physical barriers imposed by lockdown

La Salud en la Puna Argentina.

La Salud constituye un derecho de todos, independientemente de la condición socioeconómica o la situación geográfica, donde está implicado el Estado como los sectores desde donde no tan solo se “cura”, sino donde la obligación es defender y fomentar la Salud de la población, con acciones, conocimientos y estrategias que “previenen”. La salud constituye sólo un enunciado cuando nos referimos a las posibilidades con las que cuentan las comunidades aborígenes collas en la Provincia de Jujuy, resultando difícil para los profesionales de la salud llegar a estas comunidades vulnerables (Pastos Chicos, Puesto Sei, El Toro, Olaroz Chico, etc.). Este programa tiene como objetivo generar espacios de interdisciplina, a través de actividades de atención y promoción de la salud. Está dentro de un programa marco “Grupo Misionero TOLA”, equipo integrado por médicos, odontólogos, profesores de educación física, estudiantes, creando un sentido solidario de servicio y responsabilidad con estas comunidades. El objetivo del programa es realizar actividades preventivas-educativas a cargo de profesionales de la salud, a fin de fomentar conductas saludables en la comunidad mediante talleres integrados, formando a la misma y capacitando al agente sanitario como mediadores para la promoción de la salud. Se llevan a cabo actividades preventivas-terapéuticas que consisten en la enseñanza de higiene oral, la aplicación del Tratamiento de Restauración Atraumático. Además se realizan juegos recreativos y educativos a cargo de profesores de educación física y jóvenes promoviendo la expresión creativa, favoreciendo la creación de vínculos y generando un espacio de entretenimiento y distención y actividades de difusión a través de la radio 100.1 FM LA VOZ DE PASTOS CHICOS. Traspasar límites geográficos resulta muy positivo ya que permite el contacto con poblaciones de diversas condiciones socio-culturales y posibilita poner en práctica distintas maneras de crear conciencia sobre la importancia de mantener la salud general y bucal