Thermal effect of wind generation on conventional generator in a microgrid

In order to reduce CO2 emissions, which is one of the key strategy in combatting global warming, development of wind energy technology as source of renewable energy has become more important globally. However, the variability of the wind speeds leads to the intermittent nature of wind power generation. The conventional generators in the system must be able to compensate this fluctuation to maintain system stability and meet the load demand in the grid. This in turn may increase the temperature of the conventional generators beyond what normally occurs without wind generation in the grid. The aim of the paper is to inestigate the effect of thermal heating of the generators due to the variable output of wind generation in different time of the year in a microgrid by proposing proper modelling in the simulation. The simulations are done in 24 hours period in four different time of the years corresponding to different seasons of the year

Kondisi Migrasi Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) di Indonesia

Sejalan dengan pertumbuhan industri Internet di Indonesia tersebut, maka kebutuhan akan alamat Internet Protocol (IP) juga pasti meningkat. Operator Internet akan membutuhkan alamat IP untuk mengembangkan layanannya hingga ke seluruh pelosok negeri. Saat ini, jaringan Internet di Indonesia berikut perangkat-perangkat pendukungnya hingga di tingkat end user masih menggunakan Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). Kenyataan yang dihadapi dunia sekarang adalah menipisnya persediaan alamat IPv4 yang dialokasikan. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah alamat yang dapat didukung oleh IPv4 adalah 232 bits, sedangkan data terakhir didapatkan bahwa alokasi IPv4 telah habis dialokasikan pada akhir April 2011 di tingkat Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), organisasi yang mengelola sumberdaya protokol Internet dunia. Untuk mempercepat migrasi, stakeholder internet di Indonesia yaitu Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika dan Industri Penyelenggara Internet membentuk ID-IPv6TF. Dalam studi ini, ditemukan bahwa implementasi IPv6 di Indonesia termasuk dalam kategori baik dibandingkan dengan negara lain di dunia. Namun, terlihat bahwa perkembangan ini masih sporadis dengan kurangnya peran koordinator, serta sosialiasi ke masyarakat yang tidak ada

Synthesis of ethyl acetate employing celite-immobilized lipase of Bacillus cereus MTCC 8372

A wide range of fatty acid esters can be synthesized by esterification and transesterification reactions catalyzed by lipases in non-aqueous systems. In the present study, immobilization of a purified alkaline extra-cellular lipase of Bacillus cereus MTCC 8372 by adsorption on diatomaceous earth (celite) for synthesis of ethyl acetate via transesterification route was investigated. B. cereus lipase was deposited on celite (77% protein binding efficiency) by direct binding from aqueous solution. Immobilized lipase was used to synthesis of ethyl acetate from vinyl acetate and ethanol in n -nonane. Various reaction conditions, such as biocatalyst concentration, substrates concentration, choices of solvents ( n -alkanes), incubation time, temperature, molecular sieves (3&Aring; &times; 1.5 mm), and water activity(a w ), were optimized. The immobilized lipase (25 mg/ml) was used to perform transesterification in n -alkane(s) that resulted in approximately 73.7 mM of ethyl acetate at 55 &deg;C in n -nonane under shaking (160 rpm) after 15 h, when vinyl acetate and ethanol were used in a equimolar ratio (100 mM each). Addition of molecular sieves (3&Aring; &times; 1.5 mm) as well as effect of water activity of saturated salt solutions (KI, KCl and KNO 3 ) to the transesterification efficiency has inhibitory effect. Batch operational stability tests indicated that immobilized lipase had retained 50% of its original catalytic activity after four consecutive batches of 15 h each.<br /

In vitro responses of dracaena fragrans cv. massangeana to growth regulators

In vitro studies on Dracaena fragrans cv. Massangeana revealed that young stem segments were capable of proliferating shoots on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing different combinations and concentrations of BAP and NAA. Highest percentage of explants forming shoots was obtained on medium supplemented with 3.0 mgll BAP and 0.1 mgll NAA. The highest number ofshoots per explant occurred on medium containing 2.0 mgll BAP only. Highest percentage of callus formation and highest mean fresh weight of callus from young stem segments were achieved on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgll2,4-D. Adventitious rooting occurred after transferring excised shoots onto a hormone-free MS medium. Rooting was 100% for shoots derived from media with 0-2.0 mg/l BAP and a relatively low concentration of NAA (0.1 mg/l)

Pengaruh Terapi Musik Lullaby terhadap Heart Rate, Respiration Rate, Saturasi Oksigen pada Bayi Prematur

Premature infants assisted with breathing apparatus should be in calm condition so that there is synchronization between the baby's breath and the breathing apparatus manifested by changes in heart rate, respiration rate and oxygen saturation. One way to make babies calm during the use of breathing aids is the provision of lullaby music therapy. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of lullaby music therapy on heart rate, respiration rate and oxygen saturation in premature infants with breathing apparatus. This study used quasi experiment design with pre-post test without control group to 22 preterm babies selected by non probability sampling technique via purposive approach with criteria of infant with breathing apparatus, gestational age 24-36 weeks, no ischemic hypoxic ensepalofati. Samples taken were heart rate measurement, respiration rate and oxygen saturation before lullaby music therapy was given and after lullaby was given for 3 days. Data analysis used was t test dependent. The statistical results showed the difference in heart rate, respiration rate and oxygen saturation on the first day before lullaby music therapy was administered compared to the third day after lullaby music therapy was administered with a pvalue value <0.05 for heart rate, pvalue <0.05 for respiration rate and p value <0.05 for oxygen saturation. The provision of lullaby music was proven to make premature babies at peace and could be provided in other baby care unit with breathing support as an effort to sustain peace for premature babies

Microbial lipases : at the interface of aqueous and non-aqueous media: a review

In recent times, biotechnological applications of microbial lipases in synthesis of many organic molecules have rapidly increased in non-aqueous media. Microbial lipases are the working horses\u27 in biocatalysis and have been extensively studied when their exceptionally high stability in non-aqueous media has been discovered. Stability of lipases in organic solvents makes them commercially feasibile in the enzymatic esterification reactions. Their stability is affected by temperature, reaction medium, water concentration and by the biocatalyst\u27s preparation. An optimization process for ester synthesis from pilot scale to industrial scale in the reaction medium is discussed. The water released during the esterification process can be controlled over a wide range and has a profound effect on the activity of the lipases. Approaches to lipase catalysis like protein engineering, directed evolution and metagenome approach were studied. This review reports the recent development in the field of non-aqueous microbial lipase catalysis and factors controlling the esterification/transesterification processes in organic media

Multisystem proteinopathy due to a homozygous p.Arg159His VCP mutation : a tale of the unexpected

ObjectiveTo assess the clinical, radiologic, myopathologic, and proteomic findings in a patient manifesting a multisystem proteinopathy due to a homozygous valosin-containing protein gene (VCP) mutation previously reported to be pathogenic in the heterozygous state.MethodsWe studied a 36-year-old male index patient and his father, both presenting with progressive limb-girdle weakness. Muscle involvement was assessed by MRI and muscle biopsies. We performed whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing for segregation analysis of the identified p.Arg159His VCP mutation. To dissect biological disease signatures, we applied state-of-the-art quantitative proteomics on muscle tissue of the index case, his father, 3 additional patients with VCP-related myopathy, and 3 control individuals.ResultsThe index patient, homozygous for the known p.Arg159His mutation in VCP, manifested a typical VCP-related myopathy phenotype, although with a markedly high creatine kinase value and a relatively early disease onset, and Paget disease of bone. The father exhibited a myopathy phenotype and discrete parkinsonism, and multiple deceased family members on the maternal side of the pedigree displayed a dementia, parkinsonism, or myopathy phenotype. Bioinformatic analysis of quantitative proteomic data revealed the degenerative nature of the disease, with evidence suggesting selective failure of muscle regeneration and stress granule dyshomeostasis.ConclusionWe report a patient showing a multisystem proteinopathy due to a homozygous VCP mutation. The patient manifests a severe phenotype, yet fundamental disease characteristics are preserved. Proteomic findings provide further insights into VCP-related pathomechanisms

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Portofolio Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Dan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Fkip Unram Mata Kuliah Review Curriculum and Content of Mathematics

: This study aims to implement a portfolio-based learning model that can improve the activity and student learning achievements on Review Curriculum and Content of Mathematics courses of the fourth semester mathematics education in FKIP Mataram University academic year 2011/2012. The steps taken in the portfolio-based learning are: identifying the problem, selecting issues for classroom study, gather information, create a class portfolio, portfolio presentation and reflection on learning experiences to draw conclusions and evaluation. Action research was carried out in 3 cycles. The results showed that an increase in the average value from cycle 1 to cycle 3, which is 68.46; 78.65, and 77.5. Mastery learning from cycle 1 to cycle 3 respectively are 87.5%, 100% and 95.83%. In cycle 1, the mean score of students' learning activities is 3.29 and 3.42 with active category,. in cycle 2, the mean score is 3.94 and 3.82 with a very active category, and the third cycle, the mean scor is 4 with very active category. From these results it can be concluded that by applying the portfolio based learning models can enhance the activity and student learning achievements of the fourth semester on Curriculum Review and Content of Mathematics course

Pengaruh Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi terhadap Sikap Petani dalam Penerapan Padi Sawah System Of Rice Intensification (Sri) (Studi Kasus: Desa Pematang Setrak, Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sikap petani terhadap SRI (System of Rice Intensification), untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik sosial ekonomi petani (umur, tingkat pendidikan, jumlah tanggungan, lamanya berusahatani dan pendapatan) terhadap sikap petani dalam penerapan SRI (System of Rice Intensification), untuk mengetahui pengaruh bantuan pemerintah terhadap sikap petani dalam penerapan SRI (System of Rice Intensification). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan skala likert dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2013 di desa Pematang Setrak, kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu, kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 petani sampel, jumlah petani yang menyatakan sikap positif sebanyak 19 orang (63,33%), dan yang menyatakan sikap negatif sebanyak 11 orang (36,67%). Secara serempak menunjukkan bahwa dari keseluruhan variabel bebas memberikan pengaruh yang tidak nyata terhadap sikap petani. Secara parsial variabel pendapatan berpengaruh nyata terhadap sikap petani di daerah penelitian

Thermal wave resonant cavity technique in measuring thermal diffusivity of sucrose solution

The thermal-wave resonant cavity technique has been used to measure thermal diffusivity of sucrose solution with precision up to three-significant-figure. The thermal diffusivity of the solution decreases linearly with the increase of sucrose weight percentage and agrees to the simple mixture rule in the range up to a saturated point. Also the solution thermal diffusivity varies linearly with square FWHM. The thermal diffusivity value of water is very close to the literature value