Comparación en las estructuras de colaboración y pautas de citación entre áreas científicas a través del ARS

Esta investigación se enmarca en los estudios sociométricos de literatura científica. En concreto en la aplicación del análisis de redes a la colaboración científica y las pautas de citación entre investigadores para comparar tres áreas temáticas: psiquiatría, psicología general y psicología experimental. Los objetivos son aplicar el análisis de redes para acotar universos de conocimiento independientes pero lo suficientemente próximos y relacionados como para estudiarlos en paralelo, buscar sus similitudes y diferencias en base a los indicadores bibliométricos y de red obtenidos. Se concluye que el análisis de redes aplicado a los sistemas de clasificación de las bases de datos es útil para acotar universos de conocimiento que trascienden los propios sistemas de clasificación siempre más simplistas; que los gráficos de redes permiten objetivar grupos de trabajo y dinámicas en ellos que de otro modo sería difícil descubrir, para ello resulta además especialmente útil superponer las redes de colaboración con las de citas puesto que las primeras representan relaciones explícitas y las segundas relaciones implícitas, pero ambas sirven para posicionar autores y grupos entre sí. Finalmente, se apunta la necesidad de una flexibilización en los indicadores de seguimiento y evaluación de las diferentes áreas científicas, que tenga en cuenta las características propias de las diversas disciplinas, también la idoneidad de la obtención de nuevos indicadores basados no tanto en la producción de autores estudiados unitariamente como su capacidad de intermediación con otros actores, es decir, de articulación del sistema de investigación.This research is framed in sociometric studies above bibliography. In particular, in the application of social Networks to co authorship, and the patterns of citation between researchers, focused in comparison of Psychiatry and Psychology and areas. The objectives are: the application of social network analysis to retrieval information in a multidisciplinary database, due to subject headings lists are considered to be insufficient and inflexible to describe relationship between sciences; and the establishment of similarities and differences between the three areas according to bibliometric and network indicators. The Social Network analysis used in this work to select scientific articles of a discipline avoids the rigidity of retrieval information based in a preselected set of subjects that never explains the overlapping and that could to mutilate extensions of some of them or just simply to produce silence before incipient relations. Also, network graphs show working groups that otherwise would be difficult to discover. In addition, it is especially useful to superpose networks of co authorship with those of cited references patterns because the first represent explicit relations and the second one represent implicit relations, but both serve to compare each author or group to the others. And finally, the necessity of an adaptation of the monitoring and evaluation indicators of the different scientific areas is indicated, which considers the own characteristics of the diverse disciplines, and they must be based not as much in the productivity of authors studied unitarily as its capacity of intermediation with other actors and their capacity of articulation of the research system

Exposición a la pornografía y su influencia en la asertividad sexual

Treball Final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs: 2019/2020Pornography has been more available since the arrival of the Internet, broadband networks and smartphones. Pornography exposure may lead to negative psychological and behavioral consequences. Besides, sexual assertion plays a role against risky sexual behaviour, sexual abuse and victimization. The aim of this study is to analyze the relation between wanted and unwanted exposure to pornography and sexual assertion.La pornografía se ha vuelto más accesible desde la llegada de internet, la banda ancha y los teléfonos inteligentes. La exposición a la pornografía puede tener consecuencias psicológicas y conductuales negativas. Por otra parte, la asertividad sexual actúa como factor de protección ante conductas sexuales de riesgo, abusos y victimización sexual. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la relación entre la voluntaria e involuntaria exposición a la pornografía y la asertividad sexual

Natural expansion versus translocation in a previously human-persecuted bird of prey

Many threatened species in Europe have been expanding their distributions during recent decades owing to protection measures that overcome historical human activity that has limited their distributions. Range expansion has come about via two processes, natural expansion from existing range and reintroductions to new ranges. Reintroductions may prove to be a better way to establish populations because individuals are less subject to competitive relationships lowering breeding success than individuals expanding from existing populations. Whether this is true, however, remains uncertain. We compared success of breeding pairs of an expanding and a reintroduced population of spanish imperial eagles monitored for over 15 years in the south of Spain. We found significant differences in productivity between breeding pairs of each population. Newly established territories in reintroduction areas were almost three times more productive than new territories established as individuals expanded out from an existing population. We conclude that among these eagle populations reintroduced to new areas may fare as well or better than individuals expanding out form existing populations

Habitat use by juvenile Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos in Spain

Dispersing juvenile Golden Eagles are habitat generalists that do not regularly use temporary settlements.Conselleria de Territori i Habitatge of the Generalitat Valenciana and the Spanish Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. P. López-López is supported by an FPU grant of the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (reference AP2005-0874)

Markov models of territory occupancy: Implications for the management and conservation of competing species

Markov chains have been frequently used in community ecology to model successional changes, but little attention has been paid to its application in population ecology as a tool to explore the outcomes of species interactions. Markov models can be regarded as >null models> that provide predicted values under a no-change scenario against which the consequences of changes in variables of interest can be assessed. Here we explore Markov chains' potential to project population trends of competing species and derive sensible management strategies. To do that we use six years of field data on territory occupancy and turn-over of two competing top predators in a Mediterranean landscape: the golden and Bonelli's eagles. The results suggest that long-term coexistence of both species in the study area is likely, with the main limitation for their coexistence being the difficulties Bonelli's eagles have in colonising new territories that become available. To avoid future declines in the population of Bonelli's eagle, it is important to take into account that the positive effects of conservation strategies focused on encouraging colonization (e.g. decreasing disperser mortality) are likely to be larger than those focused on avoiding territory abandonment (e.g. decreasing adult mortality). Markov chains are likely to be useful to evaluate the relative merit of alternative management options in other territorial species when patterns of territory occupancy are the only reliable data available, as often happens with large predators. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.Peer Reviewe

Habitat use by juvenile Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos in Spain

Capsule Dispersing juvenile Golden Eagles are habitat generalists that do not regularly use temporary settlements. © 2008 British Trust for Ornithology.Peer Reviewe

Clinical Assessment and Imaging of Two Preservation Techniques of Alveolar Ridge Post Exodontia

Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.RESUMEN: Ninguna técnica de preservación alveolar ha logrado conservar totalmente las dimensiones iniciales del reborde, luego de la extracción dentaria. Se ha reportado falta de evidencia científica y de estudios prospectivos que utilicen los alvéolos post exodoncia como control. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar clínica e imagenológicamente las variaciones dimensionales del reborde óseo utilizando diferentes técnicas de preservación alveolar en un periodo de 6 a 8 semanas post exodoncia. Se recolectaron 10 pacientes con indicación de exodoncia de cuatro premolares por indicación de ortodoncia, usando un diseño de maxilares divididos. Un lado experimental (dos alvéolos) y el otro lado como control (dos alvéolos). Se observó que existieron diferencias significativas (p<0,05) de reabsorción ósea entre el grupo experimental superior con el grupo control superior. El 33,3% se los alvéolos experimentales presentaron algún tipo de exposición de membrana oclusiva, siendo la más frecuente la Matriz Dérmica Acelular (50%). La técnica de exodoncia mínimamente traumática es la forma más simple y económica de preservar el reborde alveolar. No fue posible determinar cuál técnica es más eficiente para conservar las dimensiones del reborde alveolar.http://ref.scielo.org/j9r2g

MPI+X: task-based parallelization and dynamic load balance of finite element assembly

The main computing tasks of a finite element code(FE) for solving partial differential equations (PDE's) are the algebraic system assembly and the iterative solver. This work focuses on the first task, in the context of a hybrid MPI+X paradigm. Although we will describe algorithms in the FE context, a similar strategy can be straightforwardly applied to other discretization methods, like the finite volume method. The matrix assembly consists of a loop over the elements of the MPI partition to compute element matrices and right-hand sides and their assemblies in the local system to each MPI partition. In a MPI+X hybrid parallelism context, X has consisted traditionally of loop parallelism using OpenMP. Several strategies have been proposed in the literature to implement this loop parallelism, like coloring or substructuring techniques to circumvent the race condition that appears when assembling the element system into the local system. The main drawback of the first technique is the decrease of the IPC due to bad spatial locality. The second technique avoids this issue but requires extensive changes in the implementation, which can be cumbersome when several element loops should be treated. We propose an alternative, based on the task parallelism of the element loop using some extensions to the OpenMP programming model. The taskification of the assembly solves both aforementioned problems. In addition, dynamic load balance will be applied using the DLB library, especially efficient in the presence of hybrid meshes, where the relative costs of the different elements is impossible to estimate a priori. This paper presents the proposed methodology, its implementation and its validation through the solution of large computational mechanics problems up to 16k cores

COMPARISON ON TRAVEL SCHEDULING BETWEEN DRIVING AND WALKING TRIPS BY HABITUAL CAR USERS

Research on walking behavior has become increasingly more important in the field of transportation in the past decades. However, the study of the factors influencing the scheduling decisions related to walking trips and the exploration of the differences between travel modes has not been conducted yet. This paper presents a comparison of the scheduling and rescheduling decisions associated with car driving trips and walking trips by habitual car users using a data set collected in Valencia (Spain) in 2010. Bivariate probit models with sample selection are used to accommodate the influence of pre-planning on the decision to execute a travel as pre-planned or not. The explicative variables considered are: socio-economic characteristics of respondents, travel characteristics, and facets of the activity executed at origin and at destination including the scheduling decisions associated with them. The results demonstrate that a significant correlation exists between the choices of pre-planning and rescheduling for both types of trips. Whether for car driving or walking trips, the scheduling decisions associated with the activity at origin and at destination are the most important explicative factors of the trip scheduling and rescheduling decisions. However, the rescheduling of trips is mainly influenced by modifications in the activity at destination. Some interesting differences arise regarding the rescheduling decision processes between travel modes: if pre-planned, walking trips are less likely to be modified than car driving trips, showing a more rigid rescheduling behavior.We would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for funding the research project PEATON-TRA2011-27415.Ferrer López, S.; Ruiz Sánchez, T. (2016). COMPARISON ON TRAVEL SCHEDULING BETWEEN DRIVING AND WALKING TRIPS BY HABITUAL CAR USERS. 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