Música, espacios y mecenas: El palacio de los Condes de Miranda en Peñaranda de Duero (c.1510 - c.1550)

Francisco de Zúñiga, Conde de Miranda, debió ser un gran aficionado a la música a juzgar por las dedicatorias que tanto Enríquez de Valderrábano como Juan Bermudo escribieron en sus tratados. Buena cuenta de ello dan también los muros del hoy llamado Palacio de Avellaneda en Peñaranda de Duero, una de las residencias de recreo del Conde, donde aún se conservan los restos de un techo ricamente decorado con representaciones de músicos e instrumentos.Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto de investigación “La obra musical renacentista: fundamentos, repertorios y prácticas” HAR 2015-70181-P (MINECO/FEDER, UE

Evaluación de la producción de biogás a partir del buchón de agua mediante codigestión anaerobia con estiércol bovino

En esta investigación se llevó a cabo el montaje a escala laboratorio para la evaluación de la producción de biogás a partir del buchón de agua en codigestión anaerobia con estiércol bovino -- Durante el desarrollo experimental se realizaron mediciones antes y después del periodo de codigestión de las variables como sólidos totales, sólidos volátiles y pH; con el fin de establecer el desempeño del proceso -- Los ensayos de biodegradabilidad anaerobia a escala laboratorio se llevaron a cabo con sustratos húmedos en 32 reactores (incluyendo réplica) de 250 ml durante 22 días, incubados a 35 ± 1°C, con agitación intermitente -- Se evaluaron RI-S de 3:1, 2:1, 1:1 y 0,5:1; en las cuales se mantuvo constante una concentración de inóculo de 10 g SV/L; con una mezcla de cantidades de sustrato - cosustrato de 0, 33, 66, 100 % de buchón de agua, determinadas mediante un diseño de experimentos factorial completo 4 X 4 -- La medición de la producción de biogás se realizó diariamente mediante el método volumétrico, obteniendo un volumen máximo de biogás acumulado a partir de la RI-S 0,5,*100 de 823 ml de biogás -- Por su parte, el más alto rendimiento de biogás correspondió a la RI-S 3*100 con un valor de 539,46 (mlbiogás/ g SV), en la que se determinó un 29% de remoción de sólidos volátiles y un valor en el pH de 7,4 y 8,91 inicial y final respectivamente -- Con la que se realiza el diseño conceptual del proceso a escala piloto con una capacidad de 150 L, para cubrir una demanda de 2500 L de biogás anuales; sin embargo el análisis financiero determinó que el proceso no era viable económicamente al presentar, a una proyección de 12 años, un VPN de $ -205.728.895,9

Consumo comparativo de Oxitocina Sintética en mujeres ingresadas a los Servicios de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico, labor y parto del Hospital de la Mujer de Referencia Naciona "Betha Calderón Roque" Managua, Agosto-Septiembre 2012-2013

El presente trabajo tiene como fin dar a conocer el consumo comparativo de Oxitocina Sintética en el Hospital de la Mujer de Referencia Nacional “Bertha Calderón Roque” en los servicios de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico, Labor y Parto en el periodo Agosto-Septiembre 2012-2013. Para lograr los resultados de esta investigación se realizaron 40 visitas al Hospital en estudio, obteniendo la información a través del regente farmacéutico y del personal medico de los servicios de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico (ARO), Labor y Parto (L/P); lo cual proporcionaron datos estadísticos como las hojas de consumo y ordenes de compras del fármaco en estudio, de los cuales, se realizó un análisis de gráficos de barras para obtener el consumo y costo en los servicios de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico, Labor y Part

Influencia del factor social, familiar, económico y psicológico, en la autoestima de las mujeres en unión de hecho estable del barrio 22 de Junio de la ciudad de Diriamba durante el II semestre del año 2015

Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo identificar la influencia del factor social, familiar, económico y psicológico en la autoestima de las mujeres en unión de hecho estable, para lo cual se realizó una entrevista diagnóstica y test estandarizados tales como 16FP, test de adaptación BELL, participaron 10mujeres seleccionadas del Barrio 22 de junio. Al inicio de la investigación se realizó una entrevista diagnóstica la cual arrojo los posibles factores que afectaban a las mujeres en su autoestima, con estos datos se procedió a analizar a las mujeres participantes, a través de test estandarizados como el 16Fp para predecir su comportamiento y por ende su autoestima, y test Bell para conocer su adaptación o áreas afectadas (Hogar, Salud, Social, Emocional, Ocupacional). Corroborando datos de la entrevista y test 16FP y Bell, se obtuvo que las áreas más afectadas están en: Hogar, Salud y Emocional, indicando que esto contribuye a que las mujeres posean un autoestima baja de lo cual no se sienten bien consigo mismas y por ende son inestables en su relación conyugal. Con esta investigación se pretende aportar conocimientos a futuros profesionales y contribuir en pro del desarrollo de los mismos

Bioaccessibility assay, antioxidant activity and consumer-oriented sensory analysis of Beta vulgaris by-product encapsulated in Ca(II)-alginate beads for different foods

Bioaccessibility analysis and antioxidant activity along in vitro digestion and a consumer-oriented sensory analysis were conducted in three potential functional foods based on Ca(II)-alginate beads containing bioactive compounds extracted from beet stems. Ca(II)-alginate beads per se, and two selected products (cookies and turkish delights supplemented with the beads) were prepared. Regarding the beads, among the attributes rated by consumers, visual appreciation predominates, being color in the just-as-right (JAR) category and in the like preference. Instead, both flavor and sweet taste were attributes highly penalized and should be improved in beads to be accepted as food per se. A higher percentage of customers preferred cookies and turkish delights instead of only beads, considering global satisfaction. Regarding in vitro digestion, there was a significant content of phenolic compounds in the products with beads, showing a bioaccessibility greater than 80% (for cookies) and 26% (for turkish delights). Also, the antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS ranged between 50 and 109% for cookies and turkish delights, being lower when measured by FRAP (between 20 and 30%, respectively). Thus, including the beads with beet stem extract in both products leads to a significant increase in the content of phenolic compounds and in the antioxidant capacity compared to their counterparts, protecting the compound during oral and gastric phases. These results allow the generation of improved Ca(II)-alginate systems with promising functional properties for the development of ingredients and functional foods.Fil: Aguirre Calvo, Tatiana Rocio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Industrias; ArgentinaFil: Sosa, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios. - Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Bromatología; ArgentinaFil: López, Tamara Anahí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios. - Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Bromatología; ArgentinaFil: Quintanilla Carvajal, María Ximena. Universidad de la Sabana; ColombiaFil: Perullini, Ana Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Santagapita, Patricio Roman. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono; Argentin

Overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines in dental pulp tissue and distinct bacterial microbiota in carious teeth of Mexican Individuals

The prevalence of dental caries in the Mexican adult population aged 20 to 85 years is around 93.3%, and 50% in Mexican children and adolescents. Worldwide, it is the most common non-communicable disease. One of the main etiological factors for dental caries is the oral microbiome and changes in its structure and function, with an expansion of pathogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans. The exposed dental pulp tissue triggers an innate immune response to counteract this bacterial invasion. The relation between oral dysbiosis and innate immune responses remains unclear. We aimed to understand the relationship between innate immune response and the oral microbiota by quantifying the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and proinflammatory markers (cytokines and a chemokine) in dental pulp tissue, either exposed or not to carious dentin, and to correlate this information with the oral microbiome found in healthy teeth and those with moderate caries. RNA was purified from pulp tissue, subjected to RT-qPCR and analysed with the ΔΔCt method. Supragingival dental plaque of non-carious teeth and dentin of carious teeth were subjected to 16S targeted sequencing. Principal coordinate analysis, permutational multivariate ANOVA, and linear discriminant analysis were used to assess differences between non-carious and carious teeth. Correlations were assessed with Spearman´s test and corrected for multiple comparisons using the FDR method. The relative abundance (RA) of Lactobacillus, Actinomyces, Prevotella, and Mitsuokella was increased in carious teeth; while the RA of Haemophilus and Porphyromonas decreased. Olsenella and Parascardovia were only detected in carious teeth. Significant overexpression of interleukin 1 beta (IL1 β), IL6, and CXCL8 was detected in pulp tissue exposed to carious dentin. IL1β correlated positively with TLR2 and Actinomyces; yet negatively with Porphyromonas. These findings suggest that immune response of pulp tissue chronically exposed to cariogenic microbiome is triggered by proinflammatory cytokines IL1β and IL6 and the chemokine CXCL8

Synergism between prior anisakis simplex infections and intake of NSAIDs, on the risk of upper digestive bleeding: A case-control study

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prior Anisakis infections and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), and its interaction with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intake. Methods/Principal Findings: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study covering 215 UGIB cases and 650 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) with their confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated, as well as the ratio of the combined effects to the sum of the separate effects of Anisakis allergic sensitization and NSAIDs intake. Prior Anisakis infections were revealed by the presence of anti-Anisakis IgE antibodies specific to the recombinant Ani s 1 and Ani s 7 allergens used as the targets in indirect ELISA. Prior Anisakis infections (OR 1.74 [95% CI: 1.10 to 2.75]) and the intake of NSAIDs (OR 6.63 [95% CI: 4.21 to 10.43]) increased the risk of bleeding. Simultaneous NSAIDs intake and Anisakis allergic sensitization increased the risk of UGIB 14-fold (OR = 14.46 [95% CI: 6.08 to 34.40]). This interaction was additive, with a synergistic index of 3.01 (95% CI: 1.18–7.71). Conclusions: Prior Anisakis infection is an independent risk factor for UGIB, and the joint effect with NSAIDs is 3 times higher than the sum of their individual effectsAuthor Summary: Anisakiasis is a worldwide re-emerging disease produced by the consumption of raw, lightly cooked, smoked or marinated fish containing live Anisakis larvae. In acute anisakiasis, mucosal lesions generated by the larvae may provoke upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). However, the effect of past unnoticed Anisakis infections as a risk factor for UGIB, and a possible synergism with other risk factors such as NSAIDs intake, have never been investigated. In this case-control study we observed that: i) prior Anisakis infections and NSAIDs intake are two independent risk factors for UGIB, and ii) that both risk factors act synergistically to the extent that their joint effect is 3 times higher than the sum of their individual effects. We concluded that, in countries where Anisakis infections are frequent, it would be wise to determine parasite-specific IgE antibodies and to conduct a closer follow-up of patients who consume raw or lightly cooked fish and who are prescribed NSAIDs for long periodsAuthor Summary Anisakiasis is a worldwide re-emerging disease produced by the consumption of raw, lightly cooked, smoked or marinated fish containing live Anisakis larvae. In acute anisakiasis, mucosal lesions generated by the larvae may provoke upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). However, the effect of past unnoticed Anisakis infections as a risk factor for UGIB, and a possible synergism with other risk factors such as NSAIDs intake, have never been investigated. In this case-control study we observed that: i) prior Anisakis infections and NSAIDs intake are two independent risk factors for UGIB, and ii) that both risk factors act synergistically to the extent that their joint effect is 3 times higher than the sum of their individual effects. We concluded that, in countries where Anisakis infections are frequent, it would be wise to determine parasite-specific IgE antibodies and to conduct a closer follow-up of patients who consume raw or lightly cooked fish and who are prescribed NSAIDs for long periodsThis study was supported by grants PI021512, PI021364, PI020661, PI021572 (Health Research Fund /Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria), SAF2002-04057 (Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs, Spain), PGIDIT03PXIC20806PN (Galician Regional Authority, Spain) and 02/1572 (Basque Regional Authority, Spain)S

Cultura y Lengua aplicadas a las enseñanzas de la Información (III)

Continuación de proyectos anteriores: aplicación y revisión de materiales didácticos innovadores para la integración y mejora de competencias culturales-lingüístico-pragmáticas en español en alumnos sinohablantes, ámbito Ciencias de la Información

Comparative Effects of Pterostilbene and Its Parent Compound Resveratrol on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Steatohepatitis Induced by High-Fat High-Fructose Feeding

Different studies have revealed that oxidative stress and inflammation are crucial in NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). The aim of this study is to analyze whether pterostilbene and resveratrol are able to either avoid or delay the progression of non-alcoholic liver steatosis towards steatohepatitis. This has been performed by examining their effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and pre-carcinogenic stages. Rats were distributed into five experimental groups and were fed with either a standard diet or a high-fat high-fructose diet, supplemented or not with pterostilbene (15 or 30 mg/kg/d) or resveratrol (30 mg/kg/d), for 8 weeks. Liver histological analysis was carried out by haematoxylin–eosin staining. Serum and hepatic oxidative stress-related parameters were assessed using spectrophotometry, and the expression of genes related to inflammation, fibrosis and cancer by qRT-PCR. The dietary model used in this study led to the development of steatohepatitis, where rats displayed oxidative stress, inflammation and ballooning, although not fibrosis. It also modified the expression of hepatocarcinoma-related genes. The results show, for the first time, that pterostilbene was able to partially prevent these alterations, with the exception of changes in hepatocarcinoma-related genes, mainly at 30 mg/kg/d. Pterostilbene was more effective than its parent compound resveratrol, probably due to its high bioavailability and higher anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, attributable to its different chemical structure.This study was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL-2015-65719-R), Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERobn) under Grant CB12/03/30007 and the University of the Basque Country under Grant GIU18-173

Making Musical Works in Renaissance Spain

Producción CientíficaWhy is it that Renaissance musicians (in Spain in this case) could identify as the same work compositions that today might be seen as different? Wherein was the commonality? Current ontologies of music, deeply rooted in modern theories and aesthetics revolve around the notion of musical masterpieces that exist as static monuments of musical art. Not only inadequate from a historical point of view, such a conceptualisation impacts heavily on the way we perform music, how we study it and how we think about it today. Scholars such as Treitler and Strohm have proposed substituting composition over practice to highlight the act of performance over prior creation as a way of shifting the focus in the development of contemporary historiography. In parallel with recent studies on contrapuntal improvisation they have stressed the need to incorporate oral traditions within music history and to stimulate reconsideration conceptualisation of “making musical works” in the Renaissance, and the very nature of the works themselves. Starting with the notion of the Renaissance “musical work” as a group of fluid, dynamic multiplicities, this book explores varied approaches to the “musical work.” It includes lexicological analyses of Renaissance musical terminology, source studies that identify the changing practices and identities of specific works, and broader questions such as interrelationships between music, architecture and rhetoric, o between space and work. The book is further enriched by a study of the 15,000 musical works that resided in the library of Ferdinand Columbus, that survive as indices, never studied or published.Departamento de Música y Expresión MusicalEste trabajo forma parte del proyecto de investigación “La obra musical renacentista: fundamentos, repertorios y prácticas” HAR 2015-70181-P (MINECO/FEDER, UE