Is Seasonal Households' Consumption Good for the Nexus Carbon/Water Footprint? the Spanish Fruits and Vegetables Case

Proximity and in-season consumption criteria have been suggested as solutions for fruits and vegetables consumers to drive the economy to a more sustainable development. Using a new concept, seasonal avoided footprint by imports, we disentangle the role of period and country of origin. Although, as a general rule, consumers could reduce the footprint by choosing domestic produce, this is not always the case. Due to the high efficiency of Spanish domestic production in terms of both CO2e and water use (except for scarce water), imports from some regions, like Africa (green beans, peppers, tomatoes, bananas, strawberries, oranges), contribute to significantly increasing both water and carbon impacts. However, a monthly basis analysis shows unsustainable hotspots for domestic production. Importing from France (apples, potatoes) or Portugal (tomatoes, strawberries) reduces both footprints, so Spanish local consumption would be bad for the environment. Hotspots are mainly concentrated in scarce water and, especially, for out-of-season vegetables during 11 months a year (savings up to 389%), nine months for out-of-season fruits, and five months for in-season fruits. The results suggest the difficulty to generalize an easy environmental recommendation based on buying local fruits and vegetables: consumption must be analyzed on monthly/seasonal, product, and country bases

A numerical method for nonlinear age-structured population models with finite maximum age

AbstractWe propose a new numerical method for the approximation of solutions to a non-autonomous form of the classical Gurtin–MacCamy population model with a mortality rate that is the sum of an intrinsic age-dependent rate that becomes unbounded as the age approaches its maximum value, plus a non-local, non-autonomous, bounded rate that depends on some weighted population size. We prove that our new quadrature based method converges to second-order and we show the results of several numerical simulations

El metamorfismo del sector El Vellon-Pedrezuela (Sistema Central Español)

El presente trabajo aborda el estudio metamorfico del sector «El Vellon - Pedrezuela». Mediante la determinación de los diferentes tipos de paragenesis minerales que contienen los materiales que afloran en este sector (metapelitas. metasamitas. anfibolitas y rocas calcosiiicatadas). de sus relaciones interminerales y de sus penodos de blastesis. se establece un metamorfismo regional progresivo de grado medio. Dicho metamorfismo se caracteriza por unas condiciones de 5.25 Kbar y 550 UC para un periodo de interfase yariando estas durante la segunda fase a 4 4 0.5 Kbar y 600 JC. Ei gradiente metamorfico aumenta di: 26 oC/Km. a 380 4 5 oC/Km desde el periodo de interfase a la segunda fase hercinica

Attenuation and diffusion produced by small-radius curvatures in POFs

Our aim is to characterize curvatures using a methodology previously applied to other localized disturbances in plastic optical fibers (POFs). The effects of several curvature radii and turn angles have been analyzed, so that for each condition, angular dependent attenuation and diffusion are obtained from experimental measurements to construct a matrix that accounts for the global effects of power loss and mode mixing introduced by the curvature over the angular power distribution. Power loss as a function of bend radius was calculated using the characteristic matrices and compared to experimental results to validate the model. This curvature model can be a useful tool to predict the impact of bends on transmission properties as is demonstrated in the example of a small network in a domestic environment

El control de los criterios de higiene de los procesos en mataderos de cerdo ibérico como medio para evaluar el funcionamiento aceptable de la producción

La normativa vigente obliga a los mataderos de cerdo ibérico a desarrollar e implantar un plan APPCC (Análisis de Peligros y Puntos de Control Crítico). De igual modo deben comprobar el correcto funcionamiento de su proceso de producción realizando controles microbiologícos de la superficie de las canales, siguiendo un plan de muestreo diseñado de acuerdo al Reglamento 2073/2005. En el presente trabajo se expone el diseño de un plan de muestreo de un matadero de cerdo ibérico, y se muestran los resultados obtenidos en los primeros controles realizados siguiendo dicho plan

A saltar las instituciones

"¡Contra, contra, contra! Anti, anti, anti! No, no, no!" Mani muy radical a la que asistieron 27 personas y un perrete. Barcelona, Gràcia. Septiembre de 1996.[...] 'Contra, contra, contra! Anti, anti, anti! No, no, no! ' Mani molt radical a la qual van assistir 27 persones i un perrete. Barcelona, Gràcia. Setembre de 1996. [...