Effects of abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy on anorectal functions along with quality of life of the patient

Objectives and background:Hysterectomy is the most commonly performed major gynecological operation for both benign and malign gynecologic conditions. After hysterectomy, although some investigators have declared an increased incidence of urinary and anorectal dysfunction, some others could not show any connection. Methods: The voluntary patients were divided in two groups: abdominal hysterectomy (Group 1) and vaginal hysterectomy (Group 2). Anal manometry and all the other examinations of the patients were performed at the Department of General Surgery Endoscopy Unit of Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine. Results: When the quality of life of the patients was assessed before the operation and on the 12 th post-operative month via the SF-36 form; it can be seen that body pain parameters of the patients in Group 1 had significantly improved and there is no statistical difference in other parameters. When the effect of hysterectomy on the quality of life of the patients was evaluated by the “Cleveland Clinic Global Quality of Life” form, the statistically significant improvement in the quality of life of the patients in Group 2 was observed. Conclusion: If the type of operation (vaginal or abdominal) is performed due to benign causes, it does not affect the urinary and anorectal functions of the patients. Depending on the decrease of complaints of the patients, it has a positive effect on the quality of life. © 2018 Birsen et al

Training through poetry within the sample of Nabi's “Hayriyye”

AbstractArt works have more aspects than aesthetic pleasures within their contexts. One of this aspects is “social utility” which refers to training and education of society. At that manner, poetry has a special character in training process. Especially in Turkish Classical Poetry a special kind of poem named “Nasîhat-nâme” can be seemed in this term. An important representative of this kind is Nabi who lived in 17th century. He wrote a mathnawi called “Hayriyye” aiming at telling certain truths having both religional and universal aspects. In this study, it is aimed to present the role of art works within the process of education and training by using couplets from Nabi's Hayriyye and other poems

Investigation of the impact of heavy metals (copper and lead) on the photosynthetic pigment content and antioxidant mechanism of two different bryophyte species

Bu çalışmada Brachytheciaceae familyasına ait Homalothecium sericeum (Hedw.) Schimp. ve Hypnaceae familyasına ait Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. türlerinde ağır metal uygulaması ile meydana gelen kısa süreli tepkiler fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler ışığında değerlendirilmiştir. Arazi çalışmasında toplanan bitkiler uygun torbalara alınarak laboratuvar ortamına getirilmiştir. Yıkama işleminin ardından biryofit türleri uygun muamele ortamları hazırlanarak Cu ve Pb içeren çözeltilerde kültüre alınmıştır. İki biryofit türü için; ağır metal biriktirme düzeyleri, kuru ağırlıkları, fotosentetik pigment analizi, hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) miktarı tayini, lipit peroksidasyonu, antioksidan enzimler (süperoksit dismutaz, katalaz, peroksidaz, askorbat peroksidaz) ve enzimatik olmayan antioksidant moleküllerden (askorbat ve prolin) miktarları çalışılmıştır. Her iki türünde maruz kaldıkları metalleri bünyelerinde belirli oranlarda biriktirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Hypnum cupressiforme’nin Cu uygulanmış örneklerinde süperoksit dismutaz, peroksidaz aktivitelerinde artışlar meydana gelirken askorbat miktarında anlamlı bir değişim görülmememiştir. Katalaz aktivitesinde meydana gelen azalmanın nedeni olarak bakır katyonları gibi ağır metal iyonlarının katalaz’ın yarayışlı olmayan inhibitörleri gibi davranıp enzim aktivitelerini durdurmasındandır. Homalothecium sericeum’un Pb uygulanmış örneklerinde pigment degredasyonu ve H2O2 birikiminin olmaması askorbat peroksidaz ve katalaz aktivitesinin H2O2’nin detoksifikasyonunda etkili olduğunun ya da bu metalin hücreyi aşırı strese sokacak oksidatif hasarı tetiklemediğinin göstergesi de olabilir.In this study, short term reactions caused by heavy metal administration was evaluated in light of physiological and biochemical parameters on types of Homalothecium sericeum (Hedw.) Schimp. which belongs family of Brachytheciaceae and Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. which belongs family of Hypnaceae. The plants collected in the field work has been brought to the laboratory on the appropriate bag. After appropriate treatment of the washing operation bryophyte species prepared media were cultured in solutions containing Cu and Pb. Heavy metal deposition levels, dry weight, photosynthetic pigments analysis, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content determination, lipid peroxidation andantioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase) non –enzymatic andantioxidant molecules (ascorbat and proline) quantity were studied for the types of bryophyte. Both type softhe metal structure are exposed is determined that accumulatein specific proportions. Activity of superoxide dismutaz and peroksidaz has been increased inspite of there is no significant change was not seen askorbat values on Cu applied samples of Hypnum cupressiforme as the cause of the decreasein the catalase enzyme activity such as catalase activityis from stopping act by plants inhibitors of non-heavy metal ions such as copper cations. Pb applied samples of Homalothecium sericeum, The absence of H2O2 accumulation of ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities effect on pigment degredation and H2O2 detoxification or this metals can be indicator of oxidative damages that will causes excessive stress on cells

Understanding the ‘auxiliary task’ conceptually – Discrete versus continuous cardinal objects

For conceptually understanding the ,Auxiliary Task’, learners have to understand the compensation process. Yet, since the strategy is highly complex compared to other mental calculation strategies, an important question is how the conceptual understanding of the strategy can be fostered and for this purpose, ordinal as well as cardinal learning environments were developed and evaluated in a design-based-study (which is part of the mixed-methods MaG-Project). Prior analyzes showed that especially the cardinal learning environment leads to more thorough conceptual discourses. In this paper, qualitative insights into the use of specific forms of cardinal representation – discrete versus continuous – and its interpretations by four 11-year-old German primary school learners’ will be given.This study is funded by RUHR-Futur/ the Mercator Foundatio

Control and measurement delay compensation in bilateral position control

The main aim of this study is the improvement of the previously presented disturbance observer based bilateral control approaches of the authors with a delay regulator and a model tracking control (MTC) that runs on the slave side. These improvements eliminate the problems related to variable time delay inherent to such systems and model mismatch, respectively, and, hence, addressing the control and measurement delay problems in bilateral control applications. The performance is evaluated experimentally on a single-link arm controlled over the internet. The results demonstrate a significant improvement over the previously presented results obtained under load uncertainties and randomly varying network delays both in the control and feedback loop

Typographic properties of online learning environments for adults

AbstractThe effective use of computer and Internet technologies in every field of daily life has caused learning to take a broad part in these environments. Nowadays, a great deal of educational institution, non-governmental organizations or any organizations dealing with education and training has carried on their educational activities directly or indirectly through online learning environments (OLEs). But at this point, the institutions and organizations who try to present the educational content to their target group throughout the OLEs are supposed to pay attention to the design of these environments. Every component in the OLEs has to be developed and integrated appropriate to the properties, requirements and perception levels of the target group. Being as an important component of a visual design, typography is generally ignored by the designers in the development process of an OLE. The purpose of this descriptive study which is prepared with reviewing literature is to determine appropriate typographic properties that an OLE for adults has to have and give some typographic design suggestions

THE INVESTIGATION OF STUDENTS’ COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE COMPETENCIES ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT VARIABLES

The purpose of this study is to examine six sub-dimensions towards motivational, cognitive and metacognitive competencies of middle school students according to the gender and class level variables. As the data collection tool, “Motivational, Cognitive and Metacognitive Competencies Scale” was used. The sample of the research is composed of 366 middle school students and the data were analyzed using SPSS 23. There was a significant relationship between competencies levels and gender in favor of male for the general of scale. Moreover, for the sub-dimensions of the scale according to the gender, a significant relationship in favor of male for organizing the learning process and evaluating the learning process was found. When the motivational, cognitive and metacognitive competencies levels of middle school students were examined separately for each of sub-dimensions, a significant relationship was found according to the grade levels. It was generally observed that students’ motivational, cognitive and metacognitive competencies levels increase as their grade levels increase. However, 5th grade students’ scores were higher than the other grade students’ scores for the learning process sub-dimension.  Article visualizations