The Effects of Spanish Civil War on Spanish Cinema: Cinema under the Political Pressure of Two Eternal Enemies / Los efectos de la Guerra Civil Española en el cine español: cine bajo la presión política de dos eternos enemigos

Este artículo se centra en cómo se formó el cine español durante y después de la guerra civil española (1936-1939) por los dos bandos de la guerra: la izquierda y la derecha. En primer lugar, examina la lucha de poder entre dos bandos durante la guerra y su esfuerzo por hacer su propia propaganda. En segundo lugar trata de entender las nuevas reglas del cine bajo la dictadura de Franco. Luego discute los cambios de visión después de la muerte de Franco y por último, resume los efectos de la guerra civil en el cine español moderno de hoy. This article focuses on how the Spanish cinema was shaped during and after the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) by the two sides of the war: the political left and the political right. Firstly it examines the power struggle between two sides during the war and their effort to make their own propaganda. Secondly it tries to understand the new rules of the cinema under the dictatorship of Franco. Then it discusses the changes of vision after the death of Franco and lastly summarizes the effects of the war on the modern Spanish cinema of today.

Validity and reliability of strain gauge measurement of volitional quadriceps force in patients with COPD

This study investigated the validity and reliability of fixed strain gauge measurements of isometric quadriceps force in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total cohort of 138 patients with COPD were assessed. To determine validity, maximal volitional quadriceps force was evaluated during isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) manoeuvre via a fixed strain gauge dynamometer and compared to (a) potentiated non-volitional quadriceps force obtained via magnetic stimulation of the femoral nerve (twitch (Tw); n = 92) and (b) volitional computerized dynamometry (Biodex; n = 46) and analysed via correlation coefficients. Test-retest and absolute reliability were determined via calculations of intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), smallest real differences (SRDs) and standard errors of measurement (SEMs). For this, MVC recordings in each device were performed across two test sessions separated by a period of 7 days ( n = 46). Strain gauge measures of MVC demonstrated very large correlation with Tw and Biodex results ( r = 0.86 and 0.88, respectively, both p < 0.0001). ICC, SEM and SRD were numerically comparable between strain gauge and Biodex devices (ICC = 0.96 vs. 0.93; SEM = 8.50 vs. 10.54 N.m and SRD = 23.59 vs. 29.22 N.m, respectively). The results support that strain gauge measures of quadriceps force are valid and reliable in patients with COPD

Обучение академическому письму: проблемы и решения

Обозначены основные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются преподаватели и студенты при внедрении курса "Академическое письмо". Проведен анализ письменных работ студентов на английском языке, описаны трудности, которые испытывают студенты при их написани

Anti implicative IF-ideals in bCK/BCI-algebras

Using triangular norms, we present a new classification of fuzzy subalgebras, ideals and implicative ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras. © 2018 by Eudoxus Press, LLC. All rights reserved

SOME RESULTS ON THE STABILITY OF QUASI-LINEAR DYNAMIC SYSTEMS ON TIME SCALES

WOS: 000264567900016It is shown that we study some results on the stability of Quasilinear dynamic systems on time scales characterized completely by its linear part

Synthesis and Characterization of Low and Negative Thermal Expansion Materials

The preparation and thermophysical properties of some In(I), Ga(I) and Ag(I) substituted NZP type materials were explored. Many compositions with the NZP framework show low and negative thermal expansion. Previously reported material, GaZr2(PO4(3, transforms from one NZP related phase into another NZP type phase due to oxidation under air above 300oC. In addition, it exhibits hysteresis under inert atmosphere; the cell parameters are different on heating and cooling cycles for a given temperature. The synthesis, and characterization of a new material, InZr2(PO4)3, is outlined. It crystallizes in space group R -3 c. In addition, as GaZr2(PO4)3, it oxidizes above 300oC under air and exhibits hysteresis under inert atmosphere. Furthermore, the synthesis of AgTixZr2-x(PO4)3 solid solution compositions, their ion exchange characteristics with Ga(I) and their thermophysical properties are described. Thermal expansion anisotropy (the difference between a and c ) of the solid solutions decreases as the bigger ion, Zr4+, is substituted by the smaller one, Ti4+. Thermal expansion characteristics of GaZr2(PO4)3, InZr2(PO4)3 and AgZr2(PO4)3 are compared with MZr2(PO4)3 ( M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs). Ionic radii for Ga(I) and In(I) in a six coordinate oxygen environment were proposed.M.S.Committee Chair: Dr. Angus P. Wilkinson; Committee Member: Dr. E. Kent Barefield; Committee Member: Dr. Z. John Zhan