Characteristics of fading of wool cloth dyed with selected natural dyestuffs on the basis of solar radiant energy

Photodegradation characteristics of selected natural dyestuffs were investigated on the basis of solar radiant energy. UVA and UVB fluorescent lamps were also applied to examine wavelength dependencies on the fading characteristics. The natural dyestuffs were observed to have poorer lightfastness in the comparison with AATCC Blue Wool L2. The order of fading susceptibility to solar radiation is as follows: Turmeric \u3e Weld \u3e Madder \u3e L2. Moreover, it was concluded that the natural dyestuffs were strongly sensitive to visible light as well as to UV rays and L2 would be faded by visible light to a small extent. These results provide an important key to understanding the poor lightfastness of some natural dyestuffs

2012年春夏の女子学生ファッション

This study discusses the fashion trends of female college students who represent the young women population in our society. Their fashion preferences in the 2012 spring and summer seasons were examined to obtain information on the most preferred items through a questionnaire of 268 students aged between 18 and 22 years old. Cluster analysis was applied to seven questions with respect to fashion behaviors. As a result. two clusters-fashion trend following and personal fashion consciousness-were computed as influential factors. The fashion trend of over 11 items with respect to tops was further investigated. Peplum dress and hi-color shirt were found to be the most leading as the spring-summer fashion items of choice. That is. those items were more intensively supported by more fashionable students

Studies on Quilt Conservation of Basic Fading Characteristics Derived from Environmental Factors

　The conservation of works of quilt was investigatedfrom standpoint of evaluation of their fading caused by environmental pollution and light radiation. The characteristics of Japan Industrial Standard blue ribbon in comparison with present and proposed AATCC blue ribbons on exposure of oxides of nitrogen and wavelength sensitivity of AATCC blue wool lightfastness standards under light radiation. Blue ribbons dyed with Disperse Blue 3，Di sperse Blue 56 and Disperse Violet 1 were examined by exposure to different times by concentrations of oxides of nitrogen. The results indicate that Disperse Blue 56 may be more appropriate than Disperse Violet 1，be cause Disperse Blue 56 fading was moderate whereas Disperse Violet 1 faded too rapidly. Moreover，the lightfastness of the AATCC Blue Wool L2 and L4 standards was examined with respect to wavelength sensitivity. Both Blue Wool Standards displayed peak maxima at 245 and 294 nm. The results indicated that UVA and UVB had as ignificant fading effect，wh ereas visible light caused fading to as ma11e xtent. It is an experimental evidencethat the standards would unlikely response to sun light intensity at every wavelength. Specific wavelengths caused Blue wool to significantly fade，suggesting that the total irradiated UV energy may not be an appropriate index

Present Status and Problems of Testing Methods for Colour Fastness

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Characterization of Pollen Dispersion in the Neighborhood of Tokyo, Japan in the Spring of 2005 and 2006

The behavior of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) pollens in an urban area was examined through the measurements of the dispersion characteristics at the various sampling locations in both outdoor and indoor environments. Airborne pollens were counted continuously for three months during the Japanese cedar pollen and Japanese cypress seasons in 2005 and 2006 by the use of Durham’s pollen trap method in and around Tokyo, Japan. The dispersion of pollens at the rooftop of Kyoritsu Women’s University was observed to be at extremely high levels in 2005 compared with previously reported results during the past two decades. As for Japanese cedar pollen, the maximum level was observed as 440 counts cm-2 day-1 on 18 March 2005. Japanese cypress pollen dispersed in that area in the latter period was compared with the Japanese cedar pollen dispersions. The maximum dispersion level was observed to be 351 counts cm-2 day-1 on 7 April 2005. Total accumulated dispersions of Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress pollens were 5,552 and 1,552 counts cm-2 for the three months (Feb., Mar. and Apr.) in 2005, respectively. However, the dispersion of both pollens in 2006 was very low. The total accumulated dispersions of Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress pollens were 421 and 98 counts cm-2 for three months (Feb., Mar. and Apr.) in 2006, respectively. Moreover, the pollen deposition on a walking person in an urban area showed that the pollen counts on feet were observed to be extremely high compared with the ones on the shoulder, back and legs. These findings suggested that pollen fell on the surface of the paved road at first, rebounded to the ambient air and was deposited on the residents again. Furthermore, the regional distribution of the total pollen dispersion in the South Kanto area was characterized on 15-16 March 2005 and on 14-15 March 2006. Although the pollen levels in 2005 were much higher than in 2006, it was commonly observed that higher pollen counts existed in the outlying areas. That is, the pollen counts in an urban area were confirmed to be at a lower level. As for the indoor dispersion of pollens, two cases were evaluated. At the lobby of the main building of Kyoritsu Women’s University, the averaged ratio of the indoor to the outdoor pollen count is 4.1%. Another case was at the hospital building of a medical school. The pollen dispersion in the indoor environment was also observed to be low. It was concluded that the indoor pollen would be mainly carried from the outer environment by the movement of air