Global existence and decay properties for a degenerate Keller–Segel model with a power factor in drift term

AbstractThe following degenerate parabolic system modelling chemotaxis is considered:(KS){ut=∇⋅(∇um−uq−1∇v),x∈RN,t>0,τvt=Δv−v+u,x∈RN,t>0,u(x,0)=u0(x),τv(x,0)=τv0(x),x∈RN, where m⩾1, q⩾2, τ=0 or 1, and N⩾1. The aim of this paper is to prove the existence of a time global weak solution (u,v) of (KS) with the L∞(0,∞;L∞(RN)) bound. Such a global bound is obtained in the case of (i) m>q−2N for large initial data and (ii) 1⩽m⩽q−2N for small initial data. In the case of (ii), the decay properties of the solution (u,v) are also discussed

死別体験における悲嘆の回復過程に関する要因の分析

スマトラ沖大地震・インド洋津波によって，突然肉親と死別体験をもった２遺族に面接調査を行った．死別による悲嘆から回復する過程に，どのような要因が関連しているのかについて分析した．その結果，この地域が敬虔な仏教徒であったことから，対象となった２遺族は，信仰が悲しみを緩和する要因として働いていた．さらに近隣の人びとの精神的な支援や，新たな生命の誕生は将来への希望につながり，悲嘆から回復する要因の一つとなっていることが明らかとなった．Two families that experienced the sudden death of relatives in the Sumatra earthquake and Indian Ocean tsunami were interviewed, and the kinds of factors in the process of healing that sadness were analysed. As a result, it was discovered that, given the devoutly Buddhist nature of the area, the two families’ faith worked to relieve their sadness. There was also psychological support from neighbours and hope for the future embodied in the birth of children, which were also factors in healing their sadness

アンバランゴタ地区の被災現状

昨年１２月２６日に，インドネシアのスマトラ島北端沖で発生したスマトラ沖大地震によるインド洋津波被害で，スマトラについで津波による被害が多かったスリランカに，被災６ヵ月後の復興状況，感染症発生状況，被災者の健康調査などを目的に被災地の調査に入った．スリランカ東南部地域の被災状況を報告し，看護職としての援助のあり方や，物資援助について考察した．We visited Sri Lanka, which received the most damage after Sumatra six months after the Sumatra Earthquake struck the northern coast of the Indonesian island last year on December 26 and caused a tsunami in the Indian Ocean. We investigated reconstruction efforts, the spread of infection and the health conditions of survivors in the southeast portion of the island country, made reports on the devastated areas and made observations on health care and aid supplies

Intratumoral heterogeneous amplification of ERBB2 and subclonal genetic diversity in gastric cancers revealed by multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification and fluorescence in situ hybridization

A humanized monoclonal antibody against ERBB2 is used in neoadjuvant therapy for patients with gastric cancer. A critical factor in determining patient eligibility and predicting outcomes of this therapy is the intratumoral heterogeneity of ERBB2 amplification in gastric adenocarcinomas. The aims of this study are to assess the underlying mechanisms of intratumoral heterogeneity of ERBB2 amplification; to characterize the diversity of coamplified oncogenes such as EGFR, FGFR2, MET, MYC, CCND1, and MDM2; and to examine the usefulness of multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in the semicomprehensive detection of these gene amplifications. A combined analysis of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed ERBB2-amplified cancer cells in 51 of 475 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded gastric adenocarcinomas. The fraction of amplification-positive cells in each tumor ranged from less than 10% to almost 100%. Intratumoral heterogeneity of ERBB2 amplification, defined as less than 50% of cancer cells positive for ERBB2 amplification, was found in 41% (21/51) of ERBB2-amplified tumors. The combined analysis of MLPA and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that ERBB2 was coamplified with EGFR in 7 tumors, FGFR2 in 1 tumor, and FGFR2 and MET in 1 tumor; however, the respective genes were amplified in mutually exclusive cells. Coamplified ERBB2 and MYC coexisted within single nuclei in 4 tumors, and one of these cases had suspected coamplification in the same amplicon of ERBB2 with MYC. In conclusion, the amplification status of ERBB2 and other genes can be obtained semicomprehensively by MLPA and could be useful to plan individualized molecularly targeted therapy against gastric cancers. © 2014 Elsevier Inc