Angiokeratome solitaire de la langue

Introduction : L’angiokératome est une lésion cutanée rare pouvant se présenter soit sous forme d’une lésion solitaire, soit sous forme de papules multiples associées à des troubles métaboliques et rentrants dans le cadre d’une atteinte systémique généralisée. L’atteinte de la cavité orale est plus fréquente dans la forme systémique et la localisation linguale est extrêmement rare.Observation : Les auteurs rapportent une nouvelle observation d’angiokeratome solitaire linguale chez un patient âgé de 37 ans qui s’est présenté pour une masse linguale nodulaire bien limitée douloureuse et saignante au contacte sans particularité. L’examen dermatologique n’a pas retrouvé de lésions cutanées associées. Une biopsie exérèse a conclu à un angiokératome. L’évolution était bonne, sans récidive avec un recul de 1 an. A partir de cette observation et une revue de la littérature, sont discutés les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, histologiques et thérapeutiques de cette entité extrêmement rare.Conclusion : L’angiokeratome de la langue est rare, face à ce diagnostic, un examen général minutieux est indispensable pour éliminer une maladie systémique.Mots clés : langue, angiokeratomeIntroduction: angiokeratoma is a rare skin lesion may arise either as a solitary lesion or as multiple papules associated with metabolic and come within the framework of a generalized systemic involvement. Involvement of the oral cavity is more common in the systemic form and tongue localization is extremely rare.Observation: The authors report a new case of solitary angiokeratoma tongue in a patient aged 37 who presented for a very limited nodular mass lingual painful and bleeding in contact unremarkable. The dermatological examination did not reveal any associated skin lesions. An excisional biopsy concluded angiokeratoma. The evolution was good, without recurrence with a decline of 1 year. From this observation and a literature review, we discuss the epidemiological, clinical, histological and therapeutic aspects of this extremely rare entity.Conclusion: angiokeratoma of the tongue is rare, facing this diagnosis, a thorough general examination is essential to rule out systemic disease.Keywords: tongue, angiokeratom

Les osteomes sinusiens a extension orbitaire a propos de trois cas

Introduction : L’ostéome des sinus paranasaux est une tumeur bénigne rare, dévolution lente et qui peut être responsable de complications ophtalmologiques, sinusiennes et endocrâniennes. Son traitement lorsqu’il s’impose, n’est que chirurgical.Observations : Nous rapportons les observations médicales de trois patients opérés dans le service d’ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale de l’hôpital 20 aout de Casablanca pour des ostéomes sinusiens a extension orbitaire. L’origine de l’ostéome était frontale dans 1 cas et ethmoïdal dans 2 cas. La tumeur était le plus souvent révélée par une exophtalmie d’apparition progressive associée ou non a des céphalées L’indication opératoire a été posée chez les trois malades. La voie d’abord a été transfaciale dans deux cas et bicoronale dans un cas. L’évolution a été favorable chez tous les patients.Conclusion : : l’ostéome sinusien est une néoformation osseuse bénigne dont le traitement est chirurgical dans les formes symptomatiques. La voie d’abord dépend de la localisation tumorale.Mots clés : Ostéome, Sinus paranasaux, Extension orbitaire, Traitement.Objective : The osteoma of paranasal sinuses is a rare benign tumour, slow devolution and which may be responsible for ocular, intracranial and sinus complications. The treatment when it is required, is that surgical.Case report : We report the medical observations of three patients operated in the ENT service and cervical-facial surgery in the Hospital 20 August of Casablanca for sinus osteomas with orbital extension. The origin of the osteoma was frontal in one case, ethmoid in two cases. The tumor was most often revealed by a gradual exophthalmia associated or not with headache. The operative indication has been raised in three patients. The incision was transfacial in two cases and bicoronale in one case. The evolution was favorable in all patients.Conclusion: the sinus osteomas is a benign bone neoformation with surgical treatment in symptomatic forms. The surgical approach depends on tumor location.Keyswords : Osteoma, Paranasal sinuses, Orbital Extension, Treatment

Kd distributions in freshwater systems as a function of material type, mass-volume ratio, dissolved organic carbon and pH

International audienceThe contamination of freshwater systems by metals is a worldwide problem due to their toxicity, abundance and persistence in the environment. One of the main processes affecting their residence time in freshwater systems is their solid-liquid fractionation, often modeled by the Kd approach defined as the concentration ratio between the particulate and dissolved phases under the assumptions of reversibility, equilibrium and trace conditions. Because Kd is an empirical parameter that depends on several environmental factors, its variability can cover orders of magnitude for a single element. Such variability is unknown for most case studies, but the modelers need it to evaluate the uncertainty of their calculations. In order to fill this gap, this paper presents statistical Kd distributions for in situ suspended matters as a function of suspended load, dissolved organic carbon and pH. They were obtained using a database containing 8564 Kd values from 50 elements, classified as a function of three exchange conditions (adsorption, desorption and in situ) and two environmental components (suspended and deposited sediments). These distributions and relations can be used to reduce of several order of magnitudes the global variability of Kd values in the case where in situ data are not available. © 201

Hydraulic characterization of a highly anthropized coastal aquifer subject to tidal fluctuations

International audienceThe hydraulic characterization of a highly anthropized coastal aquifer in France is presented. The current industrial operations of the study site prevent the use of standard `active' hydrogeological investigation methods (pumping, slug tests). However, the studied field is bordered on its north-western side by a channel directly connected to the sea, which allows for characterization of the hydraulic properties of the aquifer from its natural responses to the channel's tidal signal. Piezometers (37) were monitored, from which oscillatory water-level responses (amplitude and phase-offset) to the tidal signal were extracted through linear regression and fast Fourier transform. A two-dimensional (2D) numerical model in the frequency domain was built to simulate the oscillations. The anthropic buried walls and barriers existing at the site are represented as 1D elements in a 2D model representing the properties of the aquifer. A deterministic inversion process optimizes the spatial distribution of aquifer properties and anthropic-structure properties in the model, in order to minimize the differences between the responses simulated with the model and those measured in the field. The results of the characterization on this complex study case (flows highly constrained by hydraulic barriers or buildings, and the impossibility to perform pumping tests) generate simulations able to reproduce the observed responses. The property and simulation maps generated make it possible to take into account the impact of the anthropic structures on the groundwater flows and to localize the parts of the hydraulic barriers where most exchanges between the channel and the aquifer occur

Modélisation géostatistique pour la quantification d'incertitudes sur le transfert de polluants dans le sol

National audienc

Large-scale seasonal forecasts of river discharge by coupling local and global datasets with a stacked neural network: Case for the Loire River system

Accurate prediction of river discharge is critical for a wide range of sectors, from human activities to environmental hazard management, especially in the face of increasing demand for water resources and climate change. To address this need, a multivariate model that incorporates both local and global data sources, including river and piezometer gauges, sea level, and climate parameters. By employing phase shift analysis, the model optimizes correlations between the target discharge and 12 parameters related to hydrologic and climatic systems, all sampled daily. In addition, a stacked LSTM - a more complex neural network architecture - is used to improve information extraction ability. Exploring river dynamics in the Loire-Bretagne basin and its surroundings, the investigation delves into predictions in daily time steps for one, three, and six months ahead. The resulting forecast features high accuracy and efficiency in predicting river discharge fluctuations, showcasing superior performance in forecasting drought periods over flood peaks. A detailed examination on data used highlights the significance of both local and global datasets in predicting river discharge, where the former dictates short-term predictions, while the latter drives long-range forecasts. Seasonally extended forecasting confirms a strong connection between the forecast leading time and the shift in data correlation, with lower correlation at a lag of 3 months due to seasonal changes affecting forecast quality, compensated by a higher correlation at a longer lag of 6 months. Such mutual effect in this multi-time-step forecasting improves the predictive quality of a six-month horizon, thus encourages progress in long-term prediction to a seasonal scale. The research establishes a practical foundation for effectively utilizing big data to leverage long-term forecasting of environmental dynamics

Sorption isotherms: A review on physical bases, modeling and measurement

International audienc

Cancer du Cavum à révélation ophtalmologique : A propos de 2 cas

Introduction :Le cancer du rhinopharynx est une pathologie fréquente dans notre contexte. Les manifestations ophtalmologiques sont rarement révélatrices et peuvent être, dans certains cas trompeuses retardant le diagnostic.Matériel et méthode :Nous rapportons deux cas de cancer du cavum révélé par une exophtalmie. Le diagnostic était basé sur l’imagerie et l’endoscopie associée à la biopsie.Conclusion :Les signes ophtalmologiques au cours des carcinomes du cavum sont dus à une extension directe de la tumeur au niveau de l’apex orbitaire et à la base du crâne. La radiothérapie précoce permet le plus souvent une amélioration de l’atteinte visuelle et oculomotrice. La durée d’évolution constitue le principal facteur pronostique

Spatial prediction of groundwater potentiality in large semi‐arid and karstic mountainous region using machine learning models

The drinking and irrigation water scarcity is a major global issue, particularly in arid and semi‐arid zones. In rural areas, groundwater could be used as an alternative and additional water supply source in order to reduce human suffering in terms of water scarcity. In this context, the purpose of the present study is to facilitate groundwater potentiality mapping via spatial‐modelling techniques, individual and ensemble machine‐learning models. Random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) are the main algorithms used in this study. The preparation of groundwater potentiality maps was assembled into 11 ensembles of models. Overall, about 374 groundwater springs was identified and inventoried in the mountain area. The spring inventory data was randomly divided into training (75%) and testing (25%) datasets. Twenty‐four groundwater influencing factors (GIFs) were selected based on a multicollinearity test and the information gain calculation. The results of the groundwater potentiality mapping were validated using statistical measures and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) method. Finally, a ranking of the 15 models was achieved with the prioritization rank method using the compound factor (CF) method. The ensembles of models are the most stable and suitable for groundwater potentiality mapping in mountainous aquifers compared to individual models based on success and prediction rate. The most efficient model using the area under the curve validation method is the RF‐LR‐DT‐ANN ensemble of models. Moreover, the results of the prioritization rank indicate that the best models are the RF‐DT and RF‐LR‐DT ensembles of models