An Evaluation of a new cooking method for shoulder clod and chuck roll roasts of beef

Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 21-22)

Desiccated pancreas as a meat tenderizer

Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (page 8)

An evaluation of roasteak procedure and modifications of the procedure for cooking bottom round of beef

"Publication authorized August 2, 1964

Effects of freezing and frozen storage on palatability of beef, pork, and lamb preroasted at low temperatures

... carried out under Contract No. 12-14-100-7747(73) with the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture ...--P. [2].Digitized 2007 AES MoU.Includes bibliographical references (page 31)

Triiodothyronine suppresses humoral immunity but not T-cell-mediated immune response in incubating female eiders (Somateria mollissima)

Immunity is believed to share limited resources with other physiological functions and this may partly account for the fitness costs of reproduction. Previous studies have shown that the acquired immunity of female common eiders (Somateria mollissima) is suppressed during the incubation fast. To save energy, triiodothyronine (T3) is adaptively decreased during fasting in most bird species, despite T3 levels are maintained throughout incubation in female eiders. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and the immune system is not fully understood. The current study aimed to determine the endocrine mechanisms that underlie immunosuppression in incubating female eiders. ..

Distribution of Aquatic Plants in Keokuk Pool (Navigation Pool 19) of the Upper Mississippi River

Submersed and emergent plants were studied on the lower 42 km of Keokuk Pool (Navigation Pool 19), Upper Mississippi River in 1977. Aquatic plants occurred on a total of 1340 ha. These plants varied in coverage but when aggregated totaled 567 ha, the remainder of the 1340 ha being open water interspersion areas. Submersed species composed 55% of the aquatic plants and emergent species totaled 45 %. Dominant submersed species were Heteranthera dubia, Potamogeton pectinatus, Ceratophyllum demersum and Vallisneria americana. The emergent species documented were Nelumbo lutea and Sagittaria sp. Five major areas of aquatic plant development occurred in the study area, comprising 79.8% of the total aquatic plant area. The areal coverage of aquatic plants in Keokuk Pool increased in 1977, relative to earlier years, presumably because of increased water stability and clarity

Innate immunity, assessed by plasma NO measurements, is not suppressed during the incubation fast in eiders

Immunity is hypothesized to share limited resources with other physiological functions and may mediate life history trade-offs, for example between reproduction and survival. However, vertebrate immune defense is a complex system that consists of three components. To date, no study has assessed all of these components for the same animal model and within a given situation. Previous studies have determined that the acquired immunity of common eiders (Somateria mollissima) is suppressed during incubation. The present paper aims to assess the innate immune response in fasting eiders in relation to their initial body condition. Innate immunity was assessed by measuring plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels, prior to and after injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a method which is easily applicable to many wild animals. Body condition index and corticosterone levels were subsequently determined as indicators of body condition and stress level prior to LPS injection. The innate immune response in eiders did not vary significantly throughout the incubation period. The innate immune response of eiders did not vary significantly in relation to their initial body condition but decreased significantly when corticosterone levels increased. However, NO levels after LPS injection were significantly and positively related to initial body condition, while there was a significant negative relationship with plasma corticosterone levels. Our study suggests that female eiders preserve an effective innate immune response during incubation and this response might be partially determined by the initial body condition

Systemic retention of ingested cantharidin by frogs

Frogs (Rana pipiens) fed on blister beetles (Meloidae) or cantharidin, retain cantharidin systemically. After cessation of feeding, they void the compound relatively quickly. Systemic cantharidin does not protect frogs against ectoparasitic feeding by leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) or predation by snakes (Nerodia sipedon). As suggested by our data, and from reports in the early literature, ingestion of cantharidin-containing frogs can pose a health threat to humans.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43540/1/49_2005_Article_BF01325229.pd