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Cosmopolitanism and transnational elite entrepreneurial practices: manifesting the cosmopolitan disposition in a cosmopolitan city
Purpose
The paper aims to focus on the role that cosmopolitanism and, in particular, “the cosmopolitan disposition” (Woodward et al., 2008) plays in the process of entrepreneurial business by transnational business elites in Dubai.
Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a relational perspective based on Bourdieu and Wacquant’s (1992) Reflexive Sociology, as well as an inductive design, the authors conducted 30 semi-structured interviews focusing on both expatriates and Emiratis (locals/nationals) who displayed key features of a transnational business elite.
Findings
The findings indicate that the cosmopolitan disposition is an asset for transnational business elites when they venture in the context of Dubai.
Research limitations/implications
The findings would have to be further replicated in similar contexts, i.e. other major cities displaying similar cosmopolitan features with Dubai. A theoretical framework that calls for further study of transnational entrepreneurship via the lens of cosmopolitan disposition and Bourdieuan “habitus” is proposed.
Practical implications
The research outlines cosmopolitan skills for a transnational business elite which are required when entrepreneurial ventures are developed in the context of a city like Dubai.
Social implications
Cosmopolitanism and transnational entrepreneurship change cities like Dubai around the world constantly. Therefore, this study aims at achieving a better understanding of these changes and the ways in which they occur.
Originality/value
Studies on transnational entrepreneurship have already adopted Bourdieu’s theory (1977/1986), but this is the first time the cosmopolitan perspective and disposition is researched using this approach
Cosmopolitanism and the elite disposition as diversity factors in the development of entrepreneurship
This paper discusses cosmopolitanism and the elite disposition as diversity factors in the development of entrepreneurship. It will be presented at the 2014 British Academy of Management Conference, held in Belfast
CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio in peritoneal dialysis effluents predicts the outcome of peritonitis in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
The Santorini-Amorgos Shear Zone: Evidence for Dextral Transtension in the South Aegean Back-Arc Region, Greece
Bathymetric and seismic data provide insights into the geomorphological configuration, seismic stratigraphy, structure, and evolution of the area between Santorini, Amorgos, Astypalea, and Anafi islands. Santorini-Amorgos Shear Zone (SASZ) is a NE-SW striking feature that includes seven basins, two shallow ridges, and hosts the volcanic centers of Santorini and Kolumbo. The SASZ initiated in the Early Pliocene as a single, W-E oriented basin. A major reorganization of the geodynamic regime led to (i) reorientation of the older faults and initiation of NE-SW striking ones, (ii) disruption of the single basin and localized subsidence and uplift, (iii) creation of four basins out of the former single one (Anafi, Amorgos South, Amorgos North, and Kinairos basins), (iv) rifting of the northern and southern margins and creation of Anydros, Astypalea North, and Astypalea South basins, and (v) uplift of the ridges. Dextral shearing and oblique rifting are accommodated by NE-SW striking, dextral oblique to strike-slip faults and by roughly W-E striking, normal, transfer faults. It is suggested here that enhanced shearing in NE-SW direction and oblique rifting may be the dominant deformation mechanism in the South Aegean since Early Quaternary associated with the interaction of North Anatolian Fault with the slab roll-back
Seismic profiles across the North Anatolian Fault in the Aegean Sea
International audienceThe North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is a >1200 km-long continental strike-slip fault system, acting as the plate boundary between Eurasia and Anatolia. West of the Yeniçaga fork in Turkey, the NAF divides in two main strands: the Main Marmara Fault crossing the Marmara Sea to the North, and a southern branch of the NAF crossing the Biga Peninsula. Both strands end in the Aegean Sea, connecting conspicuous horsetail terminations offshore eastern Greece at the North Aegean Trough and off Skyros Island. The northern Aegean Sea is therefore a key area to understand the structural evolution of the North Anatolian strike-slip fault system since its formation in the Late Miocene. Stratigraphic markers in the Aegean Sea provide optimal conditions for the study of the fault system evolution at the time scale of 105-106 years. Here we present a new set of shallow seismic reflection data crossing the NAF in the northern Aegean Sea, acquired in July 2017 onboard the R/V Tethys II (INSUCNRS/IFREMER). The penetration of the seismic signal reaches the Messinian unconformity. This new datasetallows us to investigate the sub-surface structure of the fault system and to identify key unconformities related to the formation of the horsetail terminations in the Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene. These new elements will help to better understand the structural evolution of the NAF in the framework of back arc extension in the Aegean Sea since the Late Miocene
A Pilot Study About the Dysfunction of Adipose Tissue in Male, Sleep Apneic Patients in Relation to Psychological Symptoms
A Pilot Study About the Dysfunction of Adipose Tissue in Male, Sleep Apneic Patients in Relation to Psychological Symptoms
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its cardiometabolic
alterations are closely associated with visceral obesity. Patients with
OSA frequently present with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Although
these subjective symptoms of OSA are the result of complex biological
dysregulation, it remains unclear if they have a direct effect on the
dysfunction of adipose tissue.
Methods: In a pilot, prospective, randomized study, we evaluated 10
recently diagnosed male patients with severe OSA by full polysomnography
(PSG) and 4 male non-apneic subjects matched for age and body mass index
(BMI) with abdomen adipose tissue biopsies. Subjects with
diabetes/prediabetes and cardiovascular and psychiatric diseases and who
are current smokers were excluded. All patients underwent anthropometric
measurements and completed the following questionnaires: Epworth
Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Hospital
Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A and HADS-D). Fasting venous blood
samples were collected on the day after PSG, between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m.,
after an overnight fast. Fat biopsies were performed at the same time
periods and adipose tissue samples of 300 mg were obtained from
abdominal fat. Fat cell size, extent of fibrosis, vascularity, leukocyte
common antigen inflammatory infiltration, and tissue macrophage
accumulation were microscopically evaluated.
Results: The mean age of the group was 47.4 +/- 13.8 years, with mean
BMI of 35.8 +/- 4.8 kg/m(2) and mean apnea-hypopnea index of 79.4 +/-
46.1 events per hour of sleep (severe OSA). HADS-A and HADS-D scores
were 5.8 +/- 2.3 (3.0-8.0) and 4.7 +/- 2.3 (2.0-8.0), respectively.
HADS-A score correlated positively with macrophage accumulation in fat
biopsy (r = 0.82, p = 0.047), whereas ESS, FSS, and HADS-D did not.
Severity of fibrosis correlated largely with waist circumference (r =
-0.66, p = 0.038) and neck circumference (r = -0.790, p = 0.006).
Respiratory events correlated negatively with the extent of
vascularization of adipose tissue (r = -0.614, p = 0.05).
Conclusions: In the preliminary results of our pilot study, we assessed
that the symptoms of anxiety mainly contribute to macrophage
accumulation, whereas the increased number of respiratory events reduces
the extent of vascularization in visceral fat in OSA. Based on this
observation, further larger studies are required to verify if anxious
OSA patients are more vulnerable to the metabolic manifestations of the
syndrome
Searching for Neolithic sites in the Bay of Kiladha, Greece
Since the excavations at Franchthi Cave in the 1960s and 1970s, the possibility of finding a submerged Neolithic site in the Bay of Kiladha has been discussed. Initial research, based on marine geophysical survey and core sampling, brought contrasted results. Starting in 2012, new parts of the Bay were investigated, using different techniques and improved methods, such as geological-geophysical survey, further core sampling (including the finding of artefacts and anthropogenic indicators of a given date in the cores), shallow water ERT (with an adapted methodology), and underwater excavation. The combined evidence leads to a reconsideration of previous work, to the discovery of submerged structures directly off the cave, which might well be Neolithic walls, and points to the existence of two new submerged sites, one dating to the Neolithic, in the middle of the Bay, and the other to the Final Neolithic/Early Bronze Age I, at Lambayanna. The implications of these findings are discussed as well