THE EFFECTS STREET-NETWORK CONFIGURATION IN MODELLING WALKABILITY THROUGH SPACE SYNTAX

This study investigates street network connectivity in an informal settlement, Kampong Taman Sari, Bandung. It generally refers to the informal residential area with minimum facilities and urban services. The majority of these settlements depict irregular patterns and narrow paths or alleys. Thus, kampong inhabitants mainly rely on walking, biking, and riding motorcycles to access vital urban features and functions. This purpose study is to examine the potential connectivity not only for accessibility but also for evacuation movement in an informal settlement. This investigation also aims to understand an associative relation between street-network configuration and informal settlement patterns with the probability distribution of pedestrian movement. This study utilizes computational street network analysis through the space syntax method that consists of two distinctive evaluations, such as axial analysis and visual graph analysis. The following result depicts the spatial accessibility, integration, permeability, walkability, and connectivity based on this relation. Experimenting in modelling a walkable kampong in the urban environment will conduce to urban design qualities of the street environment and street network layout for pedestrians or users

Exploring the perceived dimensions of open spaces\u27 elements influencing outdoor thermal comfort in the Indonesian context

Several studies have investigated the elements determining the thermal comfort of open spaces through the use of physical and physiological approaches. The findings showed that psychological adaptation plays an equally important role as physical and physiological adaptation in outdoor thermal comfort. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the elements of open spaces which perceptually influence thermal comfort in the Indonesian context through the use of a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach. The qualitative was used in the first phase through the development of a web-based questionnaire with open-ended questions and content analysis which was used to produce 24 variables. These were further applied in the second phase to develop the second questionnaire which contains closed-ended questions after which the data obtained were analyzed using factor analysis to determine the perceived dimensions of open spaces’ elements. The results showed 10 perceived dimensions of open spaces’ elements influencing outdoor thermal comfort. Moreover, the multiple regression analysis indicated only “shading”, “visual and auditory aspects”, and “natural elements and friends’ company” had a significant effect but the last two dimensions cannot be tested using physical and physiological approaches. These findings are expected to enrich place-making guidelines required to assist urban designers and administrators in developing more comfortable and livable open spaces for residents

Analisis Iklim Mikro Kawasan Berdasarkan Kerapatan Bangunan dan Vegetasi di Kawasan Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Kampus Ganesha Bagian Selatan

This study was conducted with the goal to identify parameters for a comfortable and cool outdoor environment, particularly in a tropical country like Indonesia. However, no previous research has been conducted to investigate the relationship between building configuration, vegetation density, and climatic conditions in campus areas, particularly the ITB Ganesha campus. As a result, the purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the microclimate on the ITB Ganesha campus using Envi-MET simulations. Thermal comfort factors affected by building configuration and vegetation density are examined in order to determine the relationship between those factors and microclimatic conditions in the campus area. This study employs quantitative methods, including simulation using ENVI-met software and comparison of the characteristics of the areas with data from the simulation. According to the findings, areas with higher vegetation density and lower yet more organized building configurations are cooler and more comfortable than areas with lower vegetation density and lower yet less organized building configurations. This research could lead to new insights for campus planning and development, as well as help create a healthy and comfortable environment on the ITB Ganesha campus while facing the global climate crisis. Aside from that, this study can be used as a reference for decision-making in the field of urban and environmental planning to improve life quality by improving outdoor environmental quality.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui parameter dari lingkungan luar ruangan yang nyaman dan sejuk, terutama di negara tropis seperti Indonesia. Namun, belum ada penelitian sebelumnya yang menganalisis hubungan antara konfigurasi bangunan, kerapatan vegetasi, dan kondisi iklim di kawasan kampus, seperti di kawasan Institut Teknologi Bandung kampus Ganesha. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis iklim mikro di kampus ITB Ganesha. Faktor kenyamanan termal yang dipengaruhi oleh konfigurasi bangunan dan kerapatan vegetasi dianalisis untuk memahami hubungan antara faktor-faktor tersebut dengan kondisi iklim mikro di dalam kampus. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode kuantitatif berupa simulasi menggunakan software ENVI-met yang kemudian dilakukan perbandingan antara tiap karakteristik kawasan dengan data hasil simulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa area dengan kerapatan vegetasi yang lebih tinggi serta bangunan yang lebih rendah dan teratur memiliki kondisi iklim mikro yang lebih sejuk dan nyaman dibanding area dengan kerapatan vegetasi yang lebih rendah serta konfigurasi bangunan yang lebih tinggi dan padat. Penemuan ini dapat memberikan wawasan bagi perencanaan dan pengembangan kawasan kampus, serta memberikan kontribusi dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang nyaman dan sehat di kampus ITB Ganesha dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim global. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga dapat menjadi referensi bagi pengambil keputusan di bidang perencanaan kota dan lingkungan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan manusia melalui perbaikan kualitas lingkungan luar ruangan

The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer “Bio Ferti” Application on the Growth Rate of Spirulina platensis by Using Haldane Model

This experimental research was performed to observe the influence of an agricultural liquid organic fertilizer called Bio Ferti on the growth and biomass of Spirulina platensis, aiming at replacing inorganic fertilizer with the liquid organic one. The cultivation of the microalgae was conducted over seven days at Nogotirto Algae Park. The liquid organic fertilizer, namely Bio Ferti, was obtained from the Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, and prepared to have doses of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mL. For comparison, an inorganic fertilizer with the same doses was also prepared. The variables to be observed were cell density, dry cell weight, and growth kinetics. The culture medium conditions observed were temperature, pH, and salinity (the optimum salinity was 20 ppt). The growth kinetic analysis was performed mathematically using numerical simulations using the Contois and the Haldane models. This research’s results showed that Bio Ferti affected the growth rate of Spirulina platensis. With a dose of 2 mL, it became the optimum medium which produced the highest density and dry weight of 1.78x106 cells/mL and 160 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the inorganic fertilizer with a dose of 10 mL produced the highest density and dry weight of 2,13x105 and 80 mg/mL, respectively. The temperature ranged from 28 to 31°C, while the pH ranged from 8.01 to 9.02 for each medium. The suitable model to describe the growth kinetics of Spirulina platensis was the Haldane model

Algae and building façade revisited. A study of façade system for infill design

Buildings account for around 30 percent of the world’s total energy consumption and a similar percentage of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions the main cause of climate change. The building sector is a major energy consumer, and empirical research reveals that carbon-dioxide emissions from the building sector exceed those of the industry and transport sectors. Contextual juxtaposition has commonly been applied in designing a new building in the historic district. In the realm of design, such philosophy-based design approach requires objective measurements. When new glass building considered, the question on greenhouse gas emissions becomes significant. To minimize energy consumption and reduce sun glare, brise-soleil and horizontal fixed shading devices have been used as elements of building’s facade. Nowadays, algae as part of building facade system have been used in creating a healthier indoor environment. This paper is written based on an on-going architectural design-based research on the use and role of algae as part of the building facade system. The new building of ITB Innovation Park is used as an infill project. With the help of modelling and extensive literature survey, this research will investigate how far the building (facade) design is affected by considerations on energy consumption pattern and environmental condition

Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments – Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe?

International audienc

THE CLIMATE SENSITIVE DESIGN IN HOT-HUMID URBAN DESIGN

Urban and microclimate have intense relationship that affecting each other’s. Specific urban structure can affect microclimate because of high radiation generated. In the other side, urban structure blocks distribution of incoming wind. Urban structure changes how the microclimate influences the city. The successful urban structure can impact how outdoors open spaces are used meanwhile good open spaces are affected by how comfortable can be accepted. Microclimate control is the first element has to be considered to design comfortable outdoor open spaces. This research used monthly mean air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, vapor pressure, and wind velocity for the period 2009–20014 to simulate any type of microclimate situation that influence thermal comfort in the urban context. Data were collected from 3 selected meteorological stations in Jakarta and websites. PET (physiological equivalent temperature) is used to assess the value of thermal comfort in outdoor spaces. This study shows that hot-humid city has abundance solar radiation, which influences the heat in the urban area that need to be released immediately meanwhile because of the urban structure reduce the wind velocity that enter into the urban area, the city does not has strong energy to release the heat. So urban structure has to be well designed to make wind can release the heat trapped in the urban area

GLASS AND PERFORATED METAL DOUBLE SKIN FAÇADE PERFORMANCE IN HOT HUMID CLIMATE

The construction of a sustainable building in Indonesia has increased in recent years. Middle- to high-rise buildings are encouraged to enhance its performance to reduce energy demands. With maximum temperature 34°C, most of the buildings in Indonesia utilize mechanical air conditioning to achieve indoor thermal comfort. In this research, the performance of campus building with Double Skin Façade (DSF) in Indonesia would be quantitatively assessed and simulated by utilizing Autodesk Revit and Green Building Studio. In respect to façade material, actual cavity width, inner and outer layer façade type, and also weather condition, these simulations are expected to produce comparison result between four DSF material configurations which are perforated metal, single glazing, double glazing, and triple glazing. From the simulation, the results show that perforated metal DSF could consume 5%-23.16% more energy for space cooling compared to building with glass DSF

THE EFFECTS STREET-NETWORK CONFIGURATION IN MODELLING WALKABILITY THROUGH SPACE SYNTAX

This study investigates street network connectivity in an informal settlement, Kampong Taman Sari, Bandung. It generally refers to the informal residential area with minimum facilities and urban services. The majority of these settlements depict irregular patterns and narrow paths or alleys. Thus, kampong inhabitants mainly rely on walking, biking, and riding motorcycles to access vital urban features and functions. This purpose study is to examine the potential connectivity not only for accessibility but also for evacuation movement in an informal settlement. This investigation also aims to understand an associative relation between street-network configuration and informal settlement patterns with the probability distribution of pedestrian movement. This study utilizes computational street network analysis through the space syntax method that consists of two distinctive evaluations, such as axial analysis and visual graph analysis. The following result depicts the spatial accessibility, integration, permeability, walkability, and connectivity based on this relation. Experimenting in modelling a walkable kampong in the urban environment will conduce to urban design qualities of the street environment and street network layout for pedestrians or users