STRATONİKEİA ANTİK KENTİ BATI CADDE KİLİSE İSKELETLERİNİN ANTROPOLOJİK ANALİZİ

STRATONİKEİA ANTİK KENTİ BATI CADDE KİLİSE İSKELETLERİNİN ANTROPOLOJİK ANALİZİ Esra Hilal KAYA Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Arkeoloji Anabilim Dalı Tez Danışmanı: Doç. Dr. Murat AYDAŞ 2020, XVI+70 sayfa Bu tez çalışmasının materyalini, Prof. Dr. Bilal Söğüt Başkanlığı’nda 2014-2016 yılları arasında Batı Cadde Kazıları sırasında Kilise Nekropolü’nde ortaya çıkarılan iskelet kalıntıları oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmalar, 59 mezardan 103 bireye odaklanmıştır. Kilisenin 4. yüzyılda yapıldığı ve M. S. 7. yüzyılda terk edildiği söylenmektedir ve mezarların Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne, yani M. S. 11-12 yüzyıllara tarihlendiği söylenir ancak bu varsayımlar kesin değildir. İskelet kalıntıları cinsiyet, yaş ve patoloji olmak üzere üç ana bölümde incelenmiştir. 103 bireyde patolojik olgularda yüksek oranlı travmalar ayrı kategoriler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Kalıtımın temelini oluşturan konjenital anomaliler (malformasyonlar) ayrı başlıklarda verilmektedir. Bu gözlemleri istatistiksel bağlamda açıklamak yeterli olsada, bize akrabalık bilgisini ve iskeletlerin tüm genom özelliklerini verebilecek örnekler alarak kanıtlarımızı açıklığa kavuşturmak için uluslararası ortaklarla çalışmalar yapılmıştır.İÇİNDEKİLER KABUL VE ONAY SAYFASI..............................................................................................iii BİLİMSEL ETİK BİLDİRİM SAYFASI...............................................................................iv ÖZET....................................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ...........................................................................................................................vi ÖNSÖZ..................................................................................................................................vii ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ............................................................................................................ x TABLOLAR DİZİNİ..............................................................................................................xi RESİMLER DİZİNİ..............................................................................................................xii HARİTALAR DİZİNİ.........................................................................................................xiiv GRAFİKLER DİZİNİ ........................................................................................................... xv EKLER DİZİNİ....................................................................................................................xvi GİRİŞ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1. BÖLÜM............................................................................................................................ 18 1. KAVRAMSAL VE KURAMSAL ÇERÇEVE................................................................. 18 1.1. Demografi Çalışmaları ve Paleodemografi................................................................ 18 1.2. Paleopatolojik Çalışmalar ve İnsan İskeletinde Gözlemlenebilen Patolojiler........... 20 1.2.1. Konjenital Anomaliler (Doğuştan Kaynaklı Anomaliler) ............................... 20 1.2.1.1. Spina Bifida......................................................................................... 20 1.2.1.2. Atlas Occipitalizasyonu....................................................................... 21 1.2.1.3. Sakralizasyon ve Lumbalizasyon........................................................ 21 1.3. Yaşam Biçimine Bağlı Gerçekleşen Hastalıklar........................................................ 22 1.3.1. Dejeneratif Eklem Hastalıkları ........................................................................ 22 1.3.1.1. Schmorl Nodülleri............................................................................... 23 1.4. Metabolik Hastalıklar: ............................................................................................... 23 1.4.1. Cribra Orbitalia................................................................................................ 23 1.4.2. D Vitamini Eksikliği........................................................................................ 23 ix 1.5. Travmalar................................................................................................................... 24 2. BÖLÜM............................................................................................................................ 25 2. BULGULAR VE DEĞERLENDİRMELER .................................................................... 25 2.1. Batı Cadde Kilise İskeletlerinin Paleodemografisi.................................................... 25 2.1.1. Cinsiyet Dağılımı............................................................................................. 25 2.1.2. Yaş ve Boy Dağılımı ....................................................................................... 26 2.2. Batı Cadde Kilise İskeletlerinde Gözlemlenen Paleopatolojiler................................ 28 2.2.1. Batı Cadde Kilise İskeletlerinde Konjenital Anomaliler................................. 29 2.2.1.1. Spina Bifida......................................................................................... 29 2.2.1.2. Atlas Occipitalizasyonu....................................................................... 31 2.2.1.3. Sakralizasyon ve Lumbalizasyon ........................................................ 33 2.3. Batı Cadde Kilise İskeletlerinde Gözlemlenen Yaşam Biçimine Bağlı Gerçekleşen Hastalıklar ............................................................................................................... 36 2.3.1. Dejeneratif Eklem Hastalıkları ........................................................................ 37 2.4. Batı Cadde Kilise İskeletlerinde Metobolik Hastalıklar............................................ 40 2.4.1. Cribra Orbitalia................................................................................................ 40 2.4.2. D Vitamini Eksikliği........................................................................................ 42 2.5. Batı Cadde Kilise İskeletlerinde Travmalar............................................................... 42 3. TARTIŞMA VE SONUÇ................................................................................................ 48 4. KAYNAKLAR................................................................................................................. 55 5. EKLER ............................................................................................................................. 58 ÖZGEÇMİŞ ......................................................................................................................... 7

The genetic history of the Southern Arc: a bridge between West Asia and Europe

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra–West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe

The role of omentin in early pregnancy losses

This prospective case-control study aimed to investigate the role of omentin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine in early pregnancy losses. The study comprised 47 women with spontaneous miscarriage at a gestational age of 8–12 weeks and 36 healthy pregnant women, matched for age, body mass index and gestational age, gravdity and parity. A significant negative correlation was determined between plasma omentin concentrations and body weight (r= −0.242, p = .027) and gestational age (r= −0.249, p = .023). Although not statistically, the women with spontaneous miscarriage had higher plasma concentrations of omentin compared to those with healthy pregnancies (7.798 ± 3.453 ng/ml vs. 7.200 ± 3.442 ng/ml, p = .435). This finding might support the hypothesis that increased inflammation plays a role in the etiopathogenesis of early pregnancy losses. These results revealed the potential use of omentin to predict unhealthy pregnancies.Impact statement What is already known on the subject of the paper? The exact mechanism of early pregnancy loss with euploid foetal karyotype has not been elucidated yet. An alteration in the physiological inflammatory response of pregnancy might be one of the mechanisms responsible for miscarriage. What does this study add? To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the role of omentin in early pregnancy loss. The results obtained from this current study could be used to clarify the relationship between inflammatory processes and miscarriage. What are the implications for clinical practice and/or further research? Identification of the role of omentin in the process of early pregnancy losses would be helpful in order to design further studies to determine the feasibility of using omentin as a serum marker to predict the risk of miscarriage in early pregnancies. Additionally, understanding of the etiopathogenesis of early pregnancy losses with euploid karyotype will give a lead to further researches which could focus on exploring new interventions to detect and treat altered inflammation in early pregnancies

Has the COVID-19 pandemic changed attitudes and behaviors concerning cosmetic care and procedures among patients presenting to the dermatology outpatient clinic? A multicenter study with 1437 participants

Background The rate of cosmetic procedures and use of skincare products is considered to be affected during the pandemic period; however, this has not been investigated yet. Objective To determine whether the ongoing pandemic has changed people's habits related to skincare products and cosmetic procedures. Methods We conducted a multicenter survey study covering both private and public hospitals. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical diagnoses of the patients were noted by dermatologists. A survey was used to determine the type and application areas of skincare products and cosmetic procedures before and during the pandemic, whether the patients were concerned about being infected, and any change in the make-up habits of female patients. Results Of the 1437 patients, 86.7% presented to the hospital due to dermatological complaints and 13.3% for cosmetic procedures. The rate of those that did not use skincare products was 0.05% before and 0.06% during the pandemic. Of the participants, 43.2% had undergone cosmetic procedures before and 38.1% during the pandemic. For both periods, the most frequent cosmetic procedure applied was laser epilation, followed by skincare treatment and chemical peeling. While undergoing these procedures, 34.9% of the patients were concerned about contracting coronavirus. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the use of skincare products and cosmetic procedures before and during the pandemic. The majority of the patients continued to undergo these procedures despite their fear of being infected. This shows that during the pandemic period, patients are concerned with their appearance and continue to undergo cosmetic procedures and pay attention to their skincare

What We Learned about COVID-19 So Far? Notes from Underground

The novel coronavirus pandemic poses a major global threat to public health. Our knowledge concerning every aspect of COVID-19 is evolving rapidly, given the increasing data from all over the world. In this narrative review, the Turkish Thoracic Society Early Career Taskforce members aimed to provide a summary on recent literature regarding epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of COVID-19. Studies revealed that the genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus showed significant identity to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor is an important target of the SARS-CoV-2 while entering an organism. Smokers were more likely to develop the disease and have a higher risk for ICU admission. The mean incubation period was 6.4 days, whereas asymptomatic transmission was reported up to 25 days after infection. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms, and cardiovascular diseases and hypertension were reported to be the most common comorbidities among patients. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic and mild disease to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Several patients showed typical symptoms and radiological changes with negative RT-PCR but positive IgG and IgM antibodies. Although radiological findings may vary, bilateral, peripherally distributed, ground-glass opacities were typical of COVID-19. Poor prognosis was associated with older age, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and high D-dimer level. Chloroquine was found to be effective in reducing viral replication in vitro. Likewise, protease inhibitors, including lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir, and nucleoside analogue remdesivir were proposed to be the potential drug candidates in COVID-19 management. Despite these efforts, we still have much to learn regarding the transmission, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19

What We Learned about COVID-19 So Far? Notes from Underground

The novel coronavirus pandemic poses a major global threat to public health. Our knowledge concerning every aspect of COVID-19 is evolving rapidly, given the increasing data from all over the world. In this narrative review, the Turkish Thoracic Society Early Career Taskforce members aimed to provide a summary on recent literature regarding epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of COVID-19. Studies revealed that the genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus showed significant identity to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor is an important target of the SARS-CoV-2 while entering an organism. Smokers were more likely to develop the disease and have a higher risk for ICU admission. The mean incubation period was 6.4 days, whereas asymptomatic transmission was reported up to 25 days after infection. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms, and cardiovascular diseases and hypertension were reported to be the most common comorbidities among patients. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic and mild disease to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Several patients showed typical symptoms and radiological changes with negative RT-PCR but positive IgG and IgM antibodies. Although radiological findings may vary, bilateral, peripherally distributed, ground-glass opacities were typical of COVID-19. Poor prognosis was associated with older age, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and high D-dimer level. Chloroquine was found to be effective in reducing viral replication in vitro. Likewise, protease inhibitors, including lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir, and nucleoside analogue remdesivir were proposed to be the potential drug candidates in COVID-19 management. Despite these efforts, we still have much to learn regarding the transmission, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19

What We Learned about COVID-19 So Far? Notes from Underground

The novel coronavirus pandemic poses a major global threat to public health. Our knowledge concerning every aspect of COVID-19is evolving rapidly, given the increasing data from all over the world. In this narrative review, the Turkish Thoracic Society Early CareerTaskforce members aimed to provide a summary on recent literature regarding epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment,prevention, and control of COVID-19. Studies revealed that the genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus showed significant identityto SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor is an important target of the SARS-CoV-2 while entering anorganism. Smokers were more likely to develop the disease and have a higher risk for ICU admission. The mean incubation periodwas 6.4 days, whereas asymptomatic transmission was reported up to 25 days after infection. Fever and cough were the most commonsymptoms, and cardiovascular diseases and hypertension were reported to be the most common comorbidities among patients. Clinicalmanifestations range from asymptomatic and mild disease to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Several patients showed typicalsymptoms and radiological changes with negative RT-PCR but positive IgG and IgM antibodies. Although radiological findings may vary,bilateral, peripherally distributed, ground-glass opacities were typical of COVID-19. Poor prognosis was associated with older age, higherSequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and high D-dimer level. Chloroquine was found to be effective in reducing viral replicationin vitro. Likewise, protease inhibitors, including lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir, and nucleoside analogue remdesivir were proposed to bethe potential drug candidates in COVID-19 management. Despite these efforts, we still have much to learn regarding the transmission,treatment, and prevention of COVID-19WOS:0005409044000092-s2.0-8508693317