Co-occurrence, stability and manifestation of child and adolescent mental health problems: a latent transition analysis

Background Complex constellations of socio-emotional and behavioural problems (i.e., mental health problems) in childhood and adolescence are common and heighten the risk for subsequent personality, anxiety and mood disorders in adulthood. Aims of this study included the examination of patterns of mental health problems (e.g., externalizing-internalizing co-occurrence) and their transitions to reported mental disorders by using a longitudinal person-centered approach (latent class and latent transition analysis). Methods The sample consisted of 1255 children and adolescents (51.7% female, mean age = 12.3 years, age range 8–26 years) from three time points of the comprehensive mental health and wellbeing BELLA study. Children and their parents completed the German SDQ (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, Goodman, 1997) and reported on diagnoses of ADHD, depression, and anxiety. Results Latent class analysis identified a normative class, an emotional problem class, and a multiple problem class. According to latent transition analysis, the majority of the sample (91.6%) did not change latent class membership over time; 14.7% of individuals showed a persistent pattern of mental health problems. Diagnoses of mental disorders were more likely to be reported by individuals in the emotional problem or multiple problem class. Conclusions Results highlight the need for early prevention of mental health problems to avoid accumulation and manifestation in the transition to adolescence and young adulthood

The relationship of self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity and health-related quality of life in adolescents

"Background: Physical activity (PA) has benefcial efects on health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which is a protective factor of illness and mortality. The purpose of this examination was to investigate if self-reported and device-based measures of PA were related to HRQoL in adolescents. Methods: Participants (N=1565; 54.3% female; Mage=14.37 years, SDage=1.99) were recruited from 167 sample points across Germany. Adolescents self-reported their PA, supplemented by a 1-week examination of device-based PA using accelerometry. Additionally, they completed the multidimensional KIDSCREEN-27 to assess HRQoL. Results: Results showed that self-reported PA was correlated with overall HRQoL, Physical Well-Being, Psychological Well-Being, Social Support & Peers, and School Environment, whereas device-based PA was only correlated with Physi‑ cal as well as Psychological Well-Being. Further, self-reported PA signifcantly predicted all facets of HRQoL except for Autonomy and Parent Relations, whereas device-based PA solely heightened the amount of explained variance in the Physical Well-Being subscale. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate the importance of self-reported PA as it is related to almost all facets of HRQoL. Both measures of PA are not congruent in their relationship with HRQoL and thus implications have to be carefully considered. Future studies should investigate the direct efect of PA on HRQoL and health in a longitudinal approach to account for the causality of efects.

The relationship of self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity and health-related quality of life in adolescents

Background Physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which is a protective factor of illness and mortality. The purpose of this examination was to investigate if self-reported and device-based measures of PA were related to HRQoL in adolescents. Methods Participants (N = 1565; 54.3% female; Mage = 14.37 years, SDage = 1.99) were recruited from 167 sample points across Germany. Adolescents self-reported their PA, supplemented by a 1-week examination of device-based PA using accelerometry. Additionally, they completed the multidimensional KIDSCREEN-27 to assess HRQoL. Results Results showed that self-reported PA was correlated with overall HRQoL, Physical Well-Being, Psychological Well-Being, Social Support & Peers, and School Environment, whereas device-based PA was only correlated with Physical as well as Psychological Well-Being. Further, self-reported PA significantly predicted all facets of HRQoL except for Autonomy and Parent Relations, whereas device-based PA solely heightened the amount of explained variance in the Physical Well-Being subscale. Conclusions Findings demonstrate the importance of self-reported PA as it is related to almost all facets of HRQoL. Both measures of PA are not congruent in their relationship with HRQoL and thus implications have to be carefully considered. Future studies should investigate the direct effect of PA on HRQoL and health in a longitudinal approach to account for the causality of effects

The clustering of the SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey DR14 quasar sample : measurement of the growth rate of structure from the anisotropic correlation function between redshift 0.8 and 2.2

We present the clustering measurements of quasars in configuration space based on the Data Release 14 (DR14) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. This dataset includes 148,659 quasars spread over the redshift range 0.8 ≤ z ≤ 2.2 and spanning 2112.9 square degrees. We use the Convolution Lagrangian Perturbation Theory (CLPT) approach with a Gaussian Streaming (GS) model for the redshift space distortions of the correlation function and demonstrate its applicability for dark matter halos hosting eBOSS quasartracers. At the effective redshift zeff = 1.52, we measure the linear growth rate of structure fσ8(zeff)= 0.426 ± 0.077, the expansion rate H(zeff) = 159^{+12}_{-13} (r_s^fid/rs)km.s-1.Mpc-1, and the angular diameterdistance DA(zeff)=1850^{+90}_{-115} (rs/r_s^fid) Mpc, where rs is the sound horizon at the end of the baryon drag epoch and r_s^fid is its value in the fiducial cosmology. The quoted errors include both systematic and statistical contributions. The results on the evolution of distances are consistent with the predictions of flat Λ-Cold Dark Matter (Λ-CDM) cosmology with Planck parameters, and the measurement of fσ8 extends the validity of General Relativity (GR) to higher redshifts (z > 1). This paper is released with companion papers using the same sample. The results on the cosmological parameters of the studies are found to be in very good agreement, providing clear evidence of the complementarity and of the robustness of the first full-shape clustering measurements with the eBOSS DR14 quasar sample.PostprintPeer reviewe

Intervention zur Förderung der Gesundheitskompetenz älterer Menschen – Ergebnisse des Projekts „GeWinn“

<jats:title>Zusammenfassung</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Hintergrund</jats:title> <jats:p>Studien belegen, dass die Bevölkerungsgruppe der Personen ab 65 Jahren über eine unzureichende Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) verfügt. Es gibt nur wenige kommunale Angebote zur Stärkung der GK für diese Adressaten.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Ziel der Arbeit</jats:title> <jats:p>Ziel war die Entwicklung und Erprobung einer GK-Intervention in den Bereichen Gesundheitsförderung und Selbstmanagement chronischer Erkrankungen älterer Menschen im kommunalen Setting.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Material und Methoden</jats:title> <jats:p>Es wurde ein 53-wöchiges Programm mit selbstständig arbeitenden Senior*innengruppen und Peer-Moderation in 14 Gemeinden Bayerns und Sachsen-Anhalts partizipativ entwickelt und umgesetzt. Die Wirkung der Intervention auf die Gesundheitskompetenz wurde anhand eines quasiexperimentellen Evaluationsdesigns zu 3 Messzeitpunkten mittels des HLS-EU-Q16 untersucht.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Ergebnisse</jats:title> <jats:p>Von den 183 eingeschlossenen Personen (Durchschnittsalter: 69,1 ± 6,7 Jahre; 20,8 % männlich) verfügten 44,1 % der Teilnehmenden (TN) und 34,5 % der Gruppenleitung (GL) zu Beginn der Intervention über eine unzureichende oder problematische GK (am Ende: 36,4 % der TN, 27,6 % der GL). Eine ANOVA mit Messwiederholung (<jats:italic>F</jats:italic> [1,91, 346,85] = 16,95, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0,001, partielles η<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0,085) ergab einen statistisch signifikanten Effekt der Intervention auf die GK-Werte der Senior*innen. Ähnliche Effekte zeigten sich auch in den einzelnen Subdimensionen der GK.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Diskussion</jats:title> <jats:p>Die Struktur der GeWinn-Intervention mit dem Prinzip selbstständig arbeitender Gruppen in Kommunen eignet sich zur Steigerung der Gesundheitskompetenz älterer Menschen. Im Zuge der nachhaltigen Verankerung sollten in Zukunft verstärkt vulnerable Zielgruppen (bspw. Senior*innen mit niedrigem Sozialstatus, Migranten) angesprochen und einbezogen werden.</jats:p> </jats:sec&gt