Differential expression of salivary glycoproteins in aggressive and chronic periodontitis

OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to compare the pattern of secretion and the expression of mucin glycoprotein-2 (MG2) and lactoferrin in individuals with or without periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five individuals with aggressive periodontitis (APG), 5 with generalized chronic periodontitis (CPG) and 5 without periodontitis (CG) were enrolled after informed consent. Non-stimulated and stimulated submandibular and sublingual saliva was collected and samples analyzed by Western blot probed with specific antibodies. RESULTS: Stimulated and non-stimulated salivary flow rates did not differ among groups. Western blot analysis revealed that stimulation led to: an increase in MG2 expression in all groups, and to lactoferrin expression in APG and CPG. In non-stimulated saliva, CG exhibited the highest expression of both glycoproteins. In stimulated saliva, CG exhibited the highest expression of MG2, whereas APG the highest of lactoferrin. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of secretion of MG2 and lactoferrin in health and disease is complex. Although the present study analyzed samples from a limited number of participants, the reduced expression of MG2 and lactoferrin in APG and CPG under non-stimulated condition, the predominant circumstance of salivary secretion during the day, suggests that these salivary constituents may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of these diseases

Avaliação de amidos modificados empregados na mineração para aplicação em fluidos de perfuração de poços de petróleo

Amidos e seus derivados são utilizados em praticamente todos os setores industriais. Na indústria petrolíferapodem ser empregados como aditivos controladores de filtrado, os quais controlam eficazmente a perda defluido para a formação rochosa adjacente. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o uso de amidos, demandioca e de milho, utilizados na mineração, como redutor de filtrado em fluidos de perfuração poliméricospara poços de petróleo e gás. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas: na primeira etapa, cinco diferentes tiposde amidos modificados foram caracterizados por meio dos ensaios de viscosidade e índice de solubilidade emágua; na segunda, as amostras de amido foram avaliadas de acordo com a norma da Petrobras (PE-2POC-00727-0) e, na terceira e última etapa, as amostras que, atenderam as especificações da norma, foram avaliadasnas concentrações de 0 a 9g/350mL de água, em uma formulação típica de fluido polimérico visandoavaliar as propriedades reológicas e de filtração. Os dados obtidos foram comparados com um fluido poliméricoaditivado com amido comercial. Os resultados demonstraram que dentre as cinco amostras estudadas,apenas a denominada de CMAN-AV foi considerada aprovada na norma e, quando adicionada ao fluidopolimérico conferiu propriedades reológicas e de filtração semelhantes ao fluido aditivado com o amidocomercial. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a amostra CMAN-AV pode ser utilizada como redutor de filtrado emfluido de perfuração polimérico.Palavras-chave: amidos, redutor de filtrado, fluido polimérico

REGENERAÇÃO DE DUNAS FRONTAIS NO BALNEÁRIO DO MAR GROSSO, SÃO JOSÉ DO NORTE, RS

Este trabalho visa analisar a regeneração de dunas frontais no balneário do Mar Grosso, município de São José do Norte, sul do Brasil, decorrente de ações de manejo, bem como avaliar a estabilidade da costa no local nos últimos anos. Foi realizada a descrição da situação anterior, bem como o acompanhamento do processo de manejo, utilizando relatos e fotografias de campo. Imagens orbitais obtidas no software Google Earth PRO® e imagens de drone possibilitaram caracterizar a situação mais atual do local. Devido a migração de sedimentos eólicos sobre edificações, entre 2005 e 2009 foram aplicadas diversas ações, como técnicas de retenção de sedimentos, de modo que as dunas fossem recuperadas. Houve relativa estabilidade entre os processos erosivos e de sedimentação da linha de costa entre 2006 e 2015, o que foi relevante na manutenção das ações de manejo implantadas

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

The authors present a rare case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a 31 year old female patient with vulvar, peri-anal and oral lesions, diabetes insipidus, pulmonary skin and bone infiltrations. Skin biopsy immunohistochemistry presented positive S100 protein and vimentine, but the diagnosis was done with the demonstration of Birbeck granules with eletronic mucroscopy. The treatment was based on systemical chemotherapy although vulvar lesion has a bad response to chemotherapy.Os autores apresentam um caso raro de histiocitose de célula de Langerhans com apresentação lentamente progressiva, lesão vulvar, peri-anal e oral, diabete insipidus, infiltração pulmonar, dérmica e óssea em paciente de 31 anos. A imunohistoquímica da biopsia de pele foi: proteína S-100 e vimentina positivas, porém o diagnóstico definitivo foi feito pela demonstração de grânulos de Birbeck à microscopia eletrônica. O tratamento baseia-se em quimioterapia sistêmica e a lesão vulvar tem má resposta à quimioterapia.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

OBSTÉTRICIA NA ATUAÇÃO DA MELHORIA DOS RESULTADOS PSICOSSOCIAIS EM: GESTANTES, PARTURIENTES E PUÉRPERAS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

The role of an obstetrician plays the emphasis on the complete cycle of pregnancy and childbirth of women is due not only to the provisions of professional sports legislation, but also to the characteristics of their training. In practice, care for pregnant women, newborns and newborns can be provided in a more natural, humane and less intrusive way, focusing on the woman as the protagonist of childbirth. Nurse midwives may provide prenatal and postnatal consultations to low-risk patients in primary healthcare settings. This is a comprehensive literature review study. Articles were identified for the inclusion criteria: articles published between 2007 and 2023 (those years), in English and Portuguese and indexed in the following databases: Nursing Database (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO ), PubMed, Latin American Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS). The data was processed through thematic analysis and the categories were highlighted: professional qualification in women's care, obstetric nurses promoting safe motherhood and essential care - specific circumstances and contexts. Based on the experience of obstetric nurses and the analysis of the results of the bibliographic search, a limited number of articles were found related to the implementation and performance of obstetric nurses in primary care and, therefore, sample volume. Additionally, there is a lack of specific protocols or regulations regarding what primary care professionals do. The lack of publications highlights the need to expand the role of obstetric care in primary care through dissemination by a women's health specialist.O papel de um obstetra desempenha a ênfase no ciclo completo de gravidez e parto das mulheres se deve não apenas às disposições da legislação esportiva profissional, mas também às características de sua formação. Na prática, o cuidado às gestantes, aos recém-nascidos e aos recém-nascidos pode ser prestado de forma mais natural, humana e menos intrusiva, tendo como foco a mulher como protagonista do parto. As enfermeiras obstétricas podem prestar consultas pré-natais e pós-natais a pacientes de baixo risco em unidades de cuidados de saúde primários. Este é um estudo abrangente de revisão de literatura. Foram identificados artigos para os critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados no período de 2007 a 2023 (dissesses anos), no idioma inglês e português e indexados nas seguintes bases de dados: Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed, Literatura Latino Americana do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Os dados foram processados ​​por meio de análise temática e foram destacadas as categorias: qualificação profissional no cuidado à mulher, enfermeiras obstétricas e equipe multiprofissional promotoras de maternidade segura e cuidados essenciais – circunstâncias e contextos específicos. Com base na experiência das enfermeiras obstétricas e na análise dos resultados da busca bibliográfica, foi encontrado um número limitado de artigos relacionados à implantação e atuação das enfermeiras obstétricas na atenção primária e, por tanto Volume de amostra. Além disso, faltam protocolos ou regulamentações específicas sobre o que os profissionais da atenção primária fazem. A falta de publicações destaca a necessidade de ampliar o papel da atenção obstétrica na atenção primária por meio da divulgação por um especialista em saúde da mulher

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

REGENERAÇÃO DE DUNAS FRONTAIS NO BALNEÁRIO DO MAR GROSSO, SÃO JOSÉ DO NORTE, RS

Este trabalho visa analisar a regeneração de dunas frontais no balneário do Mar Grosso, município de São José do Norte, sul do Brasil, decorrente de ações de manejo, bem como avaliar a estabilidade da costa no local nos últimos anos. Foi realizada a descrição da situação anterior, bem como o acompanhamento do processo de manejo, utilizando relatos e fotografias de campo. Imagens orbitais obtidas no software Google Earth PRO® e imagens de drone possibilitaram caracterizar a situação mais atual do local. Devido a migração de sedimentos eólicos sobre edificações, entre 2005 e 2009 foram aplicadas diversas ações, como técnicas de retenção de sedimentos, de modo que as dunas fossem recuperadas. Houve relativa estabilidade entre os processos erosivos e de sedimentação da linha de costa entre 2006 e 2015, o que foi relevante na manutenção das ações de manejo implantadas

DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL NIFEDIPINE-LOADED POLYMERIC NANOCAPSULES: PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION, PHOTOSTABILITY STUDIES, IN VITRO

<p>In this study, nifedipine (NFP)-loaded polymeric nanocapsules were prepared and characterised with a view to protect the drug from degradation. Nanocapsule suspensions were prepared using two different surfactants (pluronic F68 and polyvinyl alcohol). Physicochemical stability and <italic>in vivo</italic>antihypertensive effect were evaluated. The particle size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency remained constant during a period of 28 days of exposure under light irradiation. A smaller particle size and a higher zeta potential were obtained for the nanocapsules prepared with Pluronic F68 as surfactant. The solid drug and the nanocapsules were submitted to light exposure for 28 days. After this period of time, the percentage of drug remaining in the PF68NFP and PVANFP nanocapsules was 28.1% and 21.3%, respectively. In contrast, the solid drug was completely degraded after 4 days, suggesting that the nanocapsule suspensions promoted significant protection of the drug against light exposure. In addition, <italic>in vivo</italic> studies were carried out, which demonstrated that the formulations with polyvinyl alcohol exhibited a very rapid onset of action after oral administration in rats and led to faster drug release. The nanoparticles developed can be considered as an alternative for improving NFP stability in liquid formulations.</p

Artigo doi number DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL NIFEDIPINE-LOADED POLYMERIC NANOCAPSULES: PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION, PHOTOSTABILITY STUDIES, IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EVALUATION

In this study, nifedipine (NFP)-loaded polymeric nanocapsules were prepared and characterised with a view to protect the drug from degradation. Nanocapsule suspensions were prepared using two different surfactants (pluronic F68 and polyvinyl alcohol). Physicochemical stability and in vivo antihypertensive effect were evaluated. The particle size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency remained constant during a period of 28 days of exposure under light irradiation. A smaller particle size and a higher zeta potential were obtained for the nanocapsules prepared with Pluronic F68 as surfactant. The solid drug and the nanocapsules were submitted to light exposure for 28 days. After this period of time, the percentage of drug remaining in the PF68NFP and PVANFP nanocapsules was 28.1% and 21.3%, respectively. In contrast, the solid drug was completely degraded after 4 days, suggesting that the nanocapsule suspensions promoted significant protection of the drug against light exposure. In addition, in vivo studies were carried out, which demonstrated that the formulations with polyvinyl alcohol exhibited a very rapid onset of action after oral administration in rats and led to faster drug release. The nanoparticles developed can be considered as an alternative for improving NFP stability in liquid formulations