Seasons, Stress, Salience, and Support for Cooperative Groundwater Management

Background: Common property resources (CPR) are defined as resources where one person’s use affects what is available to others (either now or in the future). One example of a CPR is a shared aquifer, where multiple users have access to the groundwater. Economic researchers have shown that with a CPR, there are economic benefits to regulating the use of the resource, and that well-designed regulation increases the sustainability of agricultural-based economies that rely on CPRs. Many such regulations exist, and examples include allocation limits in some of Nebraska’s Natural Resources Districts and Kansas’s Groundwater Management Districts, as well as groundwater fees in Colorado’s San Luis Valley. However, there are a number of reasons that CPR users may not support regulation. These reasons include the associated short-term cost, financial constraints, a lack of trust that there will be long -term benefits, and time stress that prevents them from carefully considering all outcomes

Cognitive Load Affects Numerical and Temporal Judgments in Distinct Ways

Prominent theories suggest that time and number are processed by a single neural locus or a common magnitude system (e.g., Meck and Church, 1983; Walsh, 2003). However, a growing body of literature has identified numerous inconsistencies between temporal and numerical processing, casting doubt on the presence of such a singular system. Findings of distinct temporal and numerical biases in the presence of emotional content (Baker et al., 2013; Young and Cordes, 2013) are particularly relevant to this debate. Specifically, emotional stimuli lead to temporal overestimation, yet identical stimuli result in numerical underestimation. In the current study, we tested adults’ temporal and numerical processing under cognitive load, a task that compromises attention. Under the premise of a common magnitude system, one would predict cognitive load to have an identical impact on temporal and numerical judgments. Inconsistent with the common magnitude account, results revealed baseline performance on the temporal and numerical task was not correlated and importantly, cognitive load resulted in distinct and opposing quantity biases: numerical underestimation and marginal temporal overestimation. Together, our data call into question the common magnitude account, while also providing support for the role of attentional processes involved in numerical underestimation

Digital Art History Journal

Review: Digital Art History Journal (DAHJ) is a fascinating and unique resource. Futuristic in structure and classic in content it is a wonderful blend of what the internet could be in its most interactive format while maintaining a quality of content that one would expect from an academic journal. In fact, the initiative began in 2015 as the International Journal for Digital Art History before expanding to include a virtual gallery for new media artists and other resources

Análisis de la experiencia familiar con las actividades recreacionales para el público infantil que se realiza en un hotel 5 estrellas de Paracas, 2021

La actividad turística, sector de gran dinamismo, desarrolla con gran interés el segmento familiar y al revalorarse los destinos cercanos y seguros, el turismo familiar es ideal para reactivar rápidamente el turismo nacional. Las necesidades de la “nueva normalidad”, propician esta investigación enmarcada en el enfoque cualitativo, de tipo aplicado y diseño fenomenológico a nivel descriptivo, realizada con una muestra de 10 jefes de familia. La información se recogió mediante entrevistas, utilizando cuestionarios como instrumento. Se concluye que: la experiencia familiar analizada se percibe como altamente positivas respecto a la implicancia y participación del usuario, con participaron íntegra en las actividades, multisensorialidad altamente fomentadora de emociones positivas, propiciadoras de entretenimiento y con capacidad lúdica. Se reconoce un importante componente educativo y sobre calidad racional, aceptaron sentirse altamente satisfechos, con observaciones sobre la comunicación de la oferta. Se recomienda: Mantener la innovación generando nuevas actividades, incluir más activamente a padres, propiciar un acercamiento a la cultura local usando el contacto con trabajadores (pobladores locales), capacitar en pedagogía y psicología infantil al personal en contacto, para perfeccionar la experiencia desde el enfoque infantil, reforzar el componente lúdico fomentando el disfrute y diferenciación de la experiencia, e incrementar, capacitar y estimular al personal

Implementación de una aplicación web para el uso y gestión del almacenamiento en la nube utilizando los recursos del mini datacenter de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi-Extensión La Maná.

This research project aims to facilitate file storage for students and teachers at the Technical University of Cotopaxi by implementing a web application for the use and management of cloud storage using the resources of the mini data center of this institution, this web application will allow you to provide cloud storage space to students and teachers so they can save their files and avoid the use of physical storage devices that can suffer some kind of malware attack, lose information or simply not have it at our fingertips in addition to these physical devices have a cost depending on the amount of storage. For the development of this web application, the information was collected together with the client, thus obtaining the functional and non-functional requirements, which consists of three modules; access module, file module and administrator module using the SCRUM methodology that allows developing in an orderly and agile way this project through the roles and phases of this methodology which are requirement analysis, design, coding, testing and implementation, the tools that were used for its development are PHP (programming language) and MySQL (database management system), tools that have no cost and that adjust to the requirements of the application, having as a result that the students and professors of the Technical University of Cotopaxi through the use of the web application will be able to access their information from any device connected to the internet and at any time of the day having as a priority the security of the information through the end to end encryption and cryptographic identity protection. This web application was tested with a black box to verify its proper functioning.El presente proyecto de investigación tiene como propósito facilitar el almacenamiento de archivos a los estudiantes y docentes de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi mediante la implementación de una aplicación web para el uso y gestión del almacenamiento en la nube utilizando los recursos del minidatacenter de esta institución, esta aplicación web permitirá brindarle un espacio de almacenamiento en la nube a los estudiantes y docentes con la finalidad de que puedan guardar sus archivos y evitar el uso de dispositivos de almacenamiento físico que pueden sufrir algún tipo de ataque malware, perder la información o simplemente no lo tenerlo al alcance de nuestras manos además de que estos dispositivos físicos tienen un costo según la cantidad de almacenamiento. Para el desarrollo de esta aplicación web se realizó el levantamiento de la información en conjunto con el cliente, obteniendo así los requisitos funcionales y los no funcionales que consta de tres módulos; módulo de acceso, módulo de archivos y módulo de administrador utilizando la metodología SCRUM que permite desarrollar de forma ordenada y ágil este proyecto mediante los roles y las fases de esta metodología las cuales son análisis de requerimientos, diseño, codificación, pruebas e implementación, las herramientas que se utilizaron para su desarrollo son PHP (Lenguaje de programación) y MySQL (Sistema de gestión base de datos), herramientas que no tienen costo alguno y que se ajustan a los requerimientos de la aplicación, teniendo como resultado que los estudiantes y docentes de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi mediante el uso de la aplicación web podrán acceder a su información desde cualquier dispositivo conectado a internet y a cualquier hora del día teniendo como prioridad la seguridad de la información mediante el cifrado de extremo a extremo y protección de identidad criptográfica. A esta aplicación web se le realizo prueba de caja negra para comprobar su buen funcionamiento

Surveillance of the first cases of COVID-19 in Sergipe using a prospective spatiotemporal analysis: the spatial dispersion and its public health implications

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health emergency with lethality ranging from 1% to 5%. This study aimed to identify active high-risk transmission clusters of COVID-19 in Sergipe. Methods: We performed a prospective space-time analysis using confirmed cases of COVID-19 during the first 7 weeks of the outbreak in Sergipe. Results: The prospective space-time statistic detected "active" and emerging spatio-temporal clusters comprising six municipalities in the south-central region of the state. Conclusions: The Geographic Information System (GIS) associated with spatio-temporal scan statistics can provide timely support for surveillance and assist in decision-making

Quantifying Patterns in Fish Assemblages and Habitat Use Along a Deep Submarine Canyon-Valley Feature Using a Remotely Operated Vehicle

The aim of this study was to document the composition and distribution of deep-water fishes associated with a submarine canyon-valley feature. A work-class Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) fitted with stereo-video cameras was used to record fish abundance and assemblage composition along transects at water depths between 300 and 900 metres. Three areas (A, B, C) were sampled along a submarine canyon-valley feature on the continental slope of tropical north-western Australia. Water conductivity/salinity, temperature, and depth were also collected using an ROV mounted Conductivity Temperature and Depth (CTD) instrument. Multivariate analyses were used to investigate fish assemblage composition, and species distribution models were fitted using boosted regression trees. These models were used to generate predictive maps of the occurrence of four abundant taxa over the survey areas. CTD data identified three water masses, tropical surface water, South Indian Central Water (centred ∼200 m depth), and a lower salinity Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) ∼550 m depth. Distinct fish assemblages were found among areas and between canyon-valley and non-canyon habitats. The canyon-valley habitats supported more fish and taxa than non-canyon habitats. The fish assemblages of the deeper location (∼700–900 m, Area A) were different to that of the shallower locations (∼400–700 m, Areas B and C). Deep-water habitats were characterised by a Paraliparis (snail fish) species, while shallower habitats were characterised by the family Macrouridae (rat tails). Species distribution models highlighted the fine-scale environmental niche associations of the four most abundant taxa. The survey area had a high diversity of fish taxa and was dominated by the family Macrouridae. The deepest habitat had a different fish fauna to the shallower areas. This faunal break can be attributed to the influence of AAIW. ROVs provide a platform on which multiple instruments can be mounted and complementary streams of data collected simultaneously. By surveying fish in situ along transects of defined dimensions it is possible to produce species distribution models that will facilitate a greater insight into the ecology of deep-water marine systems

Identifying dominant environmental predictors of freshwater wetland methane fluxes across diurnal to seasonal time scales

While wetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere, they represent a large source of uncertainty in the global CH4 budget due to the complex biogeochemical controls on CH4 dynamics. Here we present, to our knowledge, the first multi-site synthesis of how predictors of CH4 fluxes (FCH4) in freshwater wetlands vary across wetland types at diel, multiday (synoptic), and seasonal time scales. We used several statistical approaches (correlation analysis, generalized additive modeling, mutual information, and random forests) in a wavelet-based multi-resolution framework to assess the importance of environmental predictors, nonlinearities and lags on FCH4 across 23 eddy covariance sites. Seasonally, soil and air temperature were dominant predictors of FCH4 at sites with smaller seasonal variation in water table depth (WTD). In contrast, WTD was the dominant predictor for wetlands with smaller variations in temperature (e.g., seasonal tropical/subtropical wetlands). Changes in seasonal FCH4 lagged fluctuations in WTD by similar to 17 +/- 11 days, and lagged air and soil temperature by median values of 8 +/- 16 and 5 +/- 15 days, respectively. Temperature and WTD were also dominant predictors at the multiday scale. Atmospheric pressure (PA) was another important multiday scale predictor for peat-dominated sites, with drops in PA coinciding with synchronous releases of CH4. At the diel scale, synchronous relationships with latent heat flux and vapor pressure deficit suggest that physical processes controlling evaporation and boundary layer mixing exert similar controls on CH4 volatilization, and suggest the influence of pressurized ventilation in aerenchymatous vegetation. In addition, 1- to 4-h lagged relationships with ecosystem photosynthesis indicate recent carbon substrates, such as root exudates, may also control FCH4. By addressing issues of scale, asynchrony, and nonlinearity, this work improves understanding of the predictors and timing of wetland FCH4 that can inform future studies and models, and help constrain wetland CH4 emissions.Peer reviewe