32 research outputs found
Does regular strength training cause urinary incontinence in overweight inactive women? : A randomized controlled trial
Introduction and hypothesis: Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in women who exercise. We aimed to investigate new onset UI in formerly inactive, overweight or obese women (BMIâ>â25) participating in three different strength training modalities compared with a non-exercising control group. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of an assessor blinded randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of 12 weeks of three strength training concepts for women on muscle strength and body composition. None of the programs included pelvic floor muscle training. International Consensus on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF) was used to investigate primary outcome; new onset UI, and secondary outcome; ICIQ-UI-SF sum score. Suissa and Shusterâs exact unconditional test was used to analyze difference in new onset UI. Difference in ICIQ-UI-SF sum score is presented as mean with 95% CI. Results: At baseline 40 out of 128 (31.2%) participants reported UI. Three out of 27, 2 out of 17, 2 out of 23, and 0 out of 21 women in the three training and control groups respectively had new onset UI. There were no statistically significant differences in new onset UI across the groups or when collapsing new onset UI in the intervention groups compared with the controls (7 out of 67 vs 0 out of 21), pâ=â0.124. After the intervention the control group reported worse ICIQ-UI-SF sum score than any of the training groups; mean differenceâââ6.6 (95% CI: â11.9, â1.27), pâ=â0.012, but there was no difference in change from baseline to 12 weeks between the groups pâ=â0.145). Conclusions: There was no statistically significant change in UI after strength training.publishedVersio
Dental hygienistsâ biopsychosocial beliefs and giving autonomy support in treatment of patients: A self-determination theory perspective
Objectives Self-determination theory posits that managersâ autonomy-supportive behaviour and employeesâ autonomy causality orientation are motivation constructs to explain internalization of values, functioning and wellness at work. Hypothesis 1 tested whether profiles comprising perceived dental clinic managersâ autonomy-supportive, as opposed to their controlling interpersonal style, and dental hygienistsâ autonomy, as opposed to their control and impersonal, causality orientations at baseline, would be positively related to dental hygienistsâ biopsychosocial (BPS) beliefs and giving autonomy support in treatment of patients after 18 months. Hypothesis 2 tested whether dental hygienistsâ BPS beliefs in treatment of patients will be positively associated with their autonomy-supportive behaviour given to patients after 18 months. Material and methods A prospective cohort design with 299 (Mage = 42.71; SDage = 12.62) dental hygienists completed an online survey at baseline and after 18 months. Results Latent profile and correlational analyses supported the hypotheses. Effect sizes were moderate to large. Conclusions Both perceived managerial styles and dental hygienistsâ causality orientations are important for dental hygienistsâ BPS beliefs and autonomy-supportive behaviours when working with dental patients.publishedVersio
A propriedade sem registro : o contrato e aquisição da propriedade imóvel na perspectiva civil-contitucional
Orientador : Prof. Dr. Eroulths Cortiano JuniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ParanĂĄ, Setor de CiĂȘncias JurĂdicas, Programa de PĂłs-Graduação em Direito. Defesa: Curitiba, 12/08/2014Inclui referĂȘnciasResumo: Esta tese objetiva uma releitura da obrigatoriedade do registro nas aquisiçÔes da propriedade imĂłvel, a partir do reconhecimento do contrato como dotado de função social, que realiza, igualmente, a função social como liberdade de acesso aos bens. A propriedade imobiliĂĄria no Direito Civil brasileiro estĂĄ qualificada como direito real, conforme o art. 1225, I, do CĂłdigo Civil, e sua transferĂȘncia negocial se orienta pelo sistema da separação parcial dos planos dos direitos obrigacionais e reais, o qual prevĂȘ a necessidade do contrato de transmissĂŁo (compra e venda, doação ou permuta) com posterior registro no CartĂłrio ImobiliĂĄrio, nos termos do art. 1245 e seguintes. A Constituição Federal de 1988 garante o direito de propriedade, que deve atender Ă sua função social, considerando-a como direito fundamental (art. 5.o, XXII e XXIII) e como princĂpio geral da ordem econĂŽmica (art. 170, II e III). A necessĂĄria interação entre o Direito Civil e a Constituição, sob a supremacia hierĂĄrquica desta, conduz a entender que o direito de propriedade atual, para alĂ©m da literalidade do CĂłdigo Civil, deve nortear-se pela sintonia entre ambos os diplomas legais, mas a partir da observação dos princĂpios e dos valores constitucionais. O Direito Civil-Constitucional surge, entĂŁo, como uma opção de desenvolvimento do pensamento jurĂdico, que visa oferecer espaço de reflexĂŁo que supere a dogmĂĄtica unicamente codificada, pois, com fundamento nos princĂpios e na axiologia constitucional, auxilia na ressignificação de institutos clĂĄssicos, como a propriedade e o contrato. O acesso Ă propriedade, entĂŁo, pode ser considerado para alĂ©m da letra da lei, o que permite relevar o registro, com a funcionalização do contrato que, a partir de sua teleologia, da solidariedade, da alteridade e da boa-fĂ©, pode ser o elemento constitutivo da propriedade, com base no caso concreto. A aplicação direta e imediata da Constituição nas relaçÔes interprivadas favorece a ressignificação do contrato, que alçarĂĄ significado de tĂtulo suficiente para garantir o direito Ă propriedade (acesso). A complexidade e a pluralidade das relaçÔes sociais conduzem a uma transição do modelo abstrato e individualista da propriedade para o da propriedade concreta, que se constrĂłi na funcionalização como liberdade(s) com vistas Ă realização das necessidade da pessoa concretamente considerada.Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to re-read the mandatory registration on acquisition of immovable property, from the social function of contract's recognition, which also performs its social function as freedom of access to assets. The immovable property in the Brazilian Civil Law is qualified as a real right, according to art. 1225, I, Civil Code, and its negotiating transferring is guided by the partial separation between obligations and real rights, which predicts the registration of transmission's contract (sale, donation or exchange) with the state registration authority, according to art. 1245 and on Civil Code. The 1988 Federal Constitution guarantees the right to property, which must meet its social function, considering it as a fundamental right (art. 5, XXII and XXIII) and as a general principle of economic order (art. 170, II and III). The necessary interaction between the civil law and the Constitution, under the hierarchical supremacy of this leads to understand that the current property law, beyond its literal meaning of the Civil Code, shall be guided by the line between the two enactments, but from the observation of constitutional principles and values.The Civil-constitutional Law arises, then, as an option for legal thinking development, which aims to provide a reflection space that overcomes the consolidated dogmatic, therefore, on the basis of principles and the constitutional axiology, assists in reframing classical institutes, as property and contract. The access to the property can then be considered beyond the letter of the law, which allows to release the register, with the functionalization's contract which, from its teleology, solidarity, alterity and good faith, may be the constituent element of the property, based on the case. The direct and immediate constitutional applying in privates relations cooperate to the contract redefinition, which obtain the sufficient title to guarantee the right to property (access). The complexity and plurality of social relations lead to a transition from abstract and individualistic model of property to concrete one which is constructed on functionalization as freedom (s) to intending to accomplish persons needs concretely considered
On the Location of the Gamma-ray Emission in the 2008 Outburst in the BL Lacertae Object AO 0235+164 through Observations across the Electromagnetic Spectrum
We present observations of a major outburst at centimeter, millimeter,
optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths of the BL Lacertae object AO
0235+164. We analyze the timing of multi-waveband variations in the flux and
linear polarization, as well as changes in Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA)
images at 7mm with 0.15 milliarcsecond resolution. The association of the
events at different wavebands is confirmed at high statistical significance by
probability arguments and Monte-Carlo simulations. A series of sharp peaks in
optical linear polarization, as well as a pronounced maximum in the 7 mm
polarization of a superluminal jet knot, indicate rapid fluctuations in the
degree of ordering of the magnetic field. These results lead us to conclude
that the outburst occurred in the jet both in the quasi-stationary "core" and
in the superluminal knot, both parsecs downstream of the supermassive black
hole. We interpret the outburst as a consequence of the propagation of a
disturbance, elongated along the line of sight by light-travel time delays,
that passes through a standing recollimation shock in the core and propagates
down the jet to create the superluminal knot. The multi-wavelength light curves
vary together on long time-scales (months/years), but the correspondence is
poorer on shorter time-scales. This, as well as the variability of the
polarization and the dual location of the outburst, agrees with the
expectations of a multi-zone emission model in which turbulence plays a major
role in modulating the synchrotron and inverse Compton fluxes.Comment: Accepted for Publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. 7
pages (including 5 figures). Minor corrections with regard to previous
version, as proposed by the refere
From "Breakthrough" to "Episodic" Cancer Pain? A European Association for Palliative Care Research Network Expert Delphi Survey Towards a Common Terminology and Classification of Transient Cancer Pain Exacerbations
Context: Cancer pain can appear with spikes of higher intensity. Breakthrough cancer pain (BTCP) is the most common term for the transient exacerbations of pain, but the ability of the nomenclature to capture relevant pain variations and give treatment guidance is questionable. Objectives: To reach consensus on definitions, terminology, and sub classification of transient cancer pain exacerbations. Methods: The most frequent authors on BTCP literature were identified using the same search strategy as in a systematic review and invited to participate in a two-round Delphi survey. Topics with a low degree of consensus on BTCP classification were refined into twenty statements. The participants rated their degree of agreement with the statements on a numeric rating scale (NRS 0-10). Consensus was defined as a median NRS score of â„ 7 and an interquartile range of †3. Results: Fifty-two authors had published three or more papers on BTCP over the past ten years. Twenty-seven responded in the first round and 24 in the second round. Consensus was reached for 13 of 20 statements. Transient cancer pain exacerbations can occur without background pain, when background pain is uncontrolled, and regardless of opioid treatment. There exist cancer pain exacerbations other than BTCP, and the phenomenon could be named âepisodic painâ. Patient reported treatment satisfaction is important with respect to assessment. Sub classification according to pain pathophysiology can provide treatment guidance. Conclusion: Significant transient cancer pain exacerbations include more than just BTCP. Patient input and pain classification are important factors for tailoring treatment
Psychometrically and qualitatively validating a cross-national cumulative measure of fear-based xenophobia
.40. The result, a cross-national 5-item scale measuring fear-based xenophobia, was tested by means of the Three-step Test-Interview (Hak, Van der Veer and Jansen 2008) with 10 students in The Netherlands and 10 students in Norway. The analysis of these qualitative interviews shows that individual respondentsâ criteria for the ranking of the scale items strongly depend on the way immigrants are framed. Ranking according to different levels of fear turned out to be only one criterion out of several possible ones used by individual respondents. Keywords Xenophobia . Measurement . Mokken Scale Procedure . Cross-cultural . qualitative validation . Three-Step Test-Intervie
Genome-wide analysis of 102,084 migraine cases identifies 123 risk loci and subtype-specific risk alleles.
To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked DownloadMigraine affects over a billion individuals worldwide but its genetic underpinning remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study of 102,084 migraine cases and 771,257 controls and identified 123 loci, of which 86 are previously unknown. These loci provide an opportunity to evaluate shared and distinct genetic components in the two main migraine subtypes: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Stratification of the risk loci using 29,679 cases with subtype information indicated three risk variants that seem specific for migraine with aura (in HMOX2, CACNA1A and MPPED2), two that seem specific for migraine without aura (near SPINK2 and near FECH) and nine that increase susceptibility for migraine regardless of subtype. The new risk loci include genes encoding recent migraine-specific drug targets, namely calcitonin gene-related peptide (CALCA/CALCB) and serotonin 1F receptor (HTR1F). Overall, genomic annotations among migraine-associated variants were enriched in both vascular and central nervous system tissue/cell types, supporting unequivocally that neurovascular mechanisms underlie migraine pathophysiology.US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Finnish innovation fund Sitra
Finska Lakaresallskapet
Academy of Finland
Sigrid Juselius Foundation
Academy of Finland
Appeared in source as:Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics
Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research
Novo Nordisk Foundation
Novocure Limited
CANDY foundation (CEHEAD)
South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authorit
Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries
Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of stroke â the second leading cause of death worldwide â were conducted predominantly in populations of European ancestry1,2. Here, in cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of 110,182 patients who have had a stroke (five ancestries, 33% non-European) and 1,503,898 control individuals, we identify association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci: 60 in primary inverse-variance-weighted analyses and 29 in secondary meta-regression and multitrait analyses. On the basis of internal cross-ancestry validation and an independent follow-up in 89,084 additional cases of stroke (30% non-European) and 1,013,843 control individuals, 87% of the primary stroke risk loci and 60% of the secondary stroke risk loci were replicated (Pâ<â0.05). Effect sizes were highly correlated across ancestries. Cross-ancestry fine-mapping, in silico mutagenesis analysis3, and transcriptome-wide and proteome-wide association analyses revealed putative causal genes (such as SH3PXD2A and FURIN) and variants (such as at GRK5 and NOS3). Using a three-pronged approach4, we provide genetic evidence for putative drug effects, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as possible targets, with drugs already under investigation for stroke for F11 and PROC. A polygenic score integrating cross-ancestry and ancestry-specific stroke GWASs with vascular-risk factor GWASs (integrative polygenic scores) strongly predicted ischaemic stroke in populations of European, East Asian and African ancestry5. Stroke genetic risk scores were predictive of ischaemic stroke independent of clinical risk factors in 52,600 clinical-trial participants with cardiometabolic disease. Our results provide insights to inform biology, reveal potential drug targets and derive genetic risk prediction tools across ancestries
MĂ„ling av fryktbasert xenofobi : en kvalitativ studie av en kvantitativ skala
ForegĂ„ende for denne undersĂžkelsen har det blitt utviklet en kryssnasjonal kumulativ skala bestĂ„ende av fem ledd, som tar sikte pĂ„ Ă„ mĂ„le fryktbasert xenofobi. PĂ„ tvers av Nederland, USA og Norge fant man at leddene i skalaen dannet en nĂŠrmest identisk hierarkisk struktur. Det vil si at leddene er rangert langs en underliggende dimensjon som representerer et felles mĂžnster mellom de ulike landene. Denne undersĂžkelsen tar sikte pĂ„ Ă„ kaste lys pĂ„ kvalitative egenskaper ved denne skalaen. Hovedfokus har vĂŠrt pĂ„ tre omrĂ„der: (1) Ă
innhente informasjon om hvordan respondenter tolker de ulike spĂžrsmĂ„lene for Ă„ fĂ„ dypere innsikt i hva de ulike leddene, og skalaen i sin helhet, faktisk mĂ„ler. (2) Ă
undersÞke om respondentene tolker meningsinnholdet pÄ samme mÄte, og (3) undersÞke hva det underliggende kumulative mÞnsteret representerer; sÞke kunnskap om hva den hierarkiske strukturen forteller noe om. Det kvalitative materialet ville ogsÄ danne grunnlag for en diskusjon av validiteten til skalaen.
Den kvalitative undersÞkelsen er basert pÄ materiale som er innhentet ved hjelp av kognitive intervjuer som ble tatt opp pÄ bÄnd, og deretter transkribert. Det var totalt ti informanter, derav Ätte studenter og to ikke-studenter. Analysen av materialet ble utfÞrt med utgangspunkt i de ulike aspektene man Þnsket Ä belyse. UndersÞkelsen er et selvstendig prosjekt som er en avgrenset del av et stÞrre samarbeid, og jeg har utfÞrt alle stegene i prosessen pÄ egenhÄnd.
Det kvalitative materialet ble svÊrt rikholdig og kastet lys pÄ hvilke premisser som mulig kan like til grunn for ulike svar, og hvilke temaer som kan utlÞses av i de ulike utsagnene. I lys av den sterke hierarkiske strukturen var det overraskende mange informanter som hadde problemer med Ä forstÄ flere av ordene i skalaen, og at mange tolket meningsinnholdet i de enkelte spÞrsmÄlene pÄ ulike mÄter. Validiteten til den kumulative skalaen ble dermed utfordret. Men det foreligger intet sikkert grunnlag for Ä trekke likhetstegn mellom kvalitative undersÞkelser og kvantitative spÞrreundersÞkelser. Det ble argumentert for at det kvalitative materialet mulig mÄler et annet nivÄ av kognitiv prosessering, og forsyner supplerende og komplementÊr informasjon, fremfor et speilbilde av prosessene i utfyllingen av spÞrreskjemaer. Det konkluderes med at det er behov for dypere innsikt i forholdet mellom kvalitativt og kvantitativt materiale
Does regular strength training cause urinary incontinence in overweight inactive women? A randomized controlled trial
Introduction and hypothesis: Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in women who exercise. We aimed to investigate new onset UI in formerly inactive, overweight or obese women (BMIâ>â25) participating in three different strength training modalities compared with a non-exercising control group.
Methods: This was a secondary analysis of an assessor blinded randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of 12 weeks of three strength training concepts for women on muscle strength and body composition. None of the programs included pelvic floor muscle training. International Consensus on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF) was used to investigate primary outcome; new onset UI, and secondary outcome; ICIQ-UI-SF sum score. Suissa and Shusterâs exact unconditional test was used to analyze difference in new onset UI. Difference in ICIQ-UI-SF sum score is presented as mean with 95% CI.
Results: At baseline 40 out of 128 (31.2%) participants reported UI. Three out of 27, 2 out of 17, 2 out of 23, and 0 out of 21 women in the three training and control groups respectively had new onset UI. There were no statistically significant differences in new onset UI across the groups or when collapsing new onset UI in the intervention groups compared with the controls (7 out of 67 vs 0 out of 21), pâ=â0.124. After the intervention the control group reported worse ICIQ-UI-SF sum score than any of the training groups; mean differenceâââ6.6 (95% CI: â11.9, â1.27), pâ=â0.012, but there was no difference in change from baseline to 12 weeks between the groups pâ=â0.145).
Conclusions: There was no statistically significant change in UI after strength training