Cosmetic dentistry in ancient times: V-shaped dental mutilation in skeletal remains from Corycus, Turkey

Dental mutilation can provide clues about the migration of human populations in the world and provide valuable information about the socio-economic and socio-cultural structure of those populations. The aim of this study is to gain knowledge and contribute to literature about the habits, physical appearance and migratory routes of ancient people from the data findings on their skeletal remains found in an ancient castle (Maiden’s Castle) located in the south of Turkey. Dental findings from skeletal remains found during the archeological excavation of Corycus in Turkey were investigated. V-shaped dental mutilations were identified in two upper incisor from a single individual and the results were evaluated according to Romero’s classification. The dental mutilation discoveries identified in this study will contribute to the literature regarding the migratory routes and cultural interactions of the people who lived there in the past

Predictors of Self-Esteem in Physical Education: Self-Determination Perspective

This study aimed to explore the relationship between basic psychological needs, motivational regulations, and self-esteem in Turkish high school physical education environment. Nine hundred and fifty seven high school students (505 girls, 452 boys) were applied the questionnaire pack in physical education lessons. Students' general self-esteem, basic psychological needs and motivational regulations toward physical education were assessed. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis results revealed that Turkish high school students' autonomy, competence, and relatedness need satisfaction in physical education positively predicted students' global self-esteem. Physical education teachers were recommended to consider creating need supportive lesson environment for adolescents to enhance their optimal psychological functioning and well-being

Cross-national variations in reported discrimination among people treated for major depression worldwide: The ASPEN/INDIGO international study

Background: No study has so far explored differences in discrimination reported by people with major depressive disorder (MDD) across countries and cultures. Aims: To (a) compare reported discrimination across different countries, and (b) explore the relative weight of individual and contextual factors in explaining levels of reported discrimination in people with MDD. Method: Cross-sectional multisite international survey (34 countries worldwide) of 1082 people with MDD. Experienced and anticipated discrimination were assessed by the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC). Countries were classified according to their rating on the Human Development Index (HDI). Multilevel negative binomial and Poisson models were used. Results: People living in 'very high HDI' countries reported higher discrimination than those in 'medium/low HDI' countries. Variation in reported discrimination across countries was only partially explained by individual-level variables. The contribution of country-level variables was significant for anticipated discrimination only. Conclusions: Contextual factors play an important role in anticipated discrimination. Country-specific interventions should be implemented to prevent discrimination towards people with MDD

The acute effects of different warm-up loads on sprint and counter movement jump performances ın young football players

Bu araştırmanın amacı ısınmada farklı yüklerde yapılan ön yüklenmenin aktif sıçrama ve 10 – 30 m sprint performansı üzerine akut etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmaya 12 genç erkek sporcu (yaş: 16,3 ± 1,23 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 172,63 ± 3,88 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 63,27 ± 6,79 kg; antrenman yaşı: 2,33 ± 1,43 yıl) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan sporcuların yarım skuat 1 tekrarlı maksimalleri belirlenmiş ve sporcular A, B, C, D olmak üzere randomize bir şekilde 4 farklı gruba ayrılmıştır. Her grup her ölçüm günü farklı bir yarım skuat protokolünü (1 TM %100 ile 1 tekrar, 1 TM %90 ile 3 tekrar, 1 TM %80 ile 5 tekrar, yüklenmesiz) yapmak üzere tüm protokolleri sırasıyla uygulamıştır. Aktif sıçrama yükseklikleri Smartspeed sıçrama matı, 10 – 30 m sprint süreleri ise Newtest Powertimer marka taşınabilir bir fotosel sistemi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan tüm sporcuların aktif sıçrama ve 10 – 30 m sprint değerleri uygulanan ısınma protokolleri sonrası alınmıştır. İlk olarak katılımcılar bisiklet ergonometrisi üzerinde 5 dk’lık bir ısınma gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Ardından 1 dk dinlenme verilmiş ve dinlenmenin ardından ise vücut ağırlığı ile 5 tane yarım skuat hareketi yapmışlardır. Daha sonra ise yine 1 dk’lık bir dinlenme verilmiş ve katılımcının o gün uygulayacağı yarım skuat protokolüne geçilmiştir. Yarım skuat protokolünün ardından ise 4 dk’lık bir dinlenme verilerek aktif sıçrama ve 10 – 30 m sprint ölçümlerine geçilmiştir. Katılımcılar ilk olarak 2 tane aktif sıçrama ardından ise 2 tane 10 – 30 m sprint ölçümü gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Aktif sıçrama ve 10 – 30 m sprint performansı arasında 30 s dinlenme verilmiştir. Tekrarlar arasında ise 10 – 30 m sprint performansında 30 s, aktif sıçrama performansında ise 15 s dinlenme verilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde ise Shapiro Wilk testi ile verilerin normal dağıldığı tespit edilmiş ve uygulamalar arasındaki farklara bakmak için tekrarlı ölçümlerde varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Farkın hangi gruptan ya da gruplardan kaynaklandığını belirlemek için ise Bonferoni Post Hoc testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre 1 TM %80’i ile yapılan yarım skuat yüklemenin sonucunda en yüksek aktif sıçrama ve en iyi 10 – 30 m sprint değerlerine ulaşılmış ve ön yüklenmesiz protokole göre anlamlı farklılık elde edilmiştir (aktif sıçrama: 33,3 ± 4,6 cm; 10m: 1,92 ± 0,09 s; 30m: 4,71 ± 0,24 s) (p < 0,05). 1 TM %90 (aktif sıçrama: 32,7 ± 4,7 cm; 10m: 1,93 ± 0,12 s; 30m: 4,74 ± 0,24 s) ve 1 TM %100 (aktif sıçrama: 32,2 ± 4,5 cm; 10m: 1,95 ± 0,11 s; 30m: 4,78 ± 0,26 s) ile uygulanan yarım skuat protokollerinde ise istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmemiş fakat yüklenmesiz protokole göre daha yüksek performans çıktıları elde edilmiştir. En düşük performans çıktıları ise yüklenmesiz protokolde görülmüştür (aktif sıçrama: 30,9 ± 3,8 cm; 10m: 2,01 ± 0,13 s; 30m: 4,82 ± 0,23 s). Sonuç olarak, genç futbolcularda 1 TM %80’i ile uygulanan yarım skuat protokolünün 10 – 30 m sprint ve aktif sıçrama performanslarını artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.The aim of this study was to investigate acute effects of different warm-up loads on 10 – 30 m sprint and Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) performances. 12 volunteer young male soccer players (age:16,3 year; height:172,63 cm; weight:63,27 kg; training age: 2,33) participated in this study. Participants were randomly diverted into four groups as A, B, C, D. Every group applied all squat protocols (1RM %100-1 repetition, 1RM %903 repetition, 1RM %80-5 repetition, without load) in different days during the investigation. Measurements of Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) were calculated by using jumping matt whereas measurement of 10 - 30m sprint were calculated with photocell. CMJ and 10 – 30 m sprint measurements were taken after post activation (PAP) protocols. This protocol contains 5 minutes warm-up session on Wingate bicycle ergometre at first and after that 1 minute resting session applied. After resting, participants applied 5 half squat without any load and just after this 1 minute resting session applied again. After resting session participants had squat protocols and then 4 minute resting session was used. After this resting session participants joined testing sessions which includes CMJ with 2 repetitions and 10 – 30 m sprint with 2 repetitions. Between CMJ repetitions 15 second resting session applied whereas between 10 – 30 m sprint repetitions 30 second resting session applied. Furthermore, between CMJ and 10 – 30 m sprint 30 second resting session applied. ANOVA for Repeated Measurements were used for data analysis. Furthermore, Bonferroni Post Hoc test was used in order to find out which practice caused differences (p < 0.05). As a result, squat protocol which includes 1RM %80 is determined as statisticaly significant (p < 0.05) and as most efficient protocol in order to generate Post Aktivation Potentation (PAP) comparing to protocol without load (CMJ: 33,3 ± 4,6 cm; 10m: 1,92 ± 0,09 sec; 30m: 4,71 ± 0,24 sec). Other protocols were not statisticaly significant however 1RM %90 (CMJ: 32,7 ± 4,7 cm; 10m: 1,93 ± 0,12 sec; 30m: 4,74 ± 0,24 sec) and 1RM %100 (CMJ: 32,2 ± 4,5 cm; 10m: 1,95 ± 0,11 sec; 30m: 4,78 ± 0,26 sec) protocols were concluded more efficient than the protocol without load (CMJ: 30,9 ± 3,8 cm; 10m: 2,01 ± 0,13 sec; 30m: 4,82 ± 0,23 sec). In conclusion, different squat protocols (1RM %100, 1RM %90, 1RM %80) improve 10 – 30 m sprint and CMJ performances of young football players whereas the protocol without any load was lower comparing to other protocols with loads

Predictors of Self-Esteem in Physical Education: Self-Determination Perspective

This study aimed to explore the relationship between basic psychological needs, motivational regulations, and self-esteem in Turkish high school physical education environment. Nine hundred and fifty seven high school students (505 girls, 452 boys) were applied the questionnaire pack in physical education lessons. Students’ general self-esteem, basic psychological needs and motivational regulations toward physical education were assessed. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis results revealed that Turkish high school students’ autonomy, competence, and relatedness need satisfaction in physical education positively predicted students’ global self-esteem. Physical education teachers were recommended to consider creating need supportive lesson environment for adolescents to enhance their optimal psychological functioning and well-being

Cosmetic dentistry in ancient times: V-shaped dental mutilation in skeletal remains from Corycus, Turkey

Dental mutilation can provide clues about the migration of human populations in the world and provide valuable information about the socio-economic and socio-cultural structure of those populations. The aim of this study is to gain knowledge and contribute to literature about the habits, physical appearance and migratory routes of ancient people from the data findings on their skeletal remains found in an ancient castle (Maiden’s Castle) located in the south of Turkey. Dental findings from skeletal remains found during the archeological excavation of Corycus in Turkey were investigated. V-shaped dental mutilations were identified in two upper incisor from a single individual and the results were evaluated according to Romero’s classification. The dental mutilation discoveries identified in this study will contribute to the literature regarding the migratory routes and cultural interactions of the people who lived there in the past