Image filtering with past parametrized biorthogonal transforms implemented on a new GUI research aid system

In this paper the authors show that fast parametrized biorthogonal transforms (FPBT) are well suited for adaptive generalized Wiener image filtering. Research results are obtained with a use of a new graphical user interface system for implementing various fast adaptive techniques, designed, implemented and published by the authors as a part of a project Innovative Economy Programme 2007-2013 „Platforma Informatyczna TEWI”

Can the application of computed tomography laser mammography (CTLM) in dense breast (category 3,4 according to ACR) examinations combined with x-ray mammography enhance the detection of breast cancer?

Background: The aim of this study was an attempt to answer the question whether laser mammography in dense breast (classified as category 3,4 according to ACR) examination together with x-ray mammography can enhance the detection of breast cancer. Material/Method: 248 women who had undergone a CTLM examination and mammography in the Department of Radiology of Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology in the years 2005-2007 were analyzed retrospectively. In these examinations, x-ray mammography did not reveal lesions (BIRADS 1, category 3 and 4 according to ACR). An interval between CTLM and mammography did not exceed 30 days. The examination result was verified by cytology/histopathology or observation after a minimum of 12 months provided a regular result. CTLM visualizes normal and pathological blood vessels and tissues which are rich in blood, because laser rays used in CTLM (808nm) are more absorbable by hemoglobin than by the surrounding tissue, making it possible to show a malignant tumor by its accompanying angiogenesis. The result of CTLM mammography was qualified either as the presence (+) or absence (–) of angiogenesis. Results: Among 248 women, angiogenesis was discovered by CTLM in 48 cases, in the CTLM (+) Group 13/48 women were diagnosed with breast cancer, whereas 35/48 were diagnosed with benign lesions. Angiogenesis was not identified in 200 women, in the CTLM (-) group 13/200 were diagnosed finally with cancer, with 187/200 patients having no malignancy. Ultimately, in the group of 248 women (with dense breast, category 3 and 4 according to ACR), in whom x-ray mammography did not reveal malignant processes (BIRADS 1), 26 cancers were detected out of which 13 were revealed with CTLM Conclusions: Computed Tomography Laser Mammography, when used as an adjunct to x-ray mammography, enhances the detection of breast cancer in women with dense breast tissue

Development of a spray-ejector condenser for the use in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant

One promising solution for developing low-emission power technologies is using gaseous fuel combustion in pure oxygen when the exhaust gas mixture is composed of H2O and CO2, and where CO2 is separated after steam condensation. The paper presents the results of computational analyses providing to the Spray-Ejector Condenser (SEC) development, which is one of the crucial components of the negative CO2 gas power plant (nCO2PP) cycle development. The proposed design of the ejector-condenser to ensure the high effectivity of vapor condensation and CO2 compression with preparation to separation, ready for application in gas power cycle, is a novelty of this research. Different computational techniques leading to the development and better understating of ejector operation were applied. The main operating conditions in the characteristic connected with the developed nCO2pp cycle points were investigated to evaluate the impact of the operating conditions on SEC performances. The amount of motive water needed for the cooling purpose is susceptible to the inlet water pressure and temperature and strongly affects the generated pressure of the suction stream. The preliminary results confirm that the SEC's basic design and geometrical dimensions can be applied in the negative CO2 power plant cycle. Results from CFD modeling give the possibility to investigate the turbulent flow of water/steam/CO2 mixture together with the condensation process occurring at this same time. It is found that the average droplet diameter and motive water supplying method significantly effects the condensation intensity. The further direction of the presented computational research activities and results is to test various designs of Spray-Ejector Condensers that will enable the evaluation of the direct contact condensation process and develop the final geometrical design. © 2023 The AuthorsDevelopment of a spray-ejector condenser for the use in a negative CO2 emission gas power plantpublishedVersio

Генезис и развитие обучения авиационного дела Американских Экспедиционных Сил в Европе во время Первой мировой войны. Очерк проблемы

Mimo że Stany Zjednoczone pełniły pionierską rolę w rozwoju techniki lotniczej, przystępując do I wojny światowej, dysponowały bardzo skromnym potencjałem w dziedzinie lotnictwa wojskowego. Wśród licznych wyzwań, jakie stanęły przed amerykańskimi wojskowymi, było przygotowanie sprawnego systemu szkolenia zarówno lotników, jak i kadry technicznej. Aby było to możliwe, niezbędna okazała się pomoc sojuszników: Francji, Wielkiej Brytanii i Włoch. Korzystając z ich doświadczeń, a często również baz, sprzętu i instruktorów, Amerykanie stopniowo wypracowali własny system szkolenia lotniczego. W tekście przedstawione zostały główne koncepcje rozwoju amerykańskiego szkolenia lotniczego w trakcie I wojny światowej, napotkane problemy i sposoby ich rozwiązywania. Opisane zostały również najważniejsze ośrodki szkoleniowe na terenie Europy, zakres i metody ich działania, ale również problemy życia codziennego instruktorów i kursantów.Despite the fact that the USA played a pioneering role in the development of aircraft engineering, entering World War I they had only very limited potential in the field of the military aviation. Among the many challenges American military men had to face was preparing an efficient system of training for both pilots and technicians. To enable that, help from the allies: France, Great Britain and Italy turned out essential. Using their experience and often also bases, equipment and instructors, Americans little by little worked out their own system of aviation training. In the text the main concepts of the development of American aviation training during World War I were presented, as well as the problems encountered and the ways they were solved. The most important training centers in Europe were described too, including the range and methods of their work, but also everyday life problems of the instructors and course participants.Несмотря на то, что Соединенные Штаты играли ведущую роль в развитии авиации, к моменту вхождения в Первую мировую войну они располагали очень скромным потенциалом в области военной авиации. Среди многочисленных вызовов, которые встали перед американскими военными, была подготовка слаженной системы обучения среди пилотов и технических кадров. Чтобы это стало возможным, необходима была помощь союзников – Франции, Великобритании и Италии. На основе их опыта, а также с помощью их баз, техники и инструкторов американцы постепенно разработали собственную систему обучения авиационному делу. В тексте представлены главные концепции развития американской системы обучения авиационному делу во время Первой мировой войны, проблемы, с которыми пришлось столкнуться, и способы их решения. Также были описаны важнейшие средства обучения на территории Европы, область и методы их применения, проблемы повседневной жизни инструкторов и курсантов

Thermodynamic Analysis of Negative CO2 Emission Power Plant Using Aspen Plus, Aspen Hysys, and Ebsilon Software

The article presents results of thermodynamic analysis using a zero-dimensional mathematical models of a negative CO2 emission power plant. The developed cycle of a negative CO2 emission power plant allows the production of electricity using gasified sewage sludge as a main fuel. The negative emission can be achieved by the use this type of fuel which is already a “zero-emissive” energy source. Together with carbon capture installation, there is a possibility to decrease CO2 emission below the “zero” level. Developed models of a novel gas cycle which use selected codes allow the prediction of basic parameters of thermodynamic cycles such as output power, efficiency, combustion composition, exhaust temperature, etc. The paper presents results of thermodynamic analysis of two novel cycles, called PDF0 and PFD1, by using different thermodynamic codes. A comparison of results obtained by three different codes offered the chance to verify results because the experimental data are currently not available. The comparison of predictions between three different software in the literature is something new, according to studies made by authors. For gross efficiency (54.74%, 55.18%, and 52.00%), there is a similar relationship for turbine power output (155.9 kW, 157.19 kW, and 148.16 kW). Additionally, the chemical energy rate of the fuel is taken into account, which ultimately results in higher efficiencies for flue gases with increased steam production. A similar trend is assessed for increased CO2 in the flue gas. The developed precise models are particularly important for a carbon capture and storage (CCS) energy system, where relatively new devices mutually cooperate and their thermodynamic parameters affect those devices. Proposed software employs extended a gas–steam turbine cycle to determine the effect of cycle into environment. First of all, it should be stated that there is a slight influence of the software used on the results obtained, but the basic tendencies are the same, which makes it possible to analyze various types of thermodynamic cycles. Secondly, the possibility of a negative CO2 emission power plant and the positive environmental impact of the proposed solution has been demonstrated, which is also a novelty in the area of thermodynamic cycles

3-D High-Resolution ISAR Imaging for Noncooperative Air Targets

This article uses the inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging method to present real-world tests on 3-D radar imaging of noncooperative air targets. Initially, the fundamentals of 3-D ISAR are introduced. This is followed by a discussing of the challenges of obtaining high-quality 3-D radar images. An essential feature of the applied method is its basis on the back-projection family of techniques, eliminating the need for iterative image reconstruction. These theoretical concepts are validated using both simulations and real-life signals. This article also provides insights into the measurement campaign and the signal processing techniques applied to achieve the presented results