Dampak Alih Fungsi Lahan Terhadap Kehidupan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Kecamatan Bungku Timur Kabupaten Morowali

This research aims to find out the impact of land conversion on social and economic life, in relation to land ownership, type of work, social relationship, and society's income levels at One Pute Jaya and Bahomoahi villages Bungku Timur district, Morowali regency. This was a qualitative descriptive research. The results showed that (1) Land conversion gives impact on the society's land ownership. (2) Land conversion does not give impact on the society's work types. (3) Land conversion gives significant impact on the social relationship among the society. (4) Land conversion gives impact on the income levels of the society, particularly at Bahomoahi and One Pute jaya villages. In other words, the income of the farmers and fishermen's decline after the land conversion

A simple thermal treatment synthesis and characterization of Ni-Zn ferrite (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) nanocrystals

Cubic structured nickel-zinc ferrite nanoparticles (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) have been synthesized by thermal treatment method. This simple procedure employed an aqueous solution containing only metal nitrates as precursors, polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a capping agent, and deionized water as a solvent. The solution was thoroughly stirred for 2 hour, dried at 353 K for 3 hour, the dried material crushed into powder and calcined the powder at 873 K to remove organic substances and crystallize the particles. The microstructure properties of the prepared ferrite nanoparticles were measured using FTIR, XRD, TEM, and EDX and the magnetic properties were determined using VSM and EPR. The average particle size increased from 7 to 22 nm with the increase of calcination temperature from 723 to 873 K. The saturation magnetization, coercivity field, and g-factor increased respectively from 24 emu/g, 11 G, and 2.0673at 723 K to 38 emu/g, 60 G, and 2.1227 at 873 K. This method offers simplicity, a low cost, and an environmentally friendly operation since it produces no by-product effluents

Evaluation of video transmission of MAC protocols in wireless sensor network

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a wireless network which consists of sensor nodes scattered in a particular area which are used to monitor physical or environment condition.Each node in WSN is also scattered in sensor field, so an appropriate scheme of MAC protocol should have to develop communication link for data transferring. Video transmission is one of the important applications for the future that can be transmitted with low aspect in side of cost and also power consumption. In this paper, comparison of five different MAC WSN protocol for video transmission namely IEEE 802.11 standard, IEEE 802.15.4 standard, CSMA/CA, Berkeley-MAC, and Lightweight-MAC protocol are studied.Simulation experiment has been conducted in OMNeT++ with INET network simulator software to evaluate the performance.Obtained results indicate that IEEE 802.11 works better than other protocol in term of packet delivery, throughput, and latency

Elucidating the Surface Functionality of Biomimetic RGD Peptides Immobilized on Nano-P(3HB-co-4HB) for H9c2 Myoblast Cell Proliferation

Biomaterial scaffolds play crucial role to promote cell proliferation and foster the regeneration of new tissues. The progress in material science has paved the way for the generation of ingenious biomaterials. However, these biomaterials require further optimization to be effectively used in existing clinical treatments. It is crucial to develop biomaterials which mimics structure that can be actively involved in delivering signals to cells for the formation of the regenerated tissue. In this research we nanoengineered a functional scaffold to support the proliferation of myoblast cells. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] copolymer is chosen as scaffold material owing to its desirable mechanical and physical properties combined with good biocompatibility, thus eliciting appropriate host tissue responses. In this study P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymer was biosynthesized using Cupriavidus malaysiensis USMAA1020 transformant harboring additional PHA synthase gene, and the viability of a novel P(3HB-co-4HB) electrospun nanofiber scaffold, surface functionalized with RGD peptides, was explored. In order to immobilize RGD peptides molecules onto the P(3HB-co-4HB) nanofibers surface, an aminolysis reaction was performed. The nanoengineered scaffolds were characterized using SEM, organic elemental analysis (CHN analysis), FTIR, surface wettability and their in vitro degradation behavior was evaluated. The cell culture study using H9c2 myoblast cells was conducted to assess the in vitro cellular response of the engineered scaffold. Our results demonstrated that nano-P(3HB-co-4HB)-RGD scaffold possessed an average fiber diameter distribution between 200 and 300 nm, closely biomimicking, from a morphological point of view, the structural ECM components, thus acting as potential ECM analogs. This study indicates that the surface conjugation of biomimetic RGD peptide to the nano-P(3HB-co-4HB) fibers increased the surface wettability (15 ± 2°) and enhanced H9c2 myoblast cells attachment and proliferation. In summary, the study reveals that nano-P(3HB-co-4HB)-RGD scaffold can be considered a promising candidate to be further explored as cardiac construct for building cardiac construct

Energy efficient partition-lightpath scheme for IP over WDM core networks

In this paper, the research focus on the development of energy saving schemes with roots in sleep modes that support the evolution of greener core optical IP networks. The cornerstone of the adopted strategy is partition-lightpath schemes underpinned by the hibernation state implemented through a modification of the intelligent control plane, in particular for transparent network architectures under different scenarios. An enhanced multi-level operational hibernation mode through partition-lightpath was defined including functionality, structure considering its implementation issues. Through the use of appropriate design parameters the impact on blocking probability, wavelengths assignment, LSP connection requests, degree of node connectivity and network utilization can be minimized while also achieving energy savings. Evaluation of this scheme indicates potential reduction in power consumption from 9% up to 17% at the expense of reduced network performance

Throughput Analysis of WM-LEACH, LEACH, MH- LEACH and V-LEACH Protocol: a simulation based approach

This paper provides a passing description for some of routing protocols like LEACH, WM-LEACH, MH-LEACH and V-LEACH Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) also a comparison study of these protocols based on one of performance matrices as throughput. Addition to this an attempt is done to calculate their throughput. The effect of these protocols are simulated through the MATLAB simulator. Finally, the throughput of the network increases with WM-LEACH with respect to send interval and number of bytes of data. In the WMLEACH, the throughput is higher than in other protocols which are compared in this research. This is because the WM-LEACH protocol reduces the communication cost between the domains by allowing more data in less time.-1

Do riparian forest fragments provide ecosystem services or disservices in surrounding oil palm plantations?

Agricultural expansion across tropical regions is causing declines in biodiversity and altering ecological processes. However, in some tropical agricultural systems, conserving natural habitat can simultaneously protect threatened species and support important ecosystem services. Oil palm cultivation is expanding rapidly throughout the tropics but the extent to which non-crop habitat supports biodiversity and ecosystem services in these landscapes is poorly documented. We investigated whether riparian forest fragments (riparian reserves) provide a pest control service or increase pest activity (disservice) within oil palm dominated landscapes in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. We assessed the activity of potential predators of pest herbivores using plasticine caterpillar mimics and quantified herbivory rates on oil palm fronds in areas with and without riparian reserves. We also manipulated the shape and colour of the mimics to assess the extent to which artificial pest mimics reflect a predatory response. The presence of riparian reserves increased the attack rate on mimics by arthropods, but not by birds. Our methodological study suggested attacks on artificial pest mimics provide a better indication of predatory activity for birds than for arthropod predators. Herbivory rates were also not significantly affected by the presence of a riparian reserve, but we found some evidence that herbivory rates may decrease as the size of riparian reserves increases. Overall, we conclude that riparian forest fragments of 30 – 50 m width on each side of the river are unlikely to provide a pest control service. Nevertheless, our results provide evidence that these riparian buffer strips do not increase the density of defoliating pests, which should reassure managers concerned about possible negative consequences of preserving riparian buffers