Ultrasound diagnosis of iliac lymph node metastases in cancer of the cervix uteri

The Outpatient Ultrasound Diagnosis Group, Research Consulting Department, N. N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, studied the results of an examination in 93 patients with the verified diagnosis of cancer of the cervix uteri (CCU). To specify the extent of a tumor process, a comprehensive ultrasound examination was made in all the patients with verified CCU during their first visit. Our findings were statistically processed. According to our findings, ultrasound computed tomography is a highly informative method to diagnose retroperitoneal lymph node (LN) metastases, which defines the shape, sizes, structure, location, and number of metastatic LNs. Iliac LNs with reactive changes were detected in 24.7 % of CCU cases. No ultrasound signs of iliac LN metastatic involvement were found in 4.3 % of cases in the presence of CCU micrometastases. The number of metastatic regional LNs was validly proven to increase with larger tumor sizes. The threshold values of cervicaltumors were determined, which may presume the presence or absence of iliac LN metastases to have a rather high sensitivity and specificity. The risk of LN metastatic involvement was validly proven to be 4.1-fold higher with greater two or more threshold values of a cervical tumor

СИНТЕЗ КЕРАМИКИ СО СТРУКТУРОЙ ПИРОХЛОРА ДЛЯ ИММОБИЛИЗАЦИИ АКТИНИДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ОТХОДОВ

The article presents a study on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of mineral matrix based on the pyrochlore phase (Y2Ti2O7) and zirconolite (CaZrTi2O7) for immobilization of actinide waste (HLW). The results of thermodynamic analysis of system Ti-ZrO2-CaO-Y2O3-MenOm (Me = Mo,Fe,Ni,Cr,Mn,Cu) are presented. The formation and mass ratio of crystalline phases in the SHS products have been found to depend both on the charge composition and on the concentration of HLW. The possibility of producing a matrix based on the structure of pyrochlore titanate Y2Ti2O7enriched with zirconium has been demonstrated.Приведены исследования по самораспространяющемуся высокотемпературному синтезу минералоподобных матриц на основе фаз пирохлора (Y2Ti2O7) и цирконолита (CaZrTi2O7) для иммобилизации актинидсодержащих отходов (ВАО). Показаны результаты термодинамического анализа в системе Ti - ZrO2 - CaO - Y2O3 - MenOm (Me = Mo, Fe, Ni, Cr, Mn, Cu). Выявлены зависимости образования и соотношения кристаллических фаз в СВС-продуктах от состава шихты и концентрации ВАО. Показана возможность получения матриц на основе структуры титанатного пирохлора состава Y2Ti2O7, обогащенного цирконием

Risk factors for in vitro fertilization failures in women with adenomyosis-associated infertility

Aim. To identify risk factors for in vitro fertilization (IVF) failures in women with adenomyosis-associated infertility. Materials and methods. The study included 83 patients of reproductive age with adenomyosis. Women were divided into two groups: the main group (n=53) included patients with adenomyosis and a history of 1 or more unsuccessful attempts at embryo transfer, and the comparison group (n=30) included women with adenomyosis without impaired fertile function. The mean age of the patients was 364.0 years. Results. Gynecological conditions such as cervical dysplasia, noninflammatory vaginal diseases, and a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were significantly (5-fold) more common in patients with a history of IVF failures (p0.05). A high prevalence of endocrine and digestive system disorders (27.7 and 7.7 times, respectively) was found in infertile women with adenomyosis (p0.05). Coagulation disorders were identified 4.8 times more often in women with adenomyosis-associated infertility and IVF failures. Inflammatory and proliferative endometrial diseases (hyperplasia, intrauterine synechia, and chronic endometritis) were significantly more common in patients in the main group than in patients with adenomyosis without impaired fertility (p0.05). Conclusion. Risk factors for IVF failure in women with adenomyosis-associated infertility are other specified coagulation defects [D68.8] (antiphospholipid syndrome), odds ratio (OR) 4.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.120.9; dysplasia of cervix uteri, unspecified [N87.9] (OR 10.2, 95% CI 1.292.4), other noninflammatory disorders of vagina [N89.7] (OR 10.2, 95% CI 1.292.4), STIs (OR 12.7, 95% CI 1.4112.5), endocrine system disorders (OR 27.7, 95% CI 1.5516.5), and digestive system disorders (OR 7.8, 95% CI 2.227.8)

Cross-species amplification of 41 microsatellites in European cyprinids: A tool for evolutionary, population genetics and hybridization studies

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cyprinids display the most abundant and widespread species among the European freshwater Teleostei and are known to hybridize quite commonly. Nevertheless, a limited number of markers for conducting comparative differentiation, evolutionary and hybridization dynamics studies are available to date.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>Five multiplex PCR sets were optimized in order to assay 41 cyprinid-specific polymorphic microsatellite loci (including 10 novel loci isolated from <it>Chondrostoma nasus nasus, Chondrostoma toxostoma toxostoma </it>and <it>Leuciscus leuciscus</it>) for 503 individuals (440 purebred specimens and 63 hybrids) from 15 European cyprinid species. The level of genetic diversity was assessed in <it>Alburnus alburnus, Alburnoides bipunctatus, C. genei, C. n. nasus, C. soetta, C. t. toxostoma, L. idus, L. leuciscus, Pachychilon pictum, Rutilus rutilus, Squalius cephalus </it>and <it>Telestes souffia</it>. The applicability of the markers was also tested on <it>Abramis brama, Blicca bjoerkna </it>and <it>Scardinius erythrophtalmus </it>specimens. Overall, between 24 and 37 of these markers revealed polymorphic for the investigated species and 23 markers amplified for all the 15 European cyprinid species.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The developed set of markers demonstrated its performance in discriminating European cyprinid species. Furthermore, it allowed detecting and characterizing hybrid individuals. These microsatellites will therefore be useful to perform comparative evolutionary and population genetics studies dealing with European cyprinids, what is of particular interest in conservation issues and constitutes a tool of choice to conduct hybridization studies.</p

Роль преморбидного фона в танатогенезе острых отравлений психофармакологическими препаратами у геронтологических больных

Background Human aging is a universal and regular process characterized by uneven and steady progression, inevitably affecting to some extent all levels of biological organization. In the structure of acute exotoxicosis, patients of gerontological age range from 10.3 to 12.9%. After 60, with an increase of years, there is a growth of mortality rate from 9.8% in elderly patients to 25.5% in long-livers. A certain role in its genesis is played by the premorbid background, i.e. somatic diseases preceding and accompanying acute exotoxicosis.Aim of study To identify the role of concomitant diseases in the course and outcome of acute poisoning by psychoactive drugs in patients over 60. MATErIALS AnD METhODS We retrospectively analyzed hospital records of 99 patients aged 60 to 90 years who died from poisoning with psychoactive drugs at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in 2013–2016, as well as their autopsy, forensic and histological research data.Results In gerontological patients with acute poisoning with psychoactive drugs, the main premorbid background (100%) is atherosclerotic lesion of the heart and vessels of different degree and extent. In case of lethal outcomes, in toxicogenic stage of poisoning on primary electrocardiograms, myocardial ischemia was revealed in 76.9% of cases, heart rhythm disturbances were detected in all patients, most often in the form of supraventricular extrasystoles (38.4%) and atrial fibrillation (23.1%). In the deceased patients during the somatogenic stage of poisoning, cardiac conduction disorders (31.3%) prevailed. Concomitant chronic lesions of the bronchopulmonary system, including terminal bronchi, contributed to the development of hypostatic pneumonia and its long, migratory course. In 50% of cases, large and small droplet fatty liver disease was detected, which could have a negative effect on the course of poisoning, altering biotransformation of toxicants.Conclusion Atherosclerotic lesion of the heart and vessels, as well as chronic bronchopulmonary disease and fatty liver disease are the main premorbid background factors, which have a negative effect on the course and outcome of acute poisoning with psychoactive drugs.Актуальность Старение человека — это универсальный и закономерный процесс, характеризующийся неравномерностью и неуклонным прогрессированием, неизбежно затрагивающий в той или иной степени все уровни биологической организации. В структуре острых экзотоксикозов пациенты геронтологического возраста составляют от 10,3 до 12,9%. После 60 лет с увеличением возраста отмечается рост летальности от 9,8% у пожилых больных до 25,5% у долгожителей. Определенную роль в ее генезе играет преморбидный фон, т.е. соматические заболевания, предшествующие и сопутствующие острым экзотоксикозам.Цель исследования. Выявить роль сопутствующих заболеваний в течении и исходе острых отравлений психофармакологическими препаратами у больных старше 60 лет.Материал и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ «Карты стационарного больного» 99 пациентов в возрасте от 60 до 90 лет, умерших от отравлений психофармакологическими препаратами в НИИ СП им. Н.В.Склифосовского в период с 2013 по 2016 год, актов вскрытия, судебно-химического и судебно-гистологического исследований.Результаты. У геронтологических больных с острыми отравлениями психофармакологическими препаратами основным преморбидным фоном (100%) является атеросклеротическое поражение сердца и сосудов различной степени и протяженности. При смертельных исходах в токсикогенной стадии отравления на первичных электрокардиограммах в 76,9% случаев определяется ишемия миокарда, у всех больных выявлены нарушения сердечного ритма, наиболее часто в виде наджелудочковых экстрасистол (38,4%) и мерцательной аритмии (23,1%). У умерших в соматогенной стадии отравления преимущество имеют нарушения сердечной проводимости (31,3%). Сопутствующие хронические поражения бронхолегочной системы, включая терминальные бронхи, способствуют развитию гипостатических пневмоний и их длительному, мигрирующему течению. В 50% наблюдений выявлена крупно- и мелкокапельная жировая дистрофия печени, которая может оказывать негативное влияние на течение отравления, изменяя биотрансформацию токсикантов.Заключение. Атеросклеротическое поражение сердца и сосудов, а также хроническое поражение бронхолегочной системы и жировая дистрофия печени являются основным преморбидным фоном, оказывающим негативное влияние на течение и исход острых отравлений психофармакологическими препаратами

Development of 100^{100}Mo-containing scintillating bolometers for a high-sensitivity neutrinoless double-beta decay search

We report recent achievements in the development of scintillating bolometers to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{100}$Mo. The presented results have been obtained in the framework of the LUMINEU, LUCIFER and EDELWEISS collaborations, and are now part of the R\&D activities towards CUPID (CUORE Update with Particle IDentification), a proposed next-generation double-beta decay experiment based on the CUORE experience. We have developed a technology for the production of large mass ($\sim$1 kg), high optical quality, radiopure zinc and lithium molybdate crystal scintillators (ZnMoO$_4$ and Li$_2$MoO$_4$, respectively) from deeply purified natural and $^{100}$Mo-enriched molybdenum. The procedure is applied for a routine production of enriched crystals. Furthermore, the technology of a single detector module consisting of a large-volume ($\sim 100$~cm$^3$) Zn$^{100}$MoO$_4$ and Li$_2$$^{100}$MoO$_4$ scintillating bolometer has been established, demonstrating performance and radiopurity that are close to satisfy the demands of CUPID. In particular, the FWHM energy resolution of the detectors at 2615 keV --- near the $Q$-value of the double-beta transition of $^{100}$Mo (3034~keV) --- is $\approx$ 4--10~keV. The achieved rejection of $\alpha$-induced dominant background above 2.6~MeV is at the level of more than 99.9\%. The bulk activity of $^{232}$Th ($^{228}$Th) and $^{226}$Ra in the crystals is below 10 $\mu$Bq/kg. Both crystallization and detector technologies favor Li$_2$MoO$_4$, which was selected as a main element for the realization of a CUPID demonstrator (CUPID-0/Mo) with $\sim$7 kg of $^{100}$Mo

The analysis of small and medium enterprises’ (SMEs’) support, aimed at achieving sustainable development goals in the EU Countries, policy recommendations for Russia

The Sustainable Development Goals remain relevant in times of crisis, especially such goals as eradicating poverty, inequality, ensuring economic growth, developing innovation and infrastructure. Achieving these goals is where small and medium-sized enterprises can play a key role. An analysis of the EU countries&rsquo; experience in the application of entrepreneurship support measures is of particular interest for the prompt adjustment of the Russian SME support policy, since they take into account not only short-term political and economic needs, but are aimed at achieving a long-term result - sustainable development. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the best foreign SME support practices in terms of achieving certain indicators of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The purpose of the work is to generalize the experience of SME support in the EU in connection with the implementation of sustainable development goals. For this, the following tasks have been set: establishing links between the SME activities and the implementation of the SDGs; analysis of support for various target groups of entrepreneurs in the context of achieving SDGs 8, 9 in the EU; analysis of anti-crisis support measures in the context of achieving SDGs 8, 9 in the EU. General scientific methods are applied - generalizations, comparisons, synthesis, inductive approach. The following conclusions and results were obtained in the study: SMEs contribute greatly to value creation, development and use of innovations, promoting employment, and they are most consistent with SDGs 8, 9; the main support measures include traditional loans and guarantees, subsidies, public procurement, tax incentives, as well as digital platforms, improving the digital skills of the population, financing scientific research; support for vulnerable groups of entrepreneurs is carried out through the promotion of entrepreneurship, the development of entrepreneurial skills and culture, information and advisory support, access to financing, development of entrepreneur networks and improvement of labor legislation; development of assistive technology to access support measures; provision of premises for doing business, coaching, mentoring. Among the recommendations for the Russian practice, it is necessary to note facilitating the SME access to financial resources, promoting entrepreneurship, creating networks of entrepreneurs in areas with different specifics, training entrepreneurs and the public in digital technologies, and providing special benefits for doing business to vulnerable groups of the population. Research prospects: analysis of the Russian experience of SME support in conjunction with the SDGs and generalization of the most effective practices in order to form an effective policy.&nbsp