7 research outputs found
The influence of image reconstruction on two-dimensional spectrograms of the solar photosphere
Aims.We present a spectral analysis of small-scale structures in the solar photosphere
and investigate the influence of the speckle deconvolution technique on the line profiles.
Methods. A short sequence of
two-dimensional spectra is used, taken with the Telecentric Etalon Solar
Spectrometer (TESOS) at the German Vacuum Tower Telescope on
Tenerife. We observed two small pores surrounded by disturbed and by
regular granulation in the non-magnetic neutral Iron line at 557.6 nm.
In a first step, a speckle reconstruction is computed by applying
an extended Knox-Thompson algorithm to the broad-band data.
In a second step, the individual narrow-band filtergrams are deconvolved
utilizing the information gained in the first step.
We then perform a spectral analysis of the 2DÂ spectra and compare the results obtained with the raw and the
restored data.
Results.Important spectral quantities, e.g. line position, line depression and line asymmetry are
largely unchanged by the image reconstruction process.
We derive the line asymmetry and the line-of-sight flow for granules and
intergranular lanes and also for an isolated G-band bright point and find important differences between quiet and
magnetically disturbed granulation: the granule centers in the quiet region show a strong asymmetry with significant
blue shift (300Â m/s) toward deeper layers,
while the velocity in the disturbed area show virtually no height dependence. For the intergranular lanes the situation
is reversed: no height dependence in the quiet area, significant red-shift toward deeper layers in the disturbed part.
An isolated G-band bright point does not show any line-of-sight motion relative to its immediate surroundings.
The map of LOS velocities derived from line-wing shifts shows a significant downflow around one of the pores measured in
deep layers of the photosphere.
Conclusions.In most cases we do not find any artefacts in the reconstructed line profiles that would compromise their
usage for quantitative spectroscopy
Application of speckle and (multi-object) multi-frame blind deconvolution techniques on imaging and imaging spectropolarimetric data
We test the effects of reconstruction techniques on 2D data to determine the
best approach. We obtained a time-series of spectropolarimetric data in the Fe
I line at 630.25 nm with the Goettingen Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) that
are accompanied by imaging data at 431.3 nm and Ca II H. We apply both speckle
and (MO)MFBD techniques. We compare the spatial resolution and investigate the
impact of the reconstruction on spectral characteristics. The speckle
reconstruction and MFBD perform similar for our imaging data with nearly
identical intensity contrasts. MFBD provides a better and more homogeneous
resolution at the shortest wavelength. The MOMFBD and speckle deconvolution of
the intensity spectra lead to similar results, but our choice of settings for
the MOMFBD yields an intensity contrast smaller by about 2% at a comparable
spatial resolution. None of the reconstruction techniques introduces artifacts
in the intensity spectra. The speckle deconvolution (MOMFBD) has a rms noise in
V/I of 0.32% (0.20%). The deconvolved spectra thus require a high significance
threshold of about 1.0%. A comparison to spectra with a significantly higher
S/N ratio and to spectra from a MHD simulation reveals that the Goettingen FPI
can only detect about 30% of the polarization signal in quiet Sun. The
distribution of NCP values for the speckle-deconvolved data matches that of
observations with higher S/N better than MOMFBD, but shows seemingly
artificially sharp boundaries and unexpected changes of the sign. For the
spectropolarimetric data, the higher intensity contrast of the speckle
deconvolution is balanced by the smaller amplification of the noise level in
the MOMFBD at a comparable spatial resolution. The noise level prevents the
detection of weak and diffuse magnetic fields.Comment: 17 pages, 18 figures, A&A accepte
Thermodynamic fluctuations in solar photospheric three-dimensional convection simulations and observations
Observations of Photospheric Dynamics and Magnetic Fields: From Large-Scale to Small-Scale Flows
International audienceThis paper reviews solar flows and magnetic fields observed at the photospheric level. We first present the context in which these observations are performed. We describe the various temporal and spatial scales involved, and the coupling between them. Then we present small-scale flows, mainly supergranulation and flows around active regions. Flows at the global scale are then reviewed, again with emphasis on the flows, i.e. differential rotation, torsional oscillation and meridional circulation. In both small- and global-scale we discuss the coupling between flow fields and magnetic field and give an overview of observational techniques. Finally, the possible connection between studies of solar activity and stellar activity is briefly discussed