Un automne jaune: Entretien avec Corinne Gobin et Anne Dufresne par Julie Luong

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Cloning and expression of PKG, a candidate foraging regulating gene in Vespula vulgaris

In honey bees enhancement of cGMP dependent protein kinase expression accompanies the behavioural transition from in hive working nursing bees towards outdoors foraging worker bees. Accordingly this gene was named amfor or Apis mellifera foraging gene. In the red harvester ant Pogonomyrmex barbatus a gene homologue affected food seeking behaviour as well but in this species the PKG expression decreased from the onset of foraging behaviour. Since the wasp Vespula vulgaris is phylogenetically positioned between both species in this paper we tried to elucidate whether the involvement of PKG in foraging behaviour can be extended to this species and if so, whether its expression is enhanced or decreased at the moment of transition. To enable this candidate gene approach, we first had to clone the PKG homologue from the common wasp. QPCR indicated a relevantly higher expression of Vvfor in nursing versus foraging wasps although interpretation of the results was hampered by a remarkable degree of variation as could be predicted from in the wild captured wasps as a source for mRNA extraction and quantification.status: publishe

Diazirines as Potent Electrophilic Nitrogen Sources: Application to the Synthesis of Pyrazoles

Even after more than 50 years since its discovery, the electrophilic potential of diazirines was never truly exploited. This longstanding limitation has been resolved. <i>N</i>-Monosubstituted diaziridines and hydrazones are obtained by nucleophilic additions. They release, under hydrolysis conditions, the corresponding monosubstituted hydrazines. The latter were converted to pyrazoles in high yields. The adamantanone can be recovered in 80–100% yields. This work demonstrates the potential of diazirines as electrophilic nitrogen sources with recoverable protecting groups

Tocilizumab versus anakinra in COVID-19: results from propensity score matching

International audienceBackground Tocilizumab and anakinra are anti-interleukin drugs to treat severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) refractory to corticosteroids. However, no studies compared the efficacy of tocilizumab versus anakinra to guide the choice of the therapy in clinical practice. We aimed to compare the outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab or anakinra. Methods Our retrospective study was conducted in three French university hospitals between February 2021 and February 2022 and included all the consecutive hospitalized patients with a laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection assessed by RT-PCR who were treated with tocilizumab or anakinra. A propensity score matching was performed to minimize confounding effects due to the non-random allocation. Results Among 235 patients (mean age, 72 years; 60.9% of male patients), the 28-day mortality (29.4% vs. 31.2%, p = 0.76), the in-hospital mortality (31.7% vs. 33.0%, p = 0.83), the high-flow oxygen requirement (17.5% vs. 18.3%, p = 0.86), the intensive care unit admission rate (30.8% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.30), and the mechanical ventilation rate (15.4% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.50) were similar in patients receiving tocilizumab and those receiving anakinra. After propensity score matching, the 28-day mortality (29.1% vs. 30.4%, p = 1) and the rate of high-flow oxygen requirement (10.1% vs. 21.5%, p = 0.081) did not differ between patients receiving tocilizumab or anakinra. Secondary infection rates were similar between the tocilizumab and anakinra groups (6.3% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.44). Conclusion Our study showed comparable efficacy and safety profiles of tocilizumab and anakinra to treat severe COVID-19

IQSEC2-related encephalopathy in males and females: a comparative study including 37 novel patients

International audienc