Functional disability of adult individuals with spinal cord injury and its association with socio-demographic characteristics

The aim was to investigate the Functional Disability degree in adults with spinal cord injury and its association with socio-demographic characteristics. The Barthel Index was used and 75 subjects answered a questionnaire with socio-demographic variables. The Chi-Square, Cronbach's Alpha and Fisher tests were used in the analysis. The mean age was 42.23 years. Cronbach's Alpha for the Barthel Index was 0.807. The activities that were more difficult to perform were Climbing and Descending Stairs (92%) and Walking (82.7%). The mean Barthel Index score was 64 points. The tests of association demonstrated values with p>;0.05. Even though this population demonstrated a low degree of dependency and no association was identified between the socio-demographic variables and Functional Disability, the study contributes to nursing care for individuals with spinal cord injury, considering the limitations the condition imposes on their self-care.El objetivo fue investigar el grado de Incapacidad Funcional de adultos con lesión medular y su asociación con las características socio-demográficas. Se utilizó el Índice de Barthel y un cuestionario con variables socio-demográficas. Participaron 75 sujetos. Se efectuaron las pruebas: Chi-cuadrado, Cronbach y Fisher. El promedio de edad fue de 43,23 años. El Alfa de Cronbach para el Índice de Barthel fue de 0,807. Las actividades en las cuales se verificó mayor dificultad de realización fueron Subir y Bajar escaleras (92%) y Deambular (82,7%). La mediana del Índice de Barthel fue de 64 puntos. Las pruebas de asociación presentaron valores de p>;0,05. A pesar de que la población presenta un grado leve de dependencia y no se identificaron asociaciones entre las variables socio-demográficas y la Incapacidad Funcional, se considera que el estudio contribuye para la asistencia de enfermería, debido a algunas limitaciones que la lesión medular impone en el auto-cuidado.Objetivou-se investigar o grau de incapacidade funcional de adultos com lesão medular e a sua associação com as características sociodemográficas. Utilizaram-se o índice de Barthel e um questionário com variáveis sociodemográficas. Participaram 75 sujeitos. Efetuaram-se os teste qui-quadrado, Cronbach e Fisher. A média de idade foi de 43,23 anos. O alfa de Cronbach para o índice de Barthel foi de 0,807. As atividades nas quais se verificou maior dificuldade de realização foram subir e descer escadas (92%) e deambular (82,7%). O escore médio do índice de Barthel foi de 64 pontos. Os testes de associação apresentaram valores de p>;0,05. Apesar de a população apresentar grau leve de dependência e não se identificar associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e a incapacidade funcional, considera-se que o estudo contribui para a assistência de enfermagem, por possibilitar reflexões na busca de se amenizar algumas limitações que a lesão medular impõe ao autocuidado

A prática do bullying em adolescentes do gênero feminino

Objective: to analyze whether bullying is frequently practiced among adolescent girls, those who practice it and the consequences. Method: exploratory and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The research population was girls aged between 10 and 19 years, regularly enrolled in a public school in Recife-Pernambuco. Data were collected in February and March 2019, being obtained through interviews with objective questions related to the theme. Results: it was attended by 60 girls (average age 14 years). Most (68.4%) answered that they felt victimized by bullying; 49.9% are victims, according to the frequency of exposure to aggressions and 76.6% were bullied by boys; 26.6% showed bad consequences derived from this act. Verbal form was the most cited (31.6%). Conclusion: there is a high prevalence of adolescent victims of bullying. It emphasizes the importance of the family and school community in breaking social paradigms in order to decrease the occurrence of bullying.: Objetivo: analisar se o bullying é praticado com frequência entre meninas adolescentes, quem pratica e as consequências. Método: estudo exploratório, transversal com abordagem quantitativa. A população da pesquisa foi meninas com idade entre 10 e 19 anos, regularmente matriculadas numa escola pública em Recife-Pernambuco. Os dados foram coletados em fevereiro e março de 2019, e obtidos por meio de entrevistas com perguntas objetivas relacionadas à temática. Resultados: participaram 60 meninas (idade média de 14 anos). A maioria (68,4%) respondeu que se sentia vítima de bullying; 49,9% são vítimas, de acordo com a frequência de exposição às agressões e 76,6% sofreram bullying vindo de meninos; 26,6% apresentaram consequências ruins em decorrência do ato. A forma verbal foi a mais citada (31,6%). Conclusão: há elevada prevalência de adolescentes vítimas de bullying. Salienta-se a importância da família e comunidade escolar na quebra de paradigmas sociais a fim de minimizar a ocorrência do bullying

RISK FACTORS FOR NEONATAL SEPSIS IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: EVIDENCE STUDY

Integrative literature review aimed to present the main evidence of risk factors for neonatal sepsis in newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The search was performed between the months of July and August 2015, in the databases Scientific Electronic Library Online, SciVerse Scopus and PubMed, using the following descriptors: risk factors, neonatal intensive care unit, newborn and the following keywords: neonatal sepsis and prematurity. The search included 31 publications whose outcomes showed that the predictive factors for neonatal sepsis are associated to gestational age, premature rupture of amniotic membranes and maternal infection. Birth conditions, low weight and prematurity are strong evidence of sepsis. The factors related to the environment of the neonatal intensive care unit are potential contributing factors associated to late-onset sepsis.Revisão integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de apresentar as principais evidências de fatores de risco para sepse neonatal em recém-nascidos internados em Unidade de Terapia Neonatal. A busca foi realizada entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2015, nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online, SciVerse Scopus e PubMed, utilizando como descritores: fatores de risco, unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal, recém-nascido e as seguintes palavras-chaves: sepse neonatal e prematuridade. A busca totalizou 31 publicações cujos resultados mostraram que os fatores preditivos para a sepse neonatal estão associados à idade gestacional, ruptura prematura das membranas amnióticas e infecção materna. Condições de nascimento, baixo peso e prematuridade são fortes evidências para sepse. Os fatores relacionados ao ambiente da unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal contribuem fortemente para a sepse tardia.Revisión integrativa de literatura cuya finalidad fue presentar las principales evidencias de factores de riesgo para sepsis neonatal en recién nacidos internados en Unidad de Terapia Neonatal. La búsqueda fue hecha entre los meses de julio y agosto de 2015, en las bases de datos Scientific Eletronic Library Online, SciVerse Scopus y PubMed, utilizándose los descriptores: factores de riesgo, unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal, recién nacido; y las siguientes palabras claves: sepsis neonatal y prematuridad. La búsqueda totalizó 31 publicaciones cuyos resultados mostraron que los factores predictivos para sepsis neonatal están asociados a edad gestacional, ruptura prematura de las membranas amnióticas e infección materna. Condiciones de nacimiento, bajo peso y prematuridad son fuertes evidencias para sepsis. Los factores referentes al ambiente de la unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal contribuyen mucho para la sepsis tardía

Knowledge of women seen in primary care about the early detection of breast cancer / Conhecimento de mulheres atendidas na atenção primária sobre a detecção precoce do câncer de mama

Objective: to investigate the knowledge of women assisted in Primary Care about the early detection of breast cancer. Method: a quantitative and cross-sectional study, carried out with 265 women of mammographic screening age. The collection was performed in person with a validated Breast Cancer Awareness Measure instrument. Results: it was found that, in general, there is knowledge about the clinical signs for breast cancer, however there is a lack of knowledge about the recommended age for performing the exam, and there was no consensus on the hereditary factors for breast cancer.The difficulty in scheduling the appointment and the lack of transport were identified as barriers that make it difficult to seek health professionals. Conclusion: it is essential to strengthen actions for the early detection of breast cancer, with the production and dissemination of knowledge and provision of subsidies that guarantee quick and easy access to screening and early diagnosis initiatives.Objetivo: investigar el conocimiento de las mujeres atendidas en Atención Primaria sobre la detección precoz del cáncer de mama. Método: estudio cuantitativo y transversal, realizado con 265 mujeres en edad de tamizaje mamográfico. La recolección se realizó de manera presencial con un instrumento validado de Medida de Concientización sobre el Cáncer de Mama. Resultados: se encontró que, en general, existe conocimiento sobre los signos clínicos para el cáncer de mama, sin embargo, existe desconocimiento sobre la edad recomendada para realizar el examen, y no hubo consenso sobre los factores hereditarios para el cáncer de mama. La dificultad en la programación de la cita y la falta de transporte fueron identificadas como barreras que dificultan la búsqueda de profesionales de la salud. Conclusión: es fundamental fortalecer las acciones para la detección temprana del cáncer de mama, con la producción y difusión de conocimiento y provisión de subsidios que garanticen el acceso rápido y fácil a las iniciativas de tamizaje y diagnóstico temprano.Objetivo: investigar o conhecimento de mulheres atendidas na Atenção Primária sobre a detecção precoce do câncer de mama. Método: estudo de abordagem quantitativa e transversal, realizado com 265 mulheres em idade de rastreamento mamográfico. A coleta foi realizada presencialmente com instrumento validado Breast Cancer Awareness Measure. Resultados: verificou-se que há, de um modo geral, conhecimento sobre os sinais clínicos para o câncer de mama, no entanto há desconhecimento sobre a idade preconizada para realização do exame, e não houve consenso sobre os fatores hereditários para o câncer de mama. A dificuldade de marcar a consulta e a falta de transporte foram apontadas como barreiras que dificultam a procura de profissionais de saúde. Conclusão: torna-se fundamental fortalecer as ações para a detecção precoce do câncer de mama, com produção e disseminação do conhecimento e provimento de subsídios que garantam o acesso rápido e facilitado às iniciativas de rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce.

O trabalho colaborativo na escola: o uso da tecnologia assistiva

This research discusses the process of education of people with disabilities from actions and interventions in school by the collaborative work. This study aimed to describe backed actions in Special Education Policy on Inclusive Perspective and how those boosted the educational process of disabled individuals. On this way, was used the methodology of the research action under critical-collaborative perspective. Five public regular schools were participants on this research, and those had enrolled subjects with disabilities. Thus, it showed the need to redirect existing practices and seek new grants that enable design a truly inclusive school. The results highlight the access to more inclusive curriculum by adapting various teaching resources through the implementation of Assistive Technology.Este trabalho se dispôs a pensar o processo de escolarização dos sujeitos com deficiência a partir de ações-intervenções realizadas na escola, possibilitadas pelo trabalho colaborativo. Objetivou-se descrever as ações respaldadas na Política da Educação Especial na Perspectiva Inclusiva e como estas impulsionaram o processo educacional dos sujeitos com deficiência. Dessa forma, respaldou-se metodologicamente na pesquisa-ação sob perspectiva crítico-colaborativa . Participaram da pesquisa cinco escolas da rede pública regular que possuíam matriculados sujeitos com deficiência. Como resultados destaca-se o acesso ao currículo mais inclusivo mediante a adaptação de diversos recursos pedagógicos através da implementação da Tecnologia Assistiva e da Comunicação Alternativa. Dessa forma, mostrou-se a necessidade de reorientar as práticas vigentes e buscar novos subsídios que possibilitem delinear uma escola verdadeiramente inclusiva

Adenoma de hipófise em uma gata com hiperadrenocorticismo

Background:  :  :  : Feline Cushing’s syndrome (FCS) is a disorder of excessive cortisol secretion by the adrenal glands and is rare in cats. The most frequently observed clinical signs are polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia which are also consistent with diabetes mellitus. These diabetic cats are often insulin resistants. The dexamethasone suppression test is considered the test of choice for the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism. The majority of cats with naturally occurring Cushing’s syndrome have pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism and it is caused by functional microadenoma or macroadenoma pituitary. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in diagnosis of pituitary tumors. Treatments of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism include surgery of the pituitary or adrenals, radiation of the pituitary, and medical therapies. Bilateral adrenalectomy continues to represent the best long-term therapeutic strategy until hypophysectomy becomes more widely available. This paper reports a cat with macroadenoma pituitary causing hiperadrenocorticism and insulin resistance. Case: A 12-year-old female castrated Brazilian shorthair cat was referred to the veterinary due to polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss and polyphagia. The presence of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >250 mg/dl), glucosuria and elevated fructosamine concentration revealed diabetes mellitus. Insulin therapy was introduced but the glycemia was poorly controlled despite the high dose of insulin. Concomitant disease was suspected. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed bilaterally enlarged adrenals. The dexamethasone suppression test showed pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Computed tomography or hypophysectomy wasn‘t available. Medical therapy with mitotane was introduced but anorexia and vomiting developed. Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed without complications and histological evaluation of adrenal revealed hyperplasia. After surgery, treatment with mineralcorticoids and glucocorticoids was introduced. The cat had resolution of clinical signs and insulin requirements were decreased. According to the owner, three weeks after surgery, the cat showed abnormal behavior, compulsive walking and circling. The cat died eight months after bilateral adrenalectomy. A complete necropsy was performed and histopathological examination confirmed the pituitary macroadenoma. Discussion: Insulin resistance should be suspected in diabetic cat if control of glycemia is poor despite the high insulin dosage. Clinical signs related to poorly controlled diabetes mellitus are common in cats with hyperadrenocorticism. Hyperadrenocorticism can cause severe insulin resistance and it is often associated with a pituitary macrotumor. Pituitary tumors may lead to hypercotisolism. Bilateral adrenalectomy is a viable alternative to transphenoidal hypophysectomy for treatment of feline pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism when hypophysectomy is not available. Neurological signs can be a result of pituitary tumors and they can get worse after the adrenalectomy because of the enlargement of the tumor. Despite of clinical signs, the cat had improved in response to the bilateral adrenalectomy and had a good quality of life during eight months after surgery

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using a biosurfactant produced in low-cost medium as stabilizing agent

Background: A biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultivated in a low-cost medium formulated with 2.5% vegetable oil refinery residue and 2.5% corn steep liquor and distilled water was employed to stabilize silver nanoparticles in the liquid phase. The particleswere initially synthesized using NaBH4 as reducing agent in biosurfactant reverse micelles and were extracted from the micellar solution to disperse in heptane. Results: A silver particle size in the range of 1.13 nmwas observed. The UV\u2013vis absorption spectra proposed that silver nanoparticles could be formed in the reverse micelles and relatively stabilized for at least 3 months without passivator addition. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) shows that the silver nanoparticles are of spherical form and relatively uniform. Conclusions: This process provided a simpler route for nanoparticle synthesis compared to existing systems using whole organisms or partially purified biological extracts, showing that the low-cost biosurfactant can be used for nanoparticle synthesis as a non-toxic and biodegradable stabilizing agent

"Já que tu fazes psicologia, então..." : reflexões acerca da concepção cotidiana da psicologia

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Screening, production and biochemical characterization of a new fibrinolytic enzyme produced by Streptomyces sp. (Streptomycetaceae) isolated from Amazonian lichens

Thrombosis is a pathophysiological disorder caused by accumulation of fibrin in the blood. Fibrinolytic proteases with potent thrombolytic activity have been produced by diverse microbial sources. Considering the microbial biodiversity of the Amazon region, this study aimed at the screening, production and biochemical characterization of a fibrinolytic enzyme produced by Streptomyces sp. isolated from Amazonian lichens. The strain Streptomyces DPUA1576 showed the highest fibrinolytic activity, which was 283 mm2. Three variables at two levels were used to assess their effects on the fibrinolytic production. The parameters studied were agitation (0.28 - 1.12 g), temperature (28 - 36 ºC) and pH (6.0 - 8.0); all of them had significant effects on the fibrinolytic production. The maximum fibrinolytic activity (304 mm2) was observed at 1.12 g, 28 ºC, and pH of 8.0. The crude extract of the fermentation broth was used to assess the biochemical properties of the enzyme. Protease and fibrinolytic activities were stable during 6 h, at a pH ranging from 6.8 to 8.4 and 5.8 to 9.2, respectively. Optimum temperature for protease activity ranged between 35 and 55 °C, while the highest fibrinolytic activity was observed at 45 ºC. Proteolytic activity was inhibited by Cu2+ and Co2+ ions, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and pepstatin A, which suggests that the enzyme is a serine protease. Enzymatic extract cleaved fibrinogen at the subunits A-chain, A-chain, and -chain. The results indicated that Streptomyces sp. DPUA 1576 produces enzymes with fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activity, enzymes with an important application in the pharmaceutical industry.The authors grateful acknowledge the financial support of Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE, Pernambuco, Brazil, N. 0158-2.12/11), CNPq/ RENORBIO (National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development, N.55146/2010-3) and National Council for the Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES, Brazil) for the scholarship. The author thanks editor and reviewers for their review and comments.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio