Métricas de similitud mediante String Matching Comparison en identificación de plantas para su clasificación en el Instituto de Biología de la UNAM

México es uno de los países más ricos en su flora, teniendo cerca de 30 000 especies diferentes y su territorio posee gran diversidad de grupos taxonómicos. La identificación taxonómica se define como el proceso de nombrar o catalogar un espécimen dentro de un sistema de clasificación previa, la cual comprende tres actividades principales que son: clasificación (asignar un grupo), nomenclatura (asignar un nombre) e identificación (asignar una ubicación). La clasificación de una planta en México es por clase, familia, género y especie. En el Instituto de la UNAM se tiene un “museo de plantas”, que es la más completa nivel nacional. Toda planta almacenada primero es “curada”, esto es clasificarla correctamente para su almacenamiento. Este proceso es manual por el especialista en el ramo que es el Dr. José Luís Villaseñor Ríos, tienendo una gran cantidad de trabajo atrasado por escasez de personal, tiempo y recursos

Fatores associados à eficácia no desempenho esportivo de equipes campeãs de basquetebol em categorias de formação

O objetivo deste estudo empírico, associativo, preditivo e transversal foi analisar os fatores associados à eficácia no desempenho esportivo de equipes campeãs de basquetebol em categorias de formação. Utilizou-se o Instrumento de Avaliação do Desempenho Técnico-Tático Individual no Basquetebol (Folle et al., 2014) para analisar 10.948 ações de jogo de 26 atletas de basquetebol feminino em competições estaduais das categorias sub-16 e sub-18. A análise das informações coletadas foi realizada no software estatístico SPSS 23, por meio de modelos de regressão logística binária, considerando-se o nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados evidenciam que os principais fatores associados à eficácia no desempenho esportivo compreendem a tomada de decisão e a adaptação durante o jogo, bem como o tempo de experiência esportiva e o nível de experiência competitiva.The aim of this empirical, associative, predictive, transversal study was to analyze the factors associated to efficacy in the sports performance of champion basketball teams in training categories. We used the Instrument for Assessment of Technical-Tactical Individual Performance in Basketball (Folle et al., 2014) to analyze 10,948 game actions of 26 female basketball players in state competitions of the under-16 and under-18 categories. Analysis of the information collected was performed using SPSS 23 software through binary logistic regression models, considering the significance level of 5%. Results show that the main factors associated to efficacy in sports performance are decision making and adaptation during the game, as well as the time of sporting experience and the level of competitive experience

The Influence of Dry Particle Coating Parameters on Thermal Coatings Properties

International audienceThe physical properties of coatings elaborated by plasma spraying, especially the mechanical properties are strongly influenced by some fifty operating parameters of the spraying process. Several studies have been conducted to correlate these operating parameters with the coating microstructure, via the behavior of molten particles in flight to be impacted against the surface substrate, well known as splats. Then, it is expected to build coatings with tailored properties for mechanical and even thermal applications (Fauchais & Vardelle, 2000). Simultaneously to the operating parameters of plasma spraying, characteristics of raw powder play an important role in the coating elaboration (Vaidya et al, 2001). Depending on the production process, particles feature different characteristics concerning shape, size, specific density, purity, etc. This has a significant influence on the resulting coating properties (Sampath et al, 1996). Consequently, it becomes mandatory to have an intensive knowledge about the powder characteristics in order to better control the behavior of inflight particles and, thus obtaining coatings with the expected performance. For the elaboration of composite coatings, it is commonly to use composite powders. However, different characteristics of powders are obtained from the variety of processes nowadays available for powder production, even for powders with the same chemical composition! (Kubel, 2000) Kubel has compared powders produced from different techniques for plasma spraying (atomization, agglomeration by spray-drying, melting and grinding, wet particle coating; sintering). A variety of powder characteristics is found for which the operating parameters for plasma spraying must be adapted to obtain deposits featuring the desired properties. From this, certain components or materials are fabricated by some of these methods or exclusively just one

Standalone direct pumping photovoltaic system or energy storage in batteries for supplying irrigation networks. Cost analysis

[EN] Solar photovoltaic systems have become one of the most popular topics in the water management industry. Moreover, irrigation networks are water- and energy-hungry, and utilitymanagers are likely to adaptwater consumption (and consequently energy demand) to the hours inwhich there is energy availability. In countries such as Spain (with high irradiance values), solar energy is an available green alternative characterised by zero electricity costs and significantly lower environmental impact. In this work, several types of irrigation scheduled programmes (according to different irrigation sectors) that minimise the number of photovoltaic solar panels to be installed are studied; moreover, the effects of the variable costs linked to energy (energy and emissions costs) are presented. Finally, the effect of incorporating batteries for storing energy to protect the system against emergencies, such as unfavourable weather, is proposed. The irrigation hours available to satisfywater demands are limited by sunlight; they are also limited by the condition that the irrigation schedule type has to be rigid (predetermined rotation) and that the pressure at any node has to be above minimumpressure required by standards. A real case study is performed, and the results obtained demonstrate that there is no universal solution; this is because the portfolio of alternatives is based on investments for purchasing equipment at present and also on future energy savings (revenues). Apart from these two values, there is an economic value (equivalent discontinuous discount rate), which also influences the final results.This work was supported by the research project “GESAEN” through the 2016 call of the Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación de la Universidad de Alicante GRE-16-08.Pardo Picazo, MA.; Manzano Juarez, J.; Valdes-Abellan, J.; Cobacho Jordán, R. (2019). Standalone direct pumping photovoltaic system or energy storage in batteries for supplying irrigation networks. Cost analysis. The Science of The Total Environment. 673:821-830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.050S82183067

Modelo CROPGRO-Peanut : simulación de la fenología, crecimiento y rendimiento del cultivo de maní.

El uso de modelos de simulación de cultivos es una herramienta valiosa para la toma de decisiones sobre el manejo del cultivo, pues genera información sobre la producción en función de las condiciones meteorológicas, edáficas y del manejo del cultivo. Para ello, en primera instancia el modelo debe ser calibrado y más tarde validado, siempre sobre información obtenida previamente a campo. El modelo CROPGRO-Peanut es una estructura modular del DSSAT que simula la fenología y productividad del cultivo de maní bajo condiciones ambientales y prácticas de manejo. Sin embargo, el modelo requiere no sólo información de suelo, clima y prácticas de manejo; pues también demanda información sobre coeficientes genéticos específicos de cada cultivar que definen el desarrollo y el crecimiento. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron (i) calibrar los coeficientes genéticos de la variedad ASEM 485 INTA del modelo CROPGRO-Peanut para para fases fenológicas, producción de biomasa y rendimiento y, (ii) validar dichos coeficientes genéticos con datos relevados a campo.EEA ManfrediFil: Haro Juarez, Ricardo Javier. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; ArgentinaFil: Ovando, G. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentin

EFFICIENCY OF IMPREGNATION WITH SALT SOLUTIONS IN THE RESISTANCE OF Corymbia torelliana AND Eucalyptus cloeziana WOODS TO DECAY FUNGY Postia placenta

The research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of salt solutions (sodium chloride, lithium chloride, sodium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and cupric sulphate = copper sulphate II) impregnated in the woods of Corymbia torelliana and Eucalyptus cloeziana on biological resistance to fungy of brown rot (Postia placenta) under laboratory conditions. From each species were taken samples of 2.0 x 2.0 x 3.0 cm (tangential x radial x longitudinal), over the large planks in the heartwood region on base-top direction. The samples were impregnated with 5% concentration of solutions and submitted for 16 weeks to the Postia placenta fungy under laboratory conditions. The wood of Eucalyptus cloeziana was more resistant to decay than Corymbia torelliana, both impregnated with salt solutions as not impregnated (natural). The treatments with saline solutions were satisfactory as regards resistance of wood degradation, being classified as very resistant, serving as a parameter for the evaluation of the wood, the xylophagous tested fungy

Uso do DSSAT-PNUTGRO na região central da Argentina: avaliações de datas de semeadura com informações históricas e cenários de mudanças climáticas

Ponencia presentada en XVII Encontro e II Feira Nacional do Amendoim. Modalidad Virtual, 10 al 14 de agosto de 2020.El cultivo de maní es importante en la región central de Argentina y se realiza principalmente en secano, por lo que resulta importante establecer una fecha de siembra adecuada para que el cultivo aproveche las precipitaciones durante su ciclo de cultivo. La fecha de siembra podría incluso ser modificada debido a los efectos del cambio climático. Los modelos de cultivos permiten evaluar los efectos del clima, el suelo, el manejo sobre el rendimiento del cultivo y su variabilidad. Los objetivos de este trabajo consistieron en emplear el modelo Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) para identificar una fecha de siembra óptima utilizando datos climáticos históricos y determinar los efectos del cambio climático en el rendimiento de maní. A tal efecto, se realizaron simulaciones para el cultivar ASEM 400 INTA con información meteorológica histórica (1973-2019) y de un futuro cercano (2030-2064) y lejano (2065-2099) con cuatro escenarios Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP: 2.6; 4.5 6.0 y 8.5 Wm-2), combinando tres fechas de siembra y tres condiciones de contenido de agua en el suelo al momento de la siembra. Las simulaciones realizadas con información meteorológica histórica estiman mayores rendimientos con fechas de siembras más tempranas y la variabilidad de esos rendimientos disminuye cuanto mayor sea el porcentaje de agua útil al momento de la siembra. También se observa una disminución de la variabilidad con mayor contenido de agua a la siembra para condiciones futuras para todos los escenarios analizados. En la mayoría de las condiciones futuras y escenarios los rendimientos medianos se incrementan, en relación a sus respectivos tratamientos con información meteorológica histórica. El mayor incremento mediano de rendimiento de maní se obtiene en un futuro lejano con un RCP de 8.5 Wm-2 y 70% de agua útil a la siembra.The peanut is an important crop in Argentina´s central region and it is mainly sown in dry land. Thus, it is important to establish an appropriate planting date to take advantage of rainfall during its growth cycle. This date could be even modified due to climate change effects. Crop models allow evaluating the effects of climate, soil and management on crop yield and its variability. The goal of this work was to use the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model to identify an optimal sowing date using historical climate data and determine the climate change effects on peanut yield. To this end, simulations were performed for the ASEM 400 INTA cultivar using historical weather data (1973-2019) and, from the near future (2030-2064) and the distant future (2065-2099) with four Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios (RCP: 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5 Wm-2), combining three sowing dates and three conditions of soil water availability at the sowing date. Simulations performed with historical climate data estimate higher yields in earlier sowing dates and, the variability of those yields decrease when there is higher water availability at the sowing date. A decrease in variability with higher soil water content at the sowing date is also observed for future conditions in all the scenarios analyzed. In most future conditions and scenarios, the medium yields increase respect to their treatments with historical weather data. The greatest median increase in peanut yield is obtained in the distant future with a RCP of 8.5 Wm-2 and 70% of water availability at the sowing date.O cultivo de amendoim é importante na região central da Argentina e é realizado principalmente na época da seca, por isso é importante estabelecer uma data ideal de semeadura para que aproveite as chuvas durante seu ciclo de cultivo. Alémdisso, a data de semeadura pode ser modificada pelos efeitos das mudanças climáticas. Os modelos de culturas permitem avaliar os efeitos do clima, solo, manejo no rendimento das culturas e sua variabilidade. Objetivamos identificar a data ideal de semeadura com o modelo Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT), utilizando dados climáticos históricos e determinar os efeitos das mudanças climáticas no rendimento do amendoim. Para isso, simulações foram realizadas com a cultivar ASEM 400 INTA, por meio de informações meteorológicas históricas (1973-2019), no futuro próximo (2030-2064) e no futuro distante (2065-2099) com quatro cenários de Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP: 2,6; 4,5 6,0 e 8,5 W m-2), combinando três datas de semeadura e três condições de teor de água no solo no momento de semeadura (30, 50 e 70% de água útil). Simulações com informações meteorológicas históricas estimaram rendimentos mais altos em datas de plantio anteriores e, esses rendimentos aumentaram e sua variabilidade foi menor com maior quantidade de água útil na semeadura. Para os cenários analisados, também foi observada diminuição na variabilidade com maior teor de água no plantio para condições futuras. Por meio das informações meteorológicas históricas, na maioria das condições e cenários futuros, os rendimentos médios aumentaram em relação aos seus respectivos tratamentos. O maior aumento médio na produção de amendoim foi obtido em um futuro distante com RCP de 8,5 Wm-2 e 70% de água útil no plantio.Fil: Ovando, Gustavo Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Haro Juarez, Ricardo Javier. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; Argentina