Evaluation of subsidies programs to sell green cars: Impact on prices, quantities and efficiency

During the recent period of economic crisis, many countries have introduced scrappage schemes to boost the sale and production of vehicles, particularly of vehicles designed to pollute less. In this paper, we analyze the impact of a particular scheme in Spain (Plan2000E) on vehicle prices and sales figures as well as on the reduction of polluting emissions from vehicles on the road. We considered the introduction of this scheme an exogenous policy change and because we could distinguish a control group (non-subsidized vehicles) and a treatment group (subsidized vehicles), before and after the introduction of the Plan, we were able to carry out our analysis as a quasi-natural experiment. Our study reveals that manufacturers increased vehicle prices by the same amount they were granted through the Plan (1,000 €). In terms of sales, econometric estimations revealed an increase of almost 5% as a result of the implementation of the Plan. With regard to environmental efficiency, we compared the costs (inverted quantity of money) and the benefits of the program (reductions in polluting emissions and additional fiscal revenues) and found that the Plan would only be beneficial if it boosted demand by at least 30%.Subsidies; Automobile sector; Difference-in-Difference estimator; Green policies.

Photon induced Lambda(1520) production and the role of the K^* exchange

We study the photon induced Lambda(1520) production in the effective Lagrangian method near threshold, E_\gamma^{LAB}<2 GeV, and in the quark-gluon string model at higher energies 3 GeV < E_\gamma^{LAB} < 5 GeV. In particular, we study the role of the K^* exchange for the production of Lambda(1520) within the SU(6) Weinberg-Tomozowa chiral unitary model proposed in Phys. Rev. D74 (2006) 034025. The coupling of the Lambda(1520) resonance to the N \bar K^* pair, which is dynamically generated, turns out to be relatively small and, thus, the K exchange mechanism dominates the reaction. In the higher energy region, where experimental data are available, the quark-gluon string mechanism with the K Regge trajectory reproduces both the energy and the angular distribution dependences of the Lambda(1520) photo-production reaction.Comment: 20 pages and 6 page

Validation of suply chain integration scales and the effect that size, level of vertical integration, industry and country have on their value

Academic literature would appear to indicate that supply chain integration is a major factor in explaining the performance of companies. The results are nevertheless inconclusive. Certain authors put forward the idea that the vast range of results obtained are due, amongst other things, to the fact that there is no exactness to the group of scales used, no-one has yet published an analysis of the measurement models nor clear benchmarks. In this paper, we present the theoretical definition of four supply chain integration scales (clients, suppliers, external and internal) and the convergent and discriminant validity of a measurement instrument based on a list of items taken from earlier papers. We also propose a benchmark to interpret the scales by percentiles, using a diverse international sampling broken down into sub-samples based on sector, type of company, size of company and degree of vertical integration.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación DPI2010-18243Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia DPI2006-0553

La aportación del proyecto de comunidades de aprendizaje a la transformación social y educativa de un barrio: La experiencia de La Estrella-La Milagrosa en Albacete

En este artículo se presentan las aportaciones que el proyecto de Comunidades de aprendizaje está realizando a la transformación social y educativa de los barrios La Estrella y La Milagrosa. Se explica el importante papel que han tenido los centros educativos de estos barrios y como el modelo comunitario, que se está implantando en las actuaciones sociales y educativas, se ha visto enriquecido por las aportaciones de los programas Inclu-ed y Urbanitas. También se describe como este proceso ha conducido a la construcción de un Proyecto Educativo de los Barrios La Estrella y La Milagrosa que está permitiendo realizar un trabajo comunitario y dialógico entre el profesorado de los centros, familiares, entidades e instituciones de Albacet

Lectura de la imagen: ¿semiótica o hermenéutica?

Los modos de interpretación de la imagen se han ubicado inmersos dentro de la historia del arte e iconología. Debido al estallido de los discursos visuales en el mundo contemporáneo, recientemente se han incorporado a la discusión la semiótica y la hermenéutica, junto con las psicologías de la imagen y otras teorías de la comunicación. Los modos de abordar los textos visuales, a su vez, se enfrentan a la problemática división de las artes cuyas fronteras se difuminan, acercando a la pintura y escultura a distintas artes con las que se fusionan o, en otros casos, al consumo popular en la cultura de masas. En este texto nos proponemos explorar algunos modelos de lectura de la imagen y sus convergencias a partir del concepto de texto, de iconicidad y símbolo. Es posible observar como la hermenéutica y la semiótica contemporáneas recuperan, principalmente, las teorías de Panofsky, Mukarovsky y Greimas para proponer una lectura de la imagen desde su propia disciplina. Como ciencias del sentido, la hermenéutica y la semiótica debaten su primacía dentro de las humanidades y las preguntas son: ¿cuál de las dos ofrece un modelo de lectura de la imagen más pertinente? o ¿acaso no estarán hablando de lo mismo

Metal Accumulation by Jatropha curcas L. Adult Plants Grown on Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil

Jatropha curcas has the ability to phytoextract high amounts of heavy metals during its first months just after seeding. Notwithstanding, there is scarce information about metal uptake by adult J. curcas plants. To shed light on this issue, 4-year-old J. curcas L. plants were planted in a soil mixture of peat moss and mining soil (high metals content), and the biomass growth and metal absorption during 90 days were compared with those of plants growing in peat moss. The main metal found in the mining soil was Fe (31985 mg kg-1) along with high amounts of As (23717 mg kg-1). After the 90-day phytoremediation, the plant removed 29% of Fe and 44% of As from the soil mixture. Results revealed that J. curcas L. translocated high amounts of metals to its aerial parts, so that translocation factors were much higher than 1. Because of the high translocation and bioaccumulation factors obtained, J. curcas L. can be regarded as a hyperaccumulator plant. Despite the great capacity of J. curcas L. to phytoremediate heavy-metal-contaminated soils, the main drawback is the subsequent handling of the metal-contaminated biomass, although some potential applications have been recently highlighted for this biomass.University of Seville (VIPPIT-2019-I.5

Las exportaciones españolas de vino, 1986-2012: dinámicas gravitacionales.

Las exportaciones totales de vino españolas han experimentado un gran auge desde que España se integró en la CEE en 1986. Las transformaciones han sido espoleadas por los acuerdos de la Ronda Uruguay del GATT en 1994 y por las sucesivas reformas de la PAC y de las Organizaciones Comunes de Mercado del vino de 1987, 1999 y 2008. En este marco de integración y globalización, los destinos, la estructura y la fisonomía de las exportaciones del vino español han cambiado: la lógica de concentración de la exportación en los mercados intracomunitarios se ha compaginado con nuevos destinos y con la variación en la importancia de los mercados tradicionales. En este artículo se analizan los determinantes de estos cambios en la dinámica de gravitación de la exportación del vino español. Se han agrupado los destinos en cinco grandes grupos y se han estudiado las diferencias entre los vinos con denominación de origen y sin ella. Los resultados muestran que España ha experimentado cambios en la gravitación de sus exportaciones, se ha desenvuelto como un país competitivo en precio, como líder exportador de grandes volúmenes de vino sin DOP, a la vez que se ha consolidado en los mercados tradicionales, de mayor precio medio de importación, y ha expandido su dinámica comercial a terceros países importadores emergentes.Spanish wine exports have experienced a great boom since Spain became a member of the EEC in 1986. The process was further stimulated by the 1994 Uruguay Round of GATT agreements, along with successive reforms of the CAP and the Common Market Organizations for wine in 1987, 1999 and 2008. In this symbiotic framework of integration and globalisation, Spanish wine destinations have changed dramatically in structure and characteristics. The logic of focussing exports on intra‐EU markets has now combined with shifts toward other emerging destination countries. In this article we analyse the factors influencing changes in the gravity dynamics of Spanish wine exports and the importance of each variable. Destination markets have been grouped into five large categories that together represent 84% of total exports, and differences between wines with and without a protected designation of origin [denominación de origen protegida or DOP] have been analysed. The results indicate that Spain has experienced shifts in export gravity and developed as a price‐competitive country, becoming an export leader in non‐DOP wine. Simultaneously, Spanish wine has firmly established itself in traditional markets, has a higher average export price and has expanded its commercial dynamics to emerging markets outside the EU

Corruption and local politics: does it pay to be a crook?

During the recent years of economic boom in Spain, political corruption at the local level boomed as well. In fact, it increased from 7 publicly denounced cases from 1999-2003 to at least 180 in the last legislative period (2007-2011). In this paper, we explore this phenomenon in two related ways: how it has affected voting results and political participation, and whether the wrongdoing of local politicians has undermined the voters’ confidence in them. We constructed a socioeconomic municipality database that matched polling results and corruption cases and then estimated a voting-share equation by difference-in-difference and matching techniques. Our results confirm that the voters’ attitude towards corruption is significantly different with respect to parties on the right or the left. In fact, after an imputation in a local corruption case, abstention increases by an average 1.8 percentage points, leftparties’ voting share is reduced by approximately 2 percentage points, while right-parties’ share increases approximately 3 points. However, if the imputed candidate stands for re-election again, right-parties voting share is reduced by 4.4 points, but right-wing corruption at superior levels also increases voting share

Inscripciones de Agudo (Baetica, conventus Cordubensis) y Alhambra (Hispania citerior, conventus Carthaginiensis)

El número de epígrafes romanos en la provincia de Ciudad Real, donde había muy pocos testimonios cuando comenzaron los trabajos de la nueva edición de CIL II, ha crecido mucho en los últimos años. Una gran parte de los nuevos descubrimientos fue mérito de Géza Alföldy, quien recorrió en muchas ocasiones este territorio y consiguió probar que había tenido una gran intensidad de hábito epigráfico, similar al de otras zonas de Hispania, y que gran parte de ese impulso correspondía al gobierno de Augusto. Presentamos aquí dos epígrafes de diferente naturaleza, procedentes de dos puntos situados en los extremos occidental y oriental de la provincia

La responsabilidad civil médico-sanitaria en el ordenamiento jurídico español

En este trabajo se expone el régimen jurídico de la responsabilidad civil médico-sanitaria en Derecho español. Por una parte, se aborda la cuestión de qué jurisdicción es competente en el Derecho español, en la actualidad, para conocer de los distintos casos de responsabilidad civil médico-sanitaria (jurisdicción penal, contencioso-administrativa y/o civil). Por otra parte, se aborda el análisis de qué normas sustantivas del Ordenamiento español son aplicables a este tipo de casos. En Derecho español, el régimen jurídico de la responsabilidad civil médico-sanitaria es una cuestión no exenta de polémica doctrinal, como consecuencia de la diversidad de normativa aplicable a este tipo de supuestos (normas de responsabilidad contractual, normas de responsabilidad extracontractual, normas en materia de Derecho de consumidores y usuarios). Esta diversidad normativa conlleva que la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo juegue un importante papel en la determinación del concreto régimen jurídico aplicable, razón por la cual en este trabajo hay continuas referencias jurisprudencialesThis article discusses the juridical system of civil medical-sanitary liability in the Spanish law. First, the issue of which jurisdiction is currently competent in the Spanish law, so this jurisdiction can know the different cases of civil medical-sanitary liability (penal jurisdiction, actions under administrative law and/or civil), is addressed. Second, which substantive regulations in the Spanish law system are applicable to the type of cases are discussed. In the Spanish law, the juridical system of civil medical-sanitary liability is no issue exempt from doctrinal polemics as a consequence of the diversity of regulations applicable to the type of assumptions (contractual liability regulations extracontractual liability regulations, regulations in connection with consumers’ and users’ laws). This regulatory diversity leads the Supreme Court to play an important role in the determination of the applicable concrete juridical system; and this is the reason for the many jurisprudential references in this articl