The DDG^G-classifier in the functional setting

The Maximum Depth was the first attempt to use data depths instead of multivariate raw data to construct a classification rule. Recently, the DD-classifier has solved several serious limitations of the Maximum Depth classifier but some issues still remain. This paper is devoted to extending the DD-classifier in the following ways: first, to surpass the limitation of the DD-classifier when more than two groups are involved. Second to apply regular classification methods (like $k$NN, linear or quadratic classifiers, recursive partitioning,...) to DD-plots to obtain useful insights through the diagnostics of these methods. And third, to integrate different sources of information (data depths or multivariate functional data) in a unified way in the classification procedure. Besides, as the DD-classifier trick is especially useful in the functional framework, an enhanced revision of several functional data depths is done in the paper. A simulation study and applications to some classical real datasets are also provided showing the power of the new proposal.Comment: 29 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables, Supplemental R Code and Dat

Autoproblem : motor generador de problemes d'estadistica bàsica

Els objectius del projecte són: -Crear un conjunt d'aplicacions portables a qualsevol ordinador, per tal de que arribi al màxim d'usuaris possibles sigui quina sigui la seva situació geografica, si és a casa o si és a la facultat. D'aquesta manera es vol crear una aplicació que es pogués utilitiar com a material de classes de pràctiques, o com a material d'examen, o simplement perque l'estudiant pugui estudiar l'assignatura. - Creació d'un conjunt de rutines de simulació de dades aleatóries. D'aquesta manera estudiants que executen el mateix problema alhora tenen dades diferents, i per tant poden arribar a conclusions diferents. - La creació d'un programa d'edició de problemes senzill i fàcíl d'utilitzar per part del professor. - Crear una aplicació de resolució seqüencial i guiada deis problemes plantejats pel professor. Aquest és un dels objectius més importants, doncs es vol que l'estudiant resolgui el problema plantejat per l'aplicació de manera que posi en pràctica tot el que ha après a la classe i a més, que el resolgui d'una manera seqüencial. La creació d'un sistema de control deis estudiants que executin els problemes a la pàgina web. Aquest objectiu assolir aquest objectiu és important de cara a fer pràctiques o exàmens amb l'aplicació de l'estudiant. D'aquesta manera el professor pot conèixer l'evolució deIs seus estudiants al llarg del quadrimestres en que es faci l'assígnatura

The Fiscal Policy response to the crisis in the European Union

Cuando en el verano de 2007 se percibieron los primeros síntomas de la crisis económica que se avecinaba, pocos eran los que aventuraban el papel central que adquiriría la política fiscal en la gestión de la misma. La Unión Europea, que a partir del Tratado de Maastricht había fijado unas reglas cuantitativas de actuación para las cuentas públicas -en consonancia con los postulados del Consenso de Washington-, las reformó en 2005, justo un par de años antes de que se desencadenara la crisis, imprimiéndoles un sesgo menos rígido y permitiendo un mayor margen de maniobra para la política fiscal. En este contexto marcado por la crisis económica y la existencia de unas pautas de actuación para sector público, se desarrolla la respuesta planteada por la Unión Europea para luchar contra la recesión. Al análisis de la vertiente fiscal de dicha respuesta va destinado este trabajo. --------------------------------------------------When in the summer of 2007 the current crisis began, very few analysts thought about the relevance of fiscal policy to its solution. The European Union which had fixed rules for Public Budget and Debt after Maastricht Treaty – following the spirit of Washington Consensus – decided to reform them in 2005, just a couple of years before the crisis unleashed, adopting a more flexible philosophy. In this framework, with both the economic crisis and the rules settled for the public finances, the European Union adopted some measures to fight against the recession. This paper tries to analyze the fiscal policy side of the EU response to the economic downturn.Sociedad de Economía Mundia

On forwarding state control in VPN multicast based on MPLS multipoint LSPs

This work is at: 2012 IEEE 13th International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing took place June 24-27,2012 in Belgrade, Serbia. Web to event: http://hpsr2012.etf.bg.ac.rs/index.phpThe demand for multicast-capable VPN services, like Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS), has grown quickly in the last years. In order to save bandwidth, MPLS point-to-multipoint LSPs could be used, but the VPN-specific state information to be handled inside the network may exceed the capacity of core nodes. A well-known solution for this is to aggregate the multicast/broadcast traffic of multiple VPNs into shared p2mp LSP trees. In shared trees, although some bandwidth is wasted because a fraction of the packets are delivered to non-member leaves (either not in the VPN broadcast or multicast group), there is wide working range where a good state vs. bandwidth trade-off is achieved. In this paper we enhance and improve previous works that analyze this trade-off. We propose new techniques for multicast traffic aggregation of VPNs in MPLS-based networks, with the objective of observing the behavior of the aggregation philosophy for different aggregation degrees, which should be very useful for network design and deployment purposes. We assess the aggregation heuristics over different reference networks and VPN geographic distributions. Simulations give a quantitative indication of the relevance of intelligent aggregation, of geographical distribution and group sizes.The work described in this paper was carried out with the support of MEDIANET PRICIT 2009/TIC-1468, from the Community of Madrid; and Fundación Carolina, Spain.Publicad

Using Rules to Adapt Applications for Business Models with High Evolutionary Rates

Nowadays, business models are in permanent evolution since the requirements belongs to a rapidly evolving world. In a context where communications all around the world travel so fast the business models need to be adapted permanently to the information the managers receive. In such world, traditional software development, needed for adapting software to changes, do not work properly since business changes need to be in exploitation in shorter times. In that situation, it is needed to go quicker from the business idea to the exploitation environment. This issue can be solved accelerating the development speed: from the expert to the customer, with no –or few, technical intervention. This paper proposes an approach to empower domain experts in developing adaptability solutions by using automated sets of production rules in a friendly way. Furthermore, a use case that implements this kind of development was used in a real problem prototype

Collaborative Learning Models on Distance Scenarios with Learning Design: A Case Study

6 págs, 1 fig.-- Publicado en la Sección: "Artículos seleccionados de IEEE ICALT" (ICALT'2008 - Eighth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, Santander, Cantabria, Spain, Jul 1-5, 2008).Previamente publicado como ponencia (en inglés) en: Proceedings ICALT'08 - Eighth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 2008, p. 278-282, http://e-archivo.uc3m.es/handle/10016/8964Collaborative learning models are widely used in educational institutions. These models require a high interaction level among students and are mainly oriented towards in-class scenarios. But when collaborative models are deployed in a distant scenario, user expressiveness is significantly reduced thus creating a gap that hinders the effectiveness of this collaboration. A computer-supported model provides a set of tools to compensate for the distant scenario and reduce this gap. This paper presents the issues and solutions derived from the design and deployment of a complex collaborative model in a distant scenario. The course structure was captured using the Learning Design specification, and an architecture based on Virtual Network Computing was used to provide the required collaborative tools. The course was included as part of a regular undergraduate program in three higher educational institutions.Trabajo parcialmente financiado por el Programa Nacional de Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones, Proyectos MOSAIC (TSI2005-08225-C07-02/04) y LEARN3 (TIN2008-05163/TSI).Publicad

Safety, feasibility, and hemodynamic response of regadenoson for stress perfusion CMR

Owing to its pharmacodynamics and posology, the use of regadenoson for stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has potential advantages over other vasodilators. We sought to evaluate the safety, hemodynamic response and diagnostic performance of regadenoson stress-CMR in routine clinical practice. All regadenoson stress-CMR examinations performed between May 2017 and July 2020 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 698 studies were included for the final analysis. A conventional stress/rest protocol was performed using a 1.5T MRI scanner (Magnetom Aera, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). Adverse events, clinical symptoms, and hemodynamic response were assessed. Diagnostic accuracy of the test was evaluated in patients who underwent invasive coronary angiography. Nearly half of patients (48.5%) remained asymptomatic. Most common clinical symptoms included dyspnea (137, 19.6%), chest pain (116, 16.6%) and flushing (44, 6.3%). Two patients (0.28%) could not complete the examination due to severe hypotension or unbearable chest pain. Overall, an increase in heart rate (HR) response (36.2% [IQR: 22.5–50.9]) and a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) (median systolic BP response of -5% [IQR: -11.5-0.6]; median diastolic BP response of -6.3 mmHg [IQR: -13.4-0]) was observed. Patients with symptoms induced by regadenoson showed higher HR response (40.3%, IQR: 26.4–56.1 vs. 32.4%, IQR: 19-45.6, p<0.001), whereas a blunted HR response was observed in diabetic (29.6%, IQR: 18.4–42 p<0.001), obese (31.7%, IQR: 20.7–46.2 p=0.005) and patients aged 70 years or older (32.9%, IQR: 22.6–43.1 p<0.001). Overall, regadenoson stress-CMR showed 95.65% (IQ 91.49–99.81) sensitivity, 54.84% (IQ 35.71–73.97) specificity, 86.99% (IQ 82.74–94.68) positive predictive value, and 77.27% (IQ 57.49–97.06) negative predictive value for detecting significant coronary stenosis as compared with invasive coronary angiography. Regadenoson is a well-tolerated vasodilator that can be safely employed for stress perfusion CMR, with high diagnostic performanc

Structuring an integrated water-energy-food nexus assessment of a local wind energy desalination system for irrigation

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552Desalination is increasingly put forward as a sustainable local solution to water scarcity in combination with the exploitation of renewable energy sources. However, the complexity of the resource nexus entails the unavoidable existence of pros and cons across its various dimensions that can only be assessed at different scales of analysis. In turn, these pros and cons entail different winners and losers among the different social actors linked through the nexus. To address these challenges, a novel approach to resource nexus assessment is put forward, based on multi-scale integrated analysis of societal and ecosystem metabolism (MuSIASEM) and recognizing the resource nexus as a wicked problem. The integrated representation identifies the existence of biophysical constraints determined by processes both under human control (in the technosphere) and beyond human control (in the biosphere). The approach is illustrated with a local case study of desalination in the Canary Islands, Spain. The material presented has been generated in the context of the project "Moving towards adaptive governance in complexity: Informing nexus security" (MAGIC) for use in participatory processes of co-production of knowledge claims about desalination, a prerequisite for informed policy deliberation

Genetic relationships within and among Iberian fescues (Festuca L.) based on PCR-amplified markers

The genus Festuca comprises approximately 450 species and is widely distributed around the world. The Iberian Penninsula, with more than 100 taxa colonizing very diverse habitats, is one of its main centers of diversification. This study was conducted to assess molecular genetic variation and genetic relatedness among 91 populations of 31 taxa of Iberian fescues, based on several molecular markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA, amplified fragment length polymorphisms, and trnL sequences). The analyses showed the paraphyletic origin of the broad-leaved (subgenus Festuca, sections Scariosae and Subbulbosae, and subgenus Schedonorus) and the fine-leaved fescues (subgenus Festuca, sections Aulaxyper, Eskia, and Festuca). Schedonorus showed a weak relationship with Lolium rigidum and appeared to be the most recent of the broad-leaved clade. Section Eskia was the most ancient and Festuca the most recent of the fine-leaved clade. Festuca and Aulaxyper were the most related sections, in concordance with their taxonomic affinities. All taxa grouped into their sections, except F. ampla and F. capillifolia (section Festuca), which appeared to be more closely related to Aulaxyper and to a new independent section, respectively. Most populations clustered at the species level, but some subspecies and varieties mixed their populations. This study demonstrated the value in combining different molecular markers to uncover hidden genetic relationships between populations of Festuca