Experimental evaluation of cohesive laws components of mixed-mode I + II fracture characterization of cortical bone

Mixed-mode I + II fracture characterization of cortical bone tissue is addressed in this work. The mixed-mode bending test was used to impose different mode ratios. An equivalent crack length data reduction method was considered to obtain the strain energy release rate components. Crack opening and shear displacements were measured by means of digital image correlation. These quantities were then integrated to propose a direct evaluation of cohesive laws. The components of the cohesive laws for each mixed-mode loading were obtained by the uncoupled and Hogberg ¨ ’s methods. The later provided consistent evolution of strain energy release rate and peak stresses components in function of mode-ratio, revealing its appropriateness regarding the fracture characterization of cortical bone under mixed-mode I + II loading.The first and second author acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project UIDB/04033/2020. The third and fifth authors acknowledge the ‘Laboratorio' Associado de Energia, Transportes e Aeronautica’ (LAETA) for the financial support by the project UID/EMS/50022/2019 and the financing of FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) and UIDB/00667/2020 (UNIDEMI). The fourth author acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project PTDC/EME-SIS/28225/2017

Interferência de medicamentos em exames laboratoriais.

Laboratory tests are important for the prevention and diagnosis of disease, aid in the treatmen t of diseases, monitoring of patients to verify the efficacy of the applied treatment and determine epidemiological data. The interference of drugs in tests performed in clinical and toxicological analysis is of paramount importance in routine laboratory t ests to interfere in and modify the clinical laboratory diagnosis, which leads to a negative false or positive f alse result, pseudo - increase or pseudo - decrease . The misdiagnosis can lead to serious health risks to patients, new clinical trials, that resul t in additional costs being so necessary. The probability of interference occurring increases as the patient uses more than one drug, which should always be checked by health professionals before the examinations. Note that the study of these important cha nges in laboratory reports by health professionals, primarily by analysts responsible for clinical laboratories.Os exames laboratoriais são importantes para prevenção e diagnóstico de doenças, auxílio no tratamento de patologias, acompanhamento de pacientes para verificar a eficácia do tratamento aplicado e determinar dados epidemiológicos. A interferência de medicamentos em exames realizados nas análises clínicas e toxicológicas é de suma importância n a rotina dos laboratórios por interferir nos ensaios e modificar o d iagnóstico clínico laboratorial, o que leva a um resultado falso positivo ou falso negativo, pseudo - aumento ou pseudo - diminuição. Os diagnósticos equivocados, podem gerar graves riscos à s aúde do paciente, sendo assim necessário novos exames clínicos, que resultam em custos adicionais. A probabilidade de ocorrer interferência aumenta à medida que o paciente utiliza mais de um medicamento, o que deve ser sempre verificado pelos profissionais de saúde antes da realização dos exames. Nota - se que importante o estudo destas alterações nos laudos laboratoriais por parte dos profissionais de saúde, principalmente pelos analistas responsáveis por laboratórios de análises clínica

Influence of physical exercise practice against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection: narrative review

As a protective measure against the Covid-19 virus, the world health organization strongly recommended social isolation. Because of a lower offer of physical exercise, there was an increase in the number of physical inactivity, poor diet, and psychological disorders. In this sense, this literature review aims to address how the practice of physical exercise is important to protect the metabolic and psychological health of the population. During forced isolation, it was possible to observe an increase in sedentary lifestyle and poor diet. As an outcome, possible damage to the population's mental health was also identified. In contrast, it was observed that individuals who practiced physical exercise, managed to mitigate both metabolic and psychological damage. Ahead, it was also possible to observe that this practice significantly contributed to the individuals' immune system, which can collaborate with the organism in the fight against possible contamination. Given this, the objective of this review was to identify possible implications of physical exercise on psychological and immunological aspects in coping with Covid-19. Important physiological effects of exercise were found, such as elevation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which has beneficial effects in controlling depression and cognitive performance; the control of obesity through specific training methodologies can collaborate to control pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase mitochondrial function and immune system. In addition, there are up to 205 symptoms after infection by SARS-CoV2 and physical exercise can be a great ally for recovery. Therefore, it is believed that regular exercise has positive effects before, over, and post-pandemic

Direct evaluation of mixed mode i+ii cohesive laws of wood by coupling mmb test with dic

grant number FCOMP-01-0124-287 FEDER-022692Governing cohesive laws in mixed mode I+II loading of Pinus pinaster Ait. are directly identified by coupling the mixed mode bending test with full-field displacements measured at the crack tip by Digital Image Correlation (DIC). A sequence of mixed mode ratios is studied. The proposed data reduction relies on: (i) the compliance-based beam method for evaluating strain energy release rate; (ii) the local measurement of displacements to compute the crack tip opening displacement; and (iii) an uncoupled approach for the reconstruction of the cohesive laws and its mode I and mode II components. Quantitative parameters are extracted from the set of cohesive laws components in function of the global phase angle. Linear functions were adjusted to reflect the observed trends and the pure modes (I and II) fracture parameters were estimated by extrapolation. Results show that the obtained assessments agree with previous experimental measurements addressing pure modes (I and II) loadings on this wood species, which reveals the appropriateness of the proposed methodology to evaluate the cohesive law under mixed mode loading and its components.publishersversionpublishe

Wood beam repairing with carbon-epoxy composites

Wood damaged beams submitted to bending loads were repaired using carbon-epoxy patches. The effect of patch thickness as well as adhesive filleting were both studied experimentally and numerically. The objective was to verify the influence of these aspects on the strength and failure of the repaired structural components. Cohesive zone modeling considering mixedmode (I+II) loading was carried out to simulate the observed experimental behavior. It was concluded that repair can successful recover the original bearing capacity, although patch thickness and adhesive filleting did not reveal a significant gain on strength

Optimistic total order in wide area networks

Total order multicast greatly simplifies the implementa- tion of fault-tolerant services using the replicated state ma- chine approach. The additional latency of total ordering can be masked by taking advantage of spontaneous order- ing observed in LANs: A tentative delivery allows the ap- plication to proceed in parallel with the ordering protocol. The effectiveness of the technique rests on the optimistic as- sumption that a large share of correctly ordered tentative deliveries offsets the cost of undoing the effect of mistakes. This paper proposes a simple technique which enables the usage of optimistic delivery also in WANs with much larger transmission delays where the optimistic assumption does not normally hold. Our proposal exploits local clocks and the stability of network delays to reduce the mistakes in the ordering of tentative deliveries. An experimental evalu- ation of a modified sequencer-based protocol is presented, illustrating the usefulness of the approach in fault-tolerant database management

Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms Influencing in hematological indices from sickle cell Anemia Patients

The homozygous hemoglobin SS is characterized Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA), altering the original structure of erythrocytes to a sickle shape.  The hemoglobinopathies encompass all genetic diseases of hemoglobin and the SCA is the one that presents the greatest clinical manifestations variability and also the most severe ones, causing chronic hemolysis, vaso-occlusive crises and severe anemia in patients. The present study aimed to investigate the role of rs2069832, rs2069835, rs2069840, rs2069845 and rs2069849 polymorphisms in the Interleukin-6 gene in the hematological values of SCA patients treated at Fundação HEMOAM, Manaus, AM. The inclusion of patients was carried out through outpatient care at HEMOAM. Genomic DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) and molecular analyzes by TaqMan® probes on Applied Biosystems QuantStudio 6 Flex Real-Time PCR System. A total of 277 SCA patients were included in this study, having the female gender having a minimally higher frequency (55.3%). The mean age at diagnosis was approximately three years old, with brown race being the most predominant (77.6%). The rs2069832_AA and rs2069845_AA genotypes showed high values for red blood cell, hemoglobin and hematocrit indices, by having an important role as a protective factor for hemolysis in these patients. While the rs2069835_CC genotype showed decreased values for the same hematimetric indices, demonstrating to be a potential risk factor for increased hemolysis. No significant correlation in hematimetric indices was observed for the rs2069840 and rs2069849 genotypes. There are few studies correlating the genetic variants of the IL-6 gene in SCA in the state of Amazonas, however, it is known that IL-6 is involved in cell proliferation and greater response to inflammatory cytokines, and may modulate the clinical response in these patients, such as chronic hemolysis, vaso-occlusion and infections. Our work demonstrated associations of risk and protective IL-6 genotypes for possible hemolysis in patients with sickle cell anemia. We understand that an investigation with a larger number of patients would be recommended to elucidate the roles of the studied polymorphisms in sickle cell anemia. In addition, elucidating the role of Il-6 in sickle cell anemia may lead to the development of new strategies and therapies to prevent the systemic effects of excessive cytokine production and, consequently, reduce the severity of crises in these patients, providing better prognosis, clinical follow-up and welfare

Semantic reliability on the database state machine

Database replication protocols based on group communication primitives have recently been the subject of a considerable body of research [1, 11, 13, 6, 8, 4]. The reason for this stems from the adequacy of the order and atomicity properties of group communication primitives to implement synchronous replication (i.e., strong consistent) strategies. Unlike database replication schemes based on traditional transactional

Percutaneous endoscopic versus surgical gastrostomy in patients with benign and malignant diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

To compare the complications and mortality related to gastrostomy procedures performed using surgical and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy techniques, this review covered seven studies. Five of these were retrospective and two were randomized prospective studies. In total, 406 patients were involved, 232 of whom had undergone percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and 174 of whom had undergone surgical gastrostomy. The analysis was performed using Review Manager. Risk differences were computed using a fixed-effects model and forest and funnel plots. Data on risk differences and 95% confidence intervals were obtained using the Mantel-Haenszel test. There was no difference in major complications in retrospective (95% CI (-0.11 to 0.10)) or randomized (95% CI (-0.07 to 0.05)) studies. Regarding minor complications, no difference was found in retrospective studies (95% CI (-00.17 to 0.09)), whereas a difference was observed in randomized studies (95% CI (-0.25 to -0.02)). Separate analyses of retrospective and randomized studies revealed no differences between the methods in relation to mortality and major complications. Moreover, low levels of minor complications were observed among endoscopic procedures in randomized studies, with no difference observed compared with retrospective studies

Usos mediáticos y prácticas de producción: estudio de caso con adolescentes de Portugal, España e Italia

This paper presents some of the main results of a study conducted with teens from Portugal, Spain and Italy in the scope of the European project Transmedia Literacy. It analyses the media uses and production practices of teenagers aged 12-19 years. The results show that teenagers use the media very regularly but few have complex production and participation practices aimed at an audience other than their peers.Este artículo presenta algunos de los principales resultados de un estudio realizado con adolescentes de Portugal, España e Italia dentro del proyecto europeo Transmedia Literacy. Analiza los usos de los medios y las prácticas de producción de los adolescentes entre los 12 y 19 años. Los resultados muestran que los adolescentes usan muy a menudo los medios pero pocos tienen prácticas complejas de producción y participación dirigidas a un público diferente al de sus pares.(645238/ H2020)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio