Estudo da dinâmica das células infiltrantes no aloenxerto renal

Dissertação de Doutoramento em Medicina apresentada à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Port

Aspectos da pequena açudagem na gestão de sub-bacias no Ceará

As circunstâncias provocadas pelas secas no semi-árido nordestino assumiram, ao longo dahistória, um caráter inevitável que levou a doção de uma política voltada para a construçãode reservatórios hídricos na tentativa de mitigar os efeitos da estiagem. No entanto, aconstrução de um grande número de reservatórios elaborada de maneira aleatória, semobservar seu enquadramento nas condições na dinâmica hídrica nem em sua capacidadede suporte, aliada a uma ocupação motivada pela oferta de água acabaram por se inserirno contexto de problemática socioambiental. Portanto, a integração do gerenciamentodos recursos hídricos através da instituição das bacias hidrográficas como unidade degestão deve considerar de maneira prioritária a questão da açudagem no que diz respeitoaos recursos hídricos nordestinos, em especial os de pequeno porte que servem demaneira mais direta às comunidades locais e são mais gravemente afetados peladegradação gerada pelas ações antrópicas e o uso inadequado

Impacto da recuperação de área degradada sobre as respostas hidrológicas e sedimentológicas em ambiente semiárido

The objective of this paper is to assess the effects of both fallow and overgrazing on hydrological and sedimentological responses to natural precipitation. The research has been lead in the desertification area of Iraucuba, Brazil, whose soil is a typical Natric Ortic Planosol, A weak. Sixteen months of experiments have been executed in two hillslopes: a preserved (EP – 370 m²) and a degraded (ED – 468 m²). Both hillslopes are very close, having the same climate, soil and topography, differing only on soil use. The precipitation events showed highly irregular space-temporal pattern. The ten-year fallow practice was able to reduce by 2/3 the runoff. The smallest precipitation able to generate runoff was 7.2 mm in ED and 8.6 mm in EP. This shows the increase of initial abstraction in the preserved area due to higher interception losses of both vegetation and litter; as well as higher moisture retention in the top layer of the soil. Contrastingly, the highest precipitation unable to generate runoff was identical in both cases (17.0 mm), once the main parameter responsible for this parameter - soil structure – is still similar despite the ten years of fallow. The recession-curve coefficient has strongly been affected by the fallow technique, reducing from 0.107 min-1 to 0,045 min-1, indicating the recovery of the base-flow potentiality, which enhances the runoff permanence time. The fallow hillslope yielded 83% less sediment than ED, leading to better physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. Therefore, the ten years of fallow were able to measurably enhance both hydrological and sedimentological responses of a degraded semiarid hillslope.Foram estudados os efeitos da prática de pousio e do sobrepastejo sobre as respostas hidrossedimentológicas provocadas por chuvas naturais, em um Planossolo Nátrico Órtico típico, A fraco, em Irauçuba, Ceará. Os dados correspondem a 16 meses de monitoramento em duas encostas: uma em pousio há 10 anos (EP – 370 m²) e outra degradada pelo sobrepastejo há mais de 20 anos (ED – 468 m²). As chuvas demonstraram alta irregularidade espaço-temporal. Concluiu-se que os dez anos de pousio reduziram em 2/3 o escoamento superficial em relação à ED. A menor precipitação capaz de gerar escoamento superficial foi 7,2 mm na ED e de 8,6 mm na EP, demonstrando o incremento da abstração inicial na encosta preservada, por meio da interceptação vegetal, da serrapilheira e da camada superficial do solo. A maior precipitação incapaz de gerar escoamento superficial foi idêntica (17 mm) nas duas encostas, pois o parâmetro dominante neste processo é a estrutura do solo, e os dez anos de pousio não alteraram significativamente sua estrutura. A taxa de recessão da vazão foi fortemente afetada pela prática de pousio, de 0,107 min-1 na ED para 0,045 min-1 na EP. A menor taxa de recessão da vazão favorece maior tempo de permanência da água no corpo hídrico. Os dez anos de pousio reduziram em 83% a perda de solo, induzindo à melhoria das condições físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo. Portanto, os dez anos de pousio melhoraram mensuravelmente as condições hidrológicas e sedimentológicas na encosta semiárida degradada

Effect of aging in the perception of health-related quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients under online-hemodiafiltration

This work aimed to evaluate how aging could influence patients' perception of health quality of life (HRQOL), as well as, the effect of aging on dialysis adequacy and in hematological, iron status, inflammatory and nutritional markers. In this transversal study were enrolled 305 ESRD patients under online-hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) (59.67% males; 64.9 ± 14.3 years old). Data about comorbidities, hematological data, iron status, dialysis adequacy, nutritional and inflammatory markers were collected from patient's records. Moreover, HRQOL score, by using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form (KDQOL-SF), was assessed. Analyzing the results according to quartiles of age, significant differences were found for some parameters evaluated by the KDQOL-SF instrument, namely for work status, physical functioning and role-physical, which decreased with increasing age. We also found a higher proportion of diabetic patients, a decrease in creatinine, iron, albumin serum levels, transferrin saturation and nPCR, with increasing age. Moreover, significant negative correlations were found between age and mean cell hemoglobin concentration, iron, transferrin saturation, albumin, nPCR, work status, physical functioning and role-physical. In conclusion, our results showed that aging is associated with a decreased work status, physical functioning and role-physical, with a decreased dialysis adequacy, iron availability and nutritional status, and with an increased proportion of diabetic patients and of patients using central venous catheter, as the vascular access. The knowledge of these changes associated with aging, which have impact in the quality of life of the patients, could be useful in their management.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effect of the Hopper Angle of a Silo on the Vertical Stress at the Cylinder-to-Hopper Transition

[EN] Silos are used worldwide to store granular and powdered materials. Agricultural, food and feed products are commonly stored in silos. However, many questions remain unanswered about how to estimate the pressures applied by the bulk material, which are needed to design and calculate the structure of the silo. The complexity of the laws that govern the mechanical behavior of the stored material along with the low number of experimental stations in the world hinder progress in this field. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship of the hopper angle, flow pattern and vertical stress at the cylinder-to-hopper transition in slender silos. Therefore, a set of experiments was conducted on a test station to measure the vertical stress produced by maize at the cylinder-to-hopper transition. Five different hopper angles were used. The experiments comprised the filling, the static phase and the discharge. The results obtained show that the hopper angle influences the vertical stress at the cylinder-to-hopper transition. Some bottom configurations (flat bottom and bottom with an angle of 30◦) led to vertical stresses that exceeded the value calculated according to Eurocode 1. It is clear that further experimental studies are still necessary to understand the underlying physical phenomena and the relations between pressures, silo geometry and flow pattern of the stored material

Effects of statins therapy on LDL subfractions and inflammation in end-stage renal disease patients on dialysis

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The protective role of adiponectin for lipoproteins in end-stage renal disease patients: relationship with diabetes and body mass index

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) events are the main causes of death in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis. The number and severity of CVD events remain inappropriate and difficult to explain by considering only the classic CVD risk factors. Our aim was to clarify the changes and the relationship of lipoprotein subfractions with other CVD risk factors, namely, body mass index (BMI) and adipokines, inflammation and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, and the burden of the most prevalent comorbidities, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT). We studied 194 ESRD patients on dialysis and 22 controls; lipid profile, including lipoprotein subpopulations and oxidized LDL (oxLDL), C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, leptin, and paraoxonase 1 activity were evaluated. Compared to controls, patients presented significantly lower levels of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), LDLc, oxLDL, and intermediate and small HDL and higher triglycerides, CRP, adiponectin, large HDL, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and intermediate-density lipoprotein- (IDL) B. Adiponectin levels correlated positively with large HDL and negatively with intermediate and small HDL, oxLDL/LDLc, and BMI; patients with DM (n = 17) and with DM+HT (n = 70), as compared to patients without DM or HT (n = 69) or only with HT (n = 38), presented significantly higher oxLDL, oxLDL/LDLc, and leptin and lower adiponectin. Obese patients (n = 45), as compared to normoponderal patients (n = 81), showed lower HDLc, adiponectin, and large HDL and significantly higher leptin, VLDL, and intermediate and small HDL. In ESRD, the higher adiponectin seems to favor atheroprotective HDL modifications and protect LDL particles from oxidative atherogenic changes. However, in diabetic and obese patients, adiponectin presents the lowest values, oxLDL/LDLc present the highest ones, and the HDL profile is the more atherogenic. Our data suggest that the coexistence of DM and adiposity in ESRD patients on dialysis contributes to a higher CVD risk, as showed by their lipid and adipokine profiles.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ser ou se fazer tutor(a): a gestão dentro do Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET/UERN/UFERSA)

This article analyzes the management of tutors within the Tutorial Education Programs (PET), at the State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN) and at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), as something ready/ finished or procedural. The methodology is quantitative-qualitative, exploratory, making use of literature review, document and interviews with tutors. For theoretical foundation, we used Tosta et al. (2003); Müller (2003); Freire (1996); Brasil (2006), among others. The research led us to realize that the PET tutor is built in an empathetic way, contemplating not only the academic and technical aspects, but the humanist side, not in an invasive way in personal issues, but due to the closer relationships built within the program, there is a sensitivity in caring and caring for the other. In these experiences, there are moments when knowledge, knowledge and experiences of teaching learning, development of formative and fraternal bonds are shared.O presente artigo analisa a gestão dos tutores(as) dentro dos Programas de Educação Tutorial (PET), na Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN) e na Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), como algo pronto/acabado ou processual. A metodologia é de cunho quanti-qualitativo, exploratório, fazendo uso da revisão bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas com tutores(as). Para fundamentação teórica, utilizamos Tosta et al. (2003); Müller (2003); Freire (1996); Brasil (2006), dentre outros. A pesquisa nos direcionou a perceber que o tutor PET se constrói de forma empática contemplando não apenas os aspectos acadêmicos, técnicos, mas o lado humanista, não de forma invasiva nas questões pessoais, mas devido ao estreitamento das relações construídas dentro do programa, existe uma sensibilidade no cuidar e de se importar com o outro. Nessas vivências, há momentos que são partilhados saberes, conhecimentos e experiências de ensino aprendizagem, desenvolvimento de laços formativos e fraternos

Entanglement of two-mode Gaussian states: characterization and experimental production and manipulation

A powerful theoretical structure has emerged in recent years on the characterization and quantification of entanglement in continuous-variable systems. After reviewing this framework, we will illustrate it with an original set-up based on a type-II OPO with adjustable mode coupling. Experimental results allow a direct verification of many theoretical predictions and provide a sharp insight into the general properties of two-mode Gaussian states and entanglement resource manipulation