39 research outputs found
Knowledge, Promotional Events, and the Contribution of Clustering to Innovation
This is an author's accepted manuscript of an article published in:
“Journal of Promotion Management"; Volume 21, Issue 4, 2015; copyright Taylor & Francis; available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2015.1051407This research provides insight on the mechanisms through which knowledge acquired through promotional events and through spatial co-location simultaneously sustains firm s innovation. Applying
the concept of temporary clusters to promotional events, we simultaneously test how internal resources mediating effect and promotional events moderating role affect innovation in clusters.
Regression analyses with nonparametric bootstrapping and a large sample of Spanish clusters confirm the synergies derived from the combination of internal resources, local relationships, and complementary foreign events. Although extra-cluster linkages increase this effect, synergies creation requires attendance to international exhibitions or conventions. Valuable implications for practitioners
and policy makers are discussed.Belso MartÃnez, JA.; Mas Verdú, F.; Roig Tierno, H. (2015). Knowledge, Promotional Events, and the Contribution of Clustering to Innovation. Journal of Promotion Management. 21(4):504-515. doi:10.1080/10496491.2015.1051407S504515214Asheim, B. T., & Isaksen, A. (2002). The Journal of Technology Transfer, 27(1), 77-86. doi:10.1023/a:1013100704794Autant-Bernard, C., Billand, P., Frachisse, D., & Massard, N. (2007). Social distance versus spatial distance in R&D cooperation: Empirical evidence from European collaboration choices in micro and nanotechnologies. Papers in Regional Science, 86(3), 495-519. doi:10.1111/j.1435-5957.2007.00132.xBathelt, H., Malmberg, A., & Maskell, P. (2004). Clusters and knowledge: local buzz, global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation. Progress in Human Geography, 28(1), 31-56. doi:10.1191/0309132504ph469oaBathelt, H., & Schuldt, N. (2008). Between Luminaires and Meat Grinders: International Trade Fairs as Temporary Clusters. Regional Studies, 42(6), 853-868. doi:10.1080/00343400701543298Boschma, R. (2005). Proximity and Innovation: A Critical Assessment. Regional Studies, 39(1), 61-74. doi:10.1080/0034340052000320887Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128. doi:10.2307/2393553Geigenmüller, A. (2010). The role of virtual trade fairs in relationship value creation. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 25(4), 284-292. doi:10.1108/08858621011038243Giner, J. M., & MarÃa, M. J. S. (2002). ‘Territorial systems of small firms in Spain: an analysis of productive and organizational characteristics in industrial districts’. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 14(3), 211-228. doi:10.1080/08985620210136009Giuliani, E., & Bell, M. (2005). The micro-determinants of meso-level learning and innovation: evidence from a Chilean wine cluster. Research Policy, 34(1), 47-68. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2004.10.008Hervas-Oliver, J.-L., & Albors-Garrigos, J. (2008). The role of the firm’s internal and relational capabilities in clusters: when distance and embeddedness are not enough to explain innovation. Journal of Economic Geography, 9(2), 263-283. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbn033Lagendijk, A., & Lorentzen, A. (2007). Proximity, Knowledge and Innovation in Peripheral Regions. On the Intersection between Geographical and Organizational Proximity. European Planning Studies, 15(4), 457-466. doi:10.1080/09654310601133260Ling-yee, L. (2006). Relationship learning at trade shows: Its antecedents and consequences. Industrial Marketing Management, 35(2), 166-177. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2005.03.006Lorentzen, A. (2007). The Geography of Knowledge Sourcing—A Case Study of Polish Manufacturing Enterprises. European Planning Studies, 15(4), 467-486. doi:10.1080/09654310601133252Markusen, A. (1996). Sticky Places in Slippery Space: A Typology of Industrial Districts. Economic Geography, 72(3), 293. doi:10.2307/144402McCann, B. T., & Folta, T. B. (2011). Performance differentials within geographic clusters. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(1), 104-123. doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.04.004Palumbo, F., & Herbig, P. A. (2002). Trade Shows and Fairs. Journal of Promotion Management, 8(1), 93-108. doi:10.1300/j057v08n01_09Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Addressing Moderated Mediation Hypotheses: Theory, Methods, and Prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), 185-227. doi:10.1080/00273170701341316RamÃrez-Pasillas, M. (2008). Resituating Proximity and Knowledge Cross-fertilization in Clusters by Means of International Trade Fairs. European Planning Studies, 16(5), 643-663. doi:10.1080/09654310802049158RamÃrez-Pasillas, M. (2010). International trade fairs as amplifiers of permanent and temporary proximities in clusters. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 22(2), 155-187. doi:10.1080/08985620902815106Rinallo, D., & Golfetto, F. (2011). Exploring the Knowledge Strategies of Temporary Cluster Organizers: A Longitudinal Study of the EU Fabric Industry Trade Shows (1986-2006). Economic Geography, 87(4), 453-476. doi:10.1111/j.1944-8287.2011.01127.xRychen, F., & Zimmermann, J.-B. (2008). Clusters in the Global Knowledge-based Economy: Knowledge Gatekeepers and Temporary Proximity. Regional Studies, 42(6), 767-776. doi:10.1080/00343400802088300Tafesse, W., & Korneliussen, T. (2012). Managing Trade Show Campaigns: Why Managerial Responsibilities Matter? Journal of Promotion Management, 18(2), 236-253. doi:10.1080/10496491.2012.668434Tanner, J. F., & Chonko, L. B. (2002). Using Trade Shows Throughout the Product Life Cycle. Journal of Promotion Management, 8(1), 109-125. doi:10.1300/j057v08n01_10Torre, A. (2008). On the Role Played by Temporary Geographical Proximity in Knowledge Transmission. Regional Studies, 42(6), 869-889. doi:10.1080/00343400801922814Wolfe, D. A., & Gertler, M. S. (2004). Clusters from the Inside and Out: Local Dynamics and Global Linkages. Urban Studies, 41(5-6), 1071-1093. doi:10.1080/00420980410001675832Wood, E. H. (2009). Evaluating Event Marketing: Experience or Outcome? Journal of Promotion Management, 15(1-2), 247-268. doi:10.1080/1049649090289258
Incentives to exclusive and non-exclusive technology licensing under partial vertical integration
In this paper, we compare the scenarios of exclusive licenses and cross-licenses under the existence of partial vertical integration. To do this, a successive duopoly model is proposed, with two technology owners and two firms competing in a differentiated product market. Each technology owner has a share in one of the competing firms, so that competition is also extended to the upstream R&D sector. Thus, this model represents a mixed case to what is normally analyzed in the literature. We explore the implications of the size of innovation and the degree of vertical integration in technology diffusion. In equilibrium, patent holders’ decisions might not be aligned.The authors acknowledge financial support from the Chair GVA-UMH for the Transformation of the Economic Model
Knowledge network dynamics in clusters: past performance and absorptive capacity
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore the degree to which absorptive capacity and previous innovative performance affect network dynamics, specifically in the creation or destruction of inter-business relationships.
Design/methodology/approach - The empirical study has drawn on the data collected in an industrial cluster located in the Valencian Community in Spain. This population of firms allowed us to test various roles played by network endogenous forces, absorptive capacity and former performance in the creation and dissolution of inter-organisational linkages. The authors followed an evolutionary approach and applied network analysis techniques.
Findings - Empirical evidences suggest that absorptive capacity and previous innovative performance are predictors of inter-business relationships. Absorptive capacity affects the emergence of linkages in the technological network, due to the tacit nature of technological knowledge. On the other hand, previous innovative performance is an indicator to identify leaders companies. These companies tend to increase the reception of request for advice from local firms. Moreover, prestigious companies tend to be more selective in choosing collaborators.
Practical implications - This study helps researchers and managers better understand network dynamics. The generation of inter-organisational relationships in clusters can be determined by cognitive proximity and prestigious status in the network. These evidences are relevant in a mature cluster where knowledge is asymmetrically distributed.
Originality/value - Over the last few decades, studies on industrial clusters have evolved from the "canonical" standpoint. Nowadays, researchers usually take a more sophisticated and richer view of this reality, mainly as a consequence of the inclusion the proximity concept, intra-cluster heterogeneity and advanced analysis of overlapping between networks and territory. Thus, the authors try to add some empirical evidence along these lines.Financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (ECO2015-67122-R) and the Generalitat Valenciana (GV/2015/079) is gratefully acknowledged.Belso MartÃnez, JA.; Expósito Langa, M.; Tomas Miquel, JV. (2016). Knowledge network dynamics in clusters: past performance and absorptive capacity. Baltic Journal of Management. 11(3):310-327. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-02-2015-0044S31032711
El efecto de las redes organizativas sobre los festivales en pequeñas ciudades
Los festivales son un tipo de evento que ofrece verdaderas oportunidades para la activación urbana en ciudades de pequeño o mediano tamaño. Sin embargo, estas ciudades explotan de manera muy diversa este tipo de oportunidades. Las redes involucradas en estos eventos culturales determinan en cierta medida sus beneficios potenciales y también sus restricciones. Hemos analizado tres festivales que se llevan a cabo en destinos turÃsticos españoles de pequeño tamaño. Nuestros resultados confirman la existencia de diferentes mecanismos de gobernabilidad de las redes involucradas en los festivales. Las implicaciones de este trabajo pueden ser útiles, tanto para el diseño de polÃticas como para la organización individual de los eventos.Events such as festivals offer considerable opportunities for urban activation in medium or small cities. However, cities significantly vary in the degree they exploit these opportunities. This paper analyzes this relevant question adopting a network perspective. We argue that networks of people and organizations involved in a cultural event determine to some extent its potential benefits and restraints. We have illustrated our argumentation though three festivals held in minor urban touristic destinations in Spain. Findings confirm the existence of different modes of network governance in festivals. Implications may be useful for both policy makers and individual organizations
Multinational enterprise subsidiaries in local clusters: embeddedness or isolation?
[EN] Despite the spread of globalisation, industrial clusters remain vibrant
spaces for the generation of knowledge and innovation. This has attracted
Multi-National Enterprises (MNE) to collocate their subsidiaries in specific
geographic spaces and clusters in order to exploit the local resources in the
territory. This paper investigates the case of the Valencian Toy Valley Cluster
in Spain to demonstrate how MNE subsidiaries are integrated in clusters. The
results confirm that MNE subsidiaries develop their networking practices
within a limit portfolio of local partners, configuring a club of skilled partners,
and integrated mainly by specialised suppliers. This research addresses the
research questions using two methods of investigation from international
management: social network analysis and non-parametric tests.Tomás-Miquel, J.; Expósito-Langa, M.; Belso-MartÃnez, J.; Mas Verdú, F. (2018). Multinational enterprise subsidiaries in local clusters: embeddedness or isolation?. European Journal of International Management. EJIM (Online). 12(5/6):624-641. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2018.094456S624641125/
Plan Sectorial del Automóvil, Plan Estratégico de la Industria Valenciana
El Cluster del Automóvil, que cuenta con las empresas de mayor tamaño promedio en el conjunto de la industria valenciana es, en general, un sector lÃder en tracción y transferencia, tecnologÃa, exportaciones e innovación, contabilizando uno de los mayores VAB de la industria, contando con el mayor número de titulados entre su plantilla y pagando los mejores sueldos a sus ocupados, si bien por detrás de la QuÃmica.
Con los datos proporcionados por la Seguridad Social para el 2016 se contabilizan 16.641 ocupados sólo para el CNAE 29 (sin contar autónomos), recogiendo un crecimiento continuo y constante a lo largo de los últimos años, incluso durante la crisis. No obstante, si al CNAE 29 VehÃculos añadimos otros CNAE (y empresas) que están directamente involucrados en el automóvil (Productos Metálicos, Plástico, Packaging, Maquinaria, LogÃstica, etc.), el sector llegarÃa a contabilizar cerca de 23.000 ocupaciones y un 15% aprox. del PIB Industrial de la C. Valenciana (ver más en Informe 2 del Diagnóstico, Automóvil). No obstante, y en lÃnea con lo anterior, con los datos de AVIA (Plan Estratégico, 2107-2020), se apuntan alrededor de 25.000 ocupaciones directas y unas 100 empresas. Dicha ocupación industrial se distribuye por todo el territorio valenciano, pero con especial énfasis en Paterna, Almussafes y poblaciones limÃtrofes.Hervás Oliver, JL.; Estelles Miguel, S.; Boronat Moll, C.; Sempere Ripoll, MF. (2017). Plan Sectorial del Automóvil, Plan Estratégico de la Industria Valenciana. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/10768
Plan Sectorial del Calzado, Plan Estratégico de la Industria Valenciana
El Sector calzado se conforma y caracteriza por el CNAE 15 Cuero y Calzado, complementándose también con la industria de fabricantes de componentes perteneciente a una multitud de industrias (entre ellas, piel y cuero, plástico, quÃmica, textil, envases y embalajes, etc.). En la actualidad, se encuentra en un proceso de afianzamiento de la recuperación, mostrando durante el perÃodo 2014-2016 excelentes cifras de ocupación, producción y productividad, entre otras. En dicho conglomerado de sectores se estiman alrededor de más de 33.000 puestos de trabajo (incluyendo tanto a los fabricantes de calzado como a los fabricantes de componentes) y más de 3.000 empresas, la gran mayorÃa concentradas en las comarcas del Vinalopó (Elche, Elda, Petrer, Villena, etc.)1. Según datos de la Seguridad Social, durante el perÃodo 2014-2016 se ha aumentado un 7,06% la ocupación, pasando de 21.206 ocupados en 2014 a 22.704 en 2016. Destaca también el aumento del presente año, contabilizándose en 2017 el tejido industrial del sector fabricantes de calzado 2.579 empresas (DIRCE, INE, CNAE 15), en claro aumento desde las 22.704 de 2016.Hervás Oliver, JL.; Belso MartÃnez, JA.; Boronat Moll, C.; Sempere Ripoll, MF.; Estelles Miguel, S. (2017). Plan Sectorial del Calzado, Plan Estratégico de la Industria Valenciana. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/10768
Plan Sectorial de la Alimentación. Plan Estratégico de la Industria Valenciana
El Sector de la Alimentación, otro gran sector tractor de la C. Valenciana, junto con el automóvil (del plástico, quÃmica o envases, entre otros) y directamente relacionado con la serviindustria (de la mano de Mercadona o Consum, entre otros), cuenta con 1.881 empresas en alimentación y 288 en bebidas, (Dirce, 2016; 2169 empresas en total) asà como con algo más de 30.000 ocupados, constituyéndose en el sector lÃder en la C. Valenciana1, tanto en contribución al VAB como en número directo de ocupados; asimismo, aporta a la C. Valenciana más de 9.000 millones de Euros de facturación. En él coexisten grandes multinacionales en convivencia con empresas puramente locales.Hervás Oliver, JL.; Asencio MartÃnez, A.; Boronat Moll, C.; Sempere Ripoll, MF.; Estelles Miguel, S.; Belso MartÃnez, JA.; Miguel Molina, MBD. (2017). Plan Sectorial de la Alimentación. Plan Estratégico de la Industria Valenciana. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/10768
Barriers to women entrepreneurship. Different methods, different results?
Building on research by Akehurst et al. (Serv Ind J 32:2489-2505, 2012), this study analysed internal and external factors in women entrepreneurship and linked these factors to the barriers that women face when starting businesses. To do so, two contrasting statistical techniques were used: PLS and QCA. After analysing results from each of these techniques, we observed that family duties and difficulties in obtaining financing (both internal and external) were the main factors related to barriers faced by women entrepreneurs