Literacy Education and Interprofessional Collaboration

The aim of this article is to explore inter-professional collaboration in literacy education. It examines factors that facilitate collaboration between teachers and librarians and the contributions to literacy education. The study was designed as a research and development project in multicultural schools in Norway (2007-2011). Its theoretical framework was cultural-historical theory of activity theory, and the theory of expansive learning. The methods were formative intervention, interviews, participant observation, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of student literacy. In the study, interprofessional collaboration made significant contributions to professional development and literacy education. Interprofessional collaboration was developed as a collective learning process. It was facilitated by research interventions, development of a shared object of activity and work with new theoretical concepts and cultural artefacts. The findings indicate that inter-professional collaboration can make important contributions to realization of the mandate of the teaching and library profession

Can library use enhance intercultural education?

This article explores the questions to what extent educational research addresses library use in education and how the library can contribute to intercultural education. The focus is primarily on elementary education in Europe. Analysis of research publications was based on searches for peer-reviewed journals in international databases, literary reviews and empirical studies. The findings indicate that research on library use and library resources is under-researched in educational research, including intercultural educational research. Research publications on educational use of library resources are found primarily within 'Library and information science'. The review and empirical studies indicate that education based on the use of library resources can help realise important aims of intercultural education including provision of non-segregated education, development of reading engagement and literacy achievement among first and second language learners that exceeds that within traditional literacy programmes, multilingual development, integration of information literacy in content learning, empowerment of students as competent library users, and intercultural education based on diverse content learning within arts, social sciences and natural sciences. However, teachers and principals need to collaborate with librarians to realise these aims. Further educational studies are needed to explore the potential of library use to enhance intercultural education in the twenty-first century

Andrespråkseleven, leseprøver og litteraturbasert leseopplæring

Hva måler den nasjonale leseprøven når den gjennomføres av elever med norsk som andrespråk? I denne artikkelen analyserer vi data som viser at totalskåren på nasjonal leseprøve korrelerer med høy morfologisk bevissthet og forståelse av «opake» uttrykk som polysemer, idiomer og metaforiske uttrykk. I lys av internasjonal forskning tolker vi sammenhengene som kausale: Forståelse av morfologi og opake uttrykk på lesespråket er en forutsetning for høy leseskåre. Den nasjonale leseprøven er utformet med førstespråkselever som målgruppe. Den er ment å måle leseforståelse definert som evne til å finne, tolke og reflektere over informasjon i tekster. Når andrespråkselevene – ofte med lav morfologisk bevissthet og forståelse av opake uttrykk på norsk – gjennomfører prøven, oppstår et validitetsproblem. Dermed blir det avgjørende hvordan andrespråkselevenes prøveresultater tolkes og følges opp. Vi argumenterer for en lit - teraturbasert leseopplæring, der elevene leser skjønnlitteratur og faglitteratur som de mestrer å lese og er interessert i. Litteraturbasert leseopplæring bidrar til å utvikle andrespråkelevens morfologiske bevissthet og kjennskap til opake uttrykk, samtidig som lesingen motiverer til videre lesin

Survival benefits in mimicry: a quantitative framework

Mimicry is a resemblance between species that benefits at least one of the species. It is a ubiquitous evolutionary phenomenon particularly common among prey species, in which case the advantage involves better protection from predation. We formulate a mathematical description of mimicry among prey species, to investigate benefits and disadvantages of mimicry. The basic setup involves differential equations for quantities representing predator behavior, namely, the probabilities for attacking prey at the next encounter. Using this framework, we present new quantitative results, and also provide a unified description of a significant fraction of the quantitative mimicry literature. The new results include `temporary' mutualism between prey species, and an optimal density at which the survival benefit is greatest for the mimic. The formalism leads naturally to extensions in several directions, such as the evolution of mimicry, the interplay of mimicry with population dynamics, etc. We demonstrate this extensibility by presenting some explorations on spatiotemporal pattern dynamics.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure

Signatures of selection in loci governing major colour patterns in Heliconius butterflies and related species.

BACKGROUND: Protein-coding change is one possible genetic mechanism underlying the evolution of adaptive wing colour pattern variation in Heliconius butterflies. Here we determine whether 38 putative genes within two major Heliconius patterning loci, HmYb and HmB, show evidence of positive selection. Ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide changes (ω) were used to test for selection, as a means of identifying candidate genes within each locus that control wing pattern. RESULTS: Preliminary analyses using 454 transcriptome and Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) sequences from three Heliconius species highlighted a cluster of genes within each region showing relatively higher rates of sequence evolution. Other genes within the region appear to be highly constrained, and no ω estimates exceeded one. Three genes from each locus with the highest average pairwise ω values were amplified from additional Heliconius species and races. Two selected genes, fizzy-like (HmYb) and DALR (HmB), were too divergent for amplification across species and were excluded from further analysis. Amongst the remaining genes, HM00021 and Kinesin possessed the highest background ω values within the HmYb and HmB loci, respectively. After accounting for recombination, these two genes both showed evidence of having codons with a signature of selection, although statistical support for this signal was not strong in any case. CONCLUSIONS: Tests of selection reveal a cluster of candidate genes in each locus, suggesting that weak directional selection may be occurring within a small region of each locus, but coding changes alone are unlikely to explain the full range of wing pattern diversity. These analyses pinpoint many of the same genes believed to be involved in the control of colour patterning in Heliconius that have been identified through other studies implementing different research methods.RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are

A transpiração do quotidiano ou os poros do real mediático

We had a habit of grasping the television as a window to the world or to life, whose telegenic framework was in line with our expectations before the conditions of our existence. We were told what to see, in a given view, and the visible world was coming down to-one scenic focus. But now there's no walls, no loopholes that keep such openings in the hyper-globalized world, whose state of over-information makes tangible its numerous breaks. Jean Baudrillard understood this new communication fact in terms of immanent promiscuity and perpetual connection. The prospects that we have today reveal an oversized world, giver of all our fantasies. Airflow caused by the decomposition of the conventional media frames thereby introducing a new communicative practice, irretrievable: the defenestration; the appeal to empty, or more precisely the fascination with what Georges Bataille understood in terms of lost intimacy and original continuity: stick to the world in a vital engagement, like mud sticks to mud

Tremblements sociaux et imaginaires. De la peau digitale aux fissures numériques

This study questions our capacity to exceed and/or bury our condition of ‘been thrown there’, and/or to find duplicate zones of navigability (i.e. adaptable) to express our general malaise, in the in-between of the wounds and the pleasures supporting our existence. On a methodological level, ‘we’, in the Simmelian sense, is used as an inclusive term. It is a line of intellectual action which does not claim to be approved. It simply says the "I" in a search for continuity with what is not him, or the purulent saturation of the knowing subject in the discovery of the object that echoes its interpellations and feeds it.  L’étude présentée ici sous forme d’essai interroge notre capacité à dépasser et/ou enfouir notre condition de “jeté-là”, et/ou à trouver des zones de navigabilité duplices, c’est-à-dire adaptables, pour exprimer le malaise générique qui nous fait, dans l’entre-deux des blessures et des plaisirs mettant en soutien notre existence. Sur un plan méthodologique, l’emploi du “nous” se veut inclusif, modal au sens simmelien. Il est une ligne d’action intellectuelle qui ne réclame en rien l’approbation. Il dit simplement le “je” dans une recherche de continuité avec ce qui n’est pas lui, ou bien la saturation purulente du sujet connaissant dans la découverte de l’objet qui fait écho à ses interpellations et l’alimente