Mexico: pandemic outcomes

Women in the small scale fishing sector in Mexico are key drivers ensuring food security and community wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have surpassed all imaginable scenarios. The global crisis moves fast and changes quickly, hence forcing people to adapt and navigate through uncertainty as never before. Every generation faces impacts that shake their minds and force them to leave their comfort zone. This is an impact for a lifetime, for current and new generations. Other shocks have posed risks to fisheries before; some of them being global (climate change), regional (overfishing) or even local (illegal fishing, poverty, poor fishing management tools, lack of enforcement), to name only a few. However, the impact of the current pandemic greatly eclipses these in terms of scale and outcome

Negative pressures in CaWO4 nanocrystals

Tetragonal scheelite-type CaWO4 nanocrystals recently prepared by a hydrothermal method show an enhancement of its structural symmetry with the decrease in nanocrystal size. The analysis of the volume dependence of the structural parameters in CaWO4 nanocrystals with the help of ab initio total-energy calculations shows that the enhancement of the symmetry in the scheelite-type nanocrystals is a consequence of the negative pressure exerted on the nanocrystals; i.e., the nanocrystals are under tension. Besides, the behavior of the structural parameters in CaWO4 nanocrystals for sizes below 10 nm suggests an onset of a scheelite-to-zircon phase transformation in good agreement with the predictions from our ab initio calculations. CaWO4 nanocrystals exhibit a reconstructive-type mechanism for the scheelite-to-zircon phase transition that seems to follow the tetragonal path that links both structures. This result is in contrast with the mechanism recently proposed for this transition in bulk ZrSiO4 where the transition goes through an intermediate monoclinic [email protected]

Use of three-dimensional versus mini fixation plates in open reduction of mandible fractures in patients of a Mexican hospital between 2017-2023

Background: Mandibular fractures are the second most frequent facial fracture, after nose fractures. There are multiple treatments, with reduction and fixation with osteosynthesis plates being the gold standard. Our surgical center uses two types of osteosynthesis plates, 3D, and linear plates. We designed a study to assess whether the use of a 3D plate results in an improvement in terms of surgical time, bleeding volume and post-surgical complications. Methods: We measured bleeding and surgical time from the incision to its closure. Evaluation of the results by computerized axial tomography was obtained at 3 months post-surgery, as well as clinical evaluation of occlusion and other complications. Results: Sixty-three patients met the inclusion criteria. Overall, a 7.9% rate of complications was observed; 5.7% for patients treated with 3D osteosynthesis plates and 10.7% for those treated with linear plates. Surgical time in single fractures between Linear System versus 3D System was similar (p=0.7322) as was surgical time (p=0.4574). The amount of bleeding in single fractures between Linear vs. 3D System was also similar (p=0.285), as was that of double fractures (p=0.6642). Conclusions: These data suggest that the procedure employed, and the material used is at the discretion of the surgeon

Panorama colombiano del cáncer de mama, cérvix y próstata

Introduction: Cancer incidence is 57% in underdeveloped countries, with breast, cervix, and prostate cancers leading the main causes of death in countries such as Colombia where cases are increasing despite efforts to mitigate this problem. Objective: To recognize the behavior of breast, cervix, and prostate cancer in the last decade according to sociodemographic factors in Colombia. Methods: An advanced search was performed in Embase (Elsevier) obtaining 36 documents, in addition to consulting data from national and international organizations. Results: The growth curve is related to socioeconomic factors, lifestyles, educational level, and healthcare conditions Conclusions: Health institutions and epidemiological surveillance must improve the processes of detection, timely treatment, and follow-up of patients with suspected and confirmed cancer, as well as reinforce disease prevention and promotion strategies.Introducción: La incidencia del cáncer es del 57% en países subdesarrollados, de estos, el cáncer de mama, cérvix y próstata lideran las principales causas de muertes en países como Colombia donde los casos van en aumento a pesar de los esfuerzos por mitigar esta problemática. Objetivo: Reconocer el comportamiento del cáncer de mama, cérvix y próstata en la última década de acuerdo a factores sociodemográficos en Colombia. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda avanzada en Embase (Elsevier) obteniendo 36 documentos, además de consultar los datos de organismos nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: La curva de crecimiento se relaciona con factores socioeconómicos, estilos de vida, nivel educativo y las condiciones del servicio de salud. Conclusiones: Las instituciones de salud y vigilancia epidemiológica deben mejorar los procesos de detección, tratamiento oportuno y seguimiento de los pacientes con sospecha y confirmados, así mismo, reforzar las estrategias de promoción y prevención de la enfermedad

TRADICIÓN ORAL Y TRANSMISIÓN DE SABERES ANCESTRALES DESDE LAS INFANCIAS

En la actualidad, existe un interés sobre la preservación de las culturas orales teniendo en cuenta la multiciplidad de culturas ágrafas (Monsonyi, s.f). Es por ello, que la presente investigación, se centra en la importancia de la oralidad como transmisora de cultura en los primeros años. Para ello valerse de las practicas pedagógicas y orientación educativa, desde perspectivas de inclusión, participación, diversidad y multiculturalidad resulta una herramienta fundamental. En consecuencia, el realce, conservación y participación en usos y costumbres de la tradición oral de la primera infancia, apoyados en factores de liderazgo transformador y gestión asociativa (saber para saber) son una alternativa de innovación pedagógica que contribuye a que desde la infancia se instauren procesos cognitivos orientados en la preservación de los saberes culturales. Para lo cual, se inicia desde el reconocimiento de las tradiciones en las regiones para así proponer y desarrollar acciones solidarias encaminadas a la manutención de los saberes populares impactando desde la infancia en las regiones. El enfoque metodológico del presente estudio fue cualitativo orientado en la comprensión de los fenómenos, indagando desde la perspectiva de los participantes en su contexto. Lo anterior en el marco del desarrollo de la Prestación del Servicio Social Unadista-SISSU en articulación con el proyecto de investigación Tradición Oral en las Infancias: Usos y Costumbres.  Los resultados alcanzados permitieron visibilizar la importancia del rescate, promoción y conservación de las diferentes tradiciones orales de nuestra multiculturalidad. 

High dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma not achieving complete response after induction chemotherapy. The GEL-TAMO experience

Background and objectives: patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) who do not obtain a complete response (CR) after induction chemotherapy have a poor prognosis. However, provided they are sensitive to the first regimen of chemotherapy, 25-40% of them with a B-cell phenotype may achieve long-term survival when treated with high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC/ASCT). The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of this therapy in the corresponding patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Design and methods: we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of ASCT in 35 patients with PTCL from the GEL-TAMO registry, who did not achieve a CR to standard induction chemotherapy regimens for aggressive NHL. Thirty-one patients underwent transplantation after achieving a partial response (PR) and 4 patients were non-responders. Results: following HDC/ASCT, 23 (66%) of the patients achieved a CR, 4 (11%) a PR and in 7 (20%) cases the transplant failed. One patient was not evaluated because of early toxic death. With a median follow-up of the survivors of 37.5 months, 18 patients (51%) are alive and 15 patients (43%) are free of disease. Transplant-related mortality rate at 100 days was 11% and at 5 years the probabilities of survival, freedom from progression and disease-free survival for complete responders were 37%, 36% and 55% respectively. Pre-transplant lactate-dehydrogenase level, age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aa-IPI) and tumor score correlated with survival. Interpretation and conclusions: one third of the patients with PTCL who fail to achieve CR to the first chemotherapeutic regimen can be rescued with HDC/ASCT. Pre-transplant values of IPI and tumor score risk systems for aggressive lymphomas were useful to predict subsequent survival

Pulmonary vascular remodeling and prognosis in patients evaluated for heart transplantation: insights from the OCTOPUS-CHF study

[Abstract] Objective: In patients with advanced heart failure, the intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) of subsegmental pulmonary artery measurements is correlated with right heart catheterization parameters. Our aim was to study the prognostic value of pulmonary OCT, right heart catheterization data, and the echocardiographic estimation of pulmonary pressure in patients studied for elective heart transplants. Methods: This research is an observational, prospective, multicenter study involving 90 adults with a one-year follow-up. Results: A total of 10 patients (11.1%) died due to worsening heart failure before heart transplantation, 50 underwent a heart transplant (55.6%), and 9 died in the first year after the transplant. The patients with and without events (mortality or heart failure-induced hospitalization) had similar data regarding echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and pulmonary OCT (with a median estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure of 42.0 mmHg, interquartile range (IQR) of 30.3-50.0 vs. 47.0 mmHg, IQR 34.6-59.5 and p = 0.79, median pulmonary vascular resistance of 2.2 Wood units, IQR 1.3-3.7 vs. 2.0 Wood units, IQR 1.4-3.2 and p = 0.99, and a median pulmonary artery wall thickness of 0.2 ± 0.5 mm vs. 0.2 ± 0.6 mm and p = 0.87). Conclusion: Pulmonary vascular remodeling (evaluated with echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and pulmonary OCT) was not associated with prognosis in a selected sample of adults evaluated for elective heart transplants. Pulmonary OCT is safe and feasible for the evaluation of these patients.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI18/00254European Regional Development Fund; CB16/11/0050

Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling and Prognosis in Patients Evaluated for Heart Transplantation: Insights from the OCTOPUS-CHF Study

Objective: In patients with advanced heart failure, the intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) of subsegmental pulmonary artery measurements is correlated with right heart catheterization parameters. Our aim was to study the prognostic value of pulmonary OCT, right heart catheterization data, and the echocardiographic estimation of pulmonary pressure in patients studied for elective heart transplants. Methods: This research is an observational, prospective, multicenter study involving 90 adults with a one-year follow-up. Results: A total of 10 patients (11.1%) died due to worsening heart failure before heart transplantation, 50 underwent a heart transplant (55.6%), and 9 died in the first year after the transplant. The patients with and without events (mortality or heart failure-induced hospitalization) had similar data regarding echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and pulmonary OCT (with a median estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure of 42.0 mmHg, interquartile range (IQR) of 30.3-50.0 vs. 47.0 mmHg, IQR 34.6-59.5 and p = 0.79, median pulmonary vascular resistance of 2.2 Wood units, IQR 1.3-3.7 vs. 2.0 Wood units, IQR 1.4-3.2 and p = 0.99, and a median pulmonary artery wall thickness of 0.2 +/- 0.5 mm vs. 0.2 +/- 0.6 mm and p = 0.87). Conclusion: Pulmonary vascular remodeling (evaluated with echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and pulmonary OCT) was not associated with prognosis in a selected sample of adults evaluated for elective heart transplants. Pulmonary OCT is safe and feasible for the evaluation of these patients

A MYB/ZML complex regulates wound-induced lignin genes in maize

Lignin is an essential polymer in vascular plants that plays key structural roles in vessels and fibers. Lignification is induced by external inputs such as wounding, but the molecular mechanisms that link this stress to lignification remain largely unknown. In this work, we provide evidence that three maize (Zea mays) lignin repressors, MYB11, MYB31, and MYB42, participate in wound-induced lignification by interacting with ZML2, a protein belonging to the TIFY family. We determined that the three R2R3-MYB factors and ZML2 bind in vivo to AC-rich and GAT(A/C) cis-elements, respectively, present in a set of lignin genes. In particular, we show that MYB11 and ZML2 bind simultaneously to the AC-rich and GAT(A/C) cis-elements present in the promoter of the caffeic acid O-methyl transferase (comt) gene. We show that, like the R2R3-MYB factors, ZML2 also acts as a transcriptional repressor. We found that upon wounding and methyl jasmonate treatments, MYB11 and ZML2 proteins are degraded and comt transcription is induced. Based on these results, we propose a molecular regulatory mechanism involving a MYB/ZML complex in which wound-induced lignification can be achieved by the derepression of a set of lignin genes.Research in D.C.-R.'s laboratory was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education (AGL2011-30545-C02-01), the “Xarxa de Referència de Biotecnologia” (XarBa) from the Autonomous Government of Catalonia, the CONSOLIDER-INGENIO program (CSD2007-00036) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and the SGR programs (SGR2009-GRC703). Research in M.P.'s laboratory was supported by two grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education (BIO2009-13044-C02-01 and BIO2012-31860), the framework of the XarBa, and the SGR programs (SGR2009-GRC626) from the Autonomous Government of Catalonia. Research in R.S.'s laboratory was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Innovation to R.S. (BIO2013-44407). M.P. and R.S. received financial support from the CONSOLIDER-INGENIO program (CSD2007-00057-B) from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Research in the W.S. laboratory is supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology and Academia Sinica. Research in phenylpropanoid gene regulation in the laboratories of E.G. and J.G. was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (IOS-1125620). I.-C.V.-B. was supported by a Spanish FPI Fellowship (BES-2007-17316). J.E.S.-H. was supported by the Department of Innovation, Universities and Enterprise of the Generalitatde Catalunya, the European Social Fund FI Fellowship (AGAUR: FI-2006, Resolució EDU/3600/2006; FI-2008, Resolució IUE/2658/2007 and BE-DGR2010), and CRAG.Peer reviewe