El M.M.P.I. en una muestra de profesores. Estudio diferencial con el promedio español

En este estudio, los perfiles medios de MMPI de una muestra incidental de maestros se comparan con los de la muestra de tipificación española. La muestra de maestros se dividió en dos grupos: 33 mujeres y 1 7 hombres. La muestra nombrada y la tipificación uno se equipará en rango de edad y nivel cultural. Se han encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en algunas de las escalas de prueba: F, X, Pt, Se, Si, Dy, Do, R y Cn (ambos hombres y mujeres), L, Hs y Ma (solo hombres), y Es (solo mujeres). Este perfil se puede caracterizar como fuertemente defensivo. Se han señalado algunas interpretaciones que contrastan la literatura actual sobre la personalidad de los docentes y la situación conflictiva, con especial atención al agotamiento del maestro

RECAMBIO TEMPORAL DE ESPECIES DE LEPIDÓPTEROS NOCTURNOS EN FUNCIÓN DE LA TEMPERATURA Y LA HUMEDAD EN UNA ZONA DE SELVA CADUCIFOLIA EN YUCATÁN, MÉXICO

The aim of this paper is to estimate the temporal of turnover pattern of moths species in relation to two environmental gradients: temperature (° C) and relative humidity(%). Using a light trap method, a community of moths were sampled for a period of 12 months, in the Kaxil Kiuic Biocultural Reserve located in Yucatán, Mexico. It was demonstrated that species turnover exhibits a strong temporal pattern in relation to temperature and relative humidity variation between climatic periods. The warm and dry period (March to July) had the highest dissimilatity in species composition, determined mainly by families: Noctuidae, Geometridae and Crambidae. This study provides information on the temporal pattern of temporal species turnover for families with high species richness of Neotropical moths. The results obtained have implications for conservation of moth biodiversity, since they allow a base line to be established, focused on detecting the effects of climatic variations on species composition.El principal objetivo de este trabajo es cuantificar el recambio temporal de mariposas nocturnas y su relación con dos gradientes ambientales: temperatura (° C) y humedad relativa (%). Utilizando una trampa de luz se realizó un muestreo por un periodo de 12 meses de una comunidad de mariposas nocturnas en la Reserva Biocultural Kaxil Kiuic (RBKK), ubicada enYucatán, México. Se observó que el recambio de especies exhibe un marcado patrón temporal en relación con la variación de la temperatura y humedad relativa entre periodos climáticos. El periodo cálido y seco (marzo a julio) presentó la mayor disimilitud en la composición de especies, determinada principalmente por las familias: Noctuidae, Crambidae y Geometridae. Los resultados obtenidos tienen implicaciones para la conservación de la biodiversidad de mariposas nocturnas, ya que permiten establecer una línea base enfocada a detectar la influencia de las variaciones climáticas sobre la composición de especies

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on alfa-In2Se3 at High Pressure

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Inorganic Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00778[EN] alpha(R)-In2Se3 has been experimentally and theoretically studied under compression at room temperature by means of X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements as well as by ab initio total-energy and lattice-dynamics calculations. Our study has confirmed the alpha (R3m) -> beta' (C2/m) ? beta (R (3) over barm) sequence of pressure-induced phase transitions and has allowed us to understand the mechanism of the monoclinic C2/m to rhombohedral R (3) over barm phase transition. The monoclinic C2/m phase enhances its symmetry gradually until a complete transformation to the rhombohedral R (3) over barm structure is attained above 10-12 GPa. The second-order character of this transition is the reason for the discordance in previous measurements. The comparison of Raman measurements and lattice-dynamics calculations has allowed us to tentatively assign most of the Raman-active modes of the three phases. The comparison of experimental results and simulations has helped to distinguish between the different phases of In2Se3 and resolve current controversies.The authors acknowledge financial support from Spanish government MINECO, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI), and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) under Grants No. MAT2016-75586-C4-1/2/3-P and MAT2015-71070-REDC.Vilaplana Cerda, RI.; Gallego-Parra, S.; Jorge-Montero, A.; Rodríguez-Hernández, P.; Muñoz, A.; Errandonea, D.; Segura, A.... (2018). Experimental and Theoretical Studies on alfa-In2Se3 at High Pressure. Inorganic Chemistry. 57:8241-8252. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00778S824182525

Propuesta de Supply Chain Management y Logística para la Empresa SUMATEC S.A

No aplicaEste trabajo aborda el análisis y evaluación de la gestión de la cadena de suministro de la empresa Sumatec SA, una empresa dedicada a la distribución de suministros y materiales técnicos, así como al desarrollo de la categoría MRO (Mantenimiento, Reparación y Operación). Para ello, se llevó a cabo en primera instancia el análisis de la estructura de la red de la cadena de suministro de la empresa, donde se examinaron los diversos nodos y enlaces que forman parte de su cadena de suministro, con el propósito de comprender su diseño y funcionamiento general. Se revisan los procesos según el enfoque del Global Supply Chain Forum (GSCF), identificando y aplicando los 8 procesos estratégicos según la metodología del Global Supply Chain Forum en la empresa, también se analizaron los procesos según el enfoque de APICS-SCOR, identificando e implementando los 6 procesos según la metodología APICS-SCOR en la empresa. Además, se realizó una identificación detallada de los flujos en la Cadena de Suministro de la empresa, estudiando la información, materiales y dinero que fluyen a lo largo de la cadena, identificando posibles áreas de mejora y optimización. Continuando con el estudio se llevó a cabo un análisis de la posición de Colombia en términos de logística según el informe del Banco Mundial, mediante un cuadro comparativo basado en el Índice de Desempeño Logístico (LPI) del Banco Mundial para evaluar el desempeño logístico de Colombia en general. Además, se elaboró un cuadro sinóptico resaltando los elementos clave del documento "Conpes 3982". El trabajo también abordó el tema del Efecto Látigo (The Bullwhip Effect), analizando las causas de este fenómeno en la empresa, que se refiere a las variaciones excesivas en la demanda que se amplifican a lo largo de la cadena de suministro, lo que puede conducir a ineficiencias y costos adicionales. Igualmente, se aborda el tema de la gestión de inventarios, desarrollando un instrumento para recopilar información sobre la situación actual de la gestión de inventarios en la empresa proponiendo estrategias para mejorar la eficiencia y optimizar los niveles de inventario, de esta misma forma se analizó el Layout real del almacén o centro de distribución de la empresa, con base en los resultados, se propone una mejora en el diseño del almacén para maximizar la eficiencia en las operaciones logísticas, asimismo, se revisaron los procesos de aprovisionamiento de la empresa, desarrollando un instrumento para recopilar información sobre cómo la empresa gestiona estos procesos, aplicando luego un instrumento de evaluación y selección de proveedores para mejorar la cadena de suministro, igualmente se analizaron los procesos logísticos de distribución, estudiando los diferentes modos y medios de transporte utilizados por la empresa en sus procesos de aprovisionamiento y distribución, abordando los temas "TMS" (Transportation Management System) y el DRP (Distribution Requirements Planning) para mejorar la eficiencia en la distribución. Finalmente, se abordó el tema de las Mega Tendencias en Supply Chain Management y Logística, revisando los aspectos fundamentales mediante un mapa conceptual y evaluando los factores críticos de éxito que dificultan la implementación de estas mega tendencias tanto a nivel general en las empresas colombianas como en el caso específico de Sumatec SA. En conjunto, este trabajo proporciona una visión integral detallada y de la gestión de la cadena de suministro de Sumatec SA, identificando áreas de mejora y proponiendo estrategias para optimizar sus operaciones logísticas. No aplic

Assessment of the bacterial community structure in shallow and deep sediments of the Perdido Fold Belt region in the Gulf of Mexico

The Mexican region of the Perdido Fold Belt (PFB), in northwestern Gulf of Mexico (GoM), is a geological province with important oil reservoirs that will be subjected to forthcoming oil exploration and extraction activities. To date, little is known about the native microbial communities of this region, and how these change relative to water depth. In this study we assessed the bacterial community structure of surficial sediments by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene at 11 sites in the PFB, along a water column depth gradient from 20 to 3,700 m, including five shallow (20–600 m) and six deep (2,800–3,700 m) samples. The results indicated that OTUs richness and diversity were higher for shallow sites (OTUs = 2,888.2 ± 567.88; H′ = 9.6 ± 0.85) than for deep sites (OTUs = 1,884.7 ± 464.2; H′ = 7.74 ± 1.02). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination revealed that shallow microbial communities grouped separately from deep samples. Additionally, the shallow sites plotted further from each other on the NMDS whereas samples from the deeper sites (abyssal plains) plotted much more closely to each other. These differences were related to depth, redox potential, sulfur concentration, and grain size (lime and clay), based on the environmental variables fitted with the axis of the NMDS ordination. In addition, differential abundance analysis identified 147 OTUs with significant fold changes among the zones (107 from shallow and 40 from deep sites), which constituted 10 to 40% of the total relative abundances of the microbial communities. The most abundant OTUs with significant fold changes in shallow samples corresponded to Kordiimonadales, Rhodospirillales, Desulfobacterales (Desulfococcus), Syntrophobacterales and Nitrospirales (GOUTA 19, BD2-6, LCP-6), whilst Chromatiales, Oceanospirillales (Amphritea, Alcanivorax), Methylococcales, Flavobacteriales, Alteromonadales (Shewanella, ZD0117) and Rhodobacterales were the better represented taxa in deep samples. Several of the OTUs detected in both deep and shallow sites have been previously related to hydrocarbons consumption. Thus, this metabolism seems to be well represented in the studied sites, and it could abate future hydrocarbon contamination in this ecosystem. The results presented herein, along with biological and physicochemical data, constitute an available reference for further monitoring of the bacterial communities in this economically important region in the GoM

Regeneration dynamics in fragmented landscapes at the leading edge of distribution: Quercus suber woodlands as a study case

[EN] Aims We studied the regeneration dynamics of woodlands and abandoned old fields in a landscape dominated by Quercus suber in its lower limits of rainfall and temperature. Two hypotheses were established: (1) regeneration of Quercus species is strongly favored by the presence of tree cover; and (2) growth of Q. suber is driven by the climatic variables that represent the lower ecological limit of its leading distribution edge. Methods We selected woodlands and old fields with and without tree remnants (n = 3 per type), and analyzed stand structure, soil parameters and tree growth. Results Succession was arrested in old fields without tree remnants. By contrast, remnant trees were accelerators of forest recovery in old fields. Tree cover played a fundamental role in Quercus recruitment throughout seed dispersal and facilitation that mitigate the effects of summer drought on seedlings. Also, tree cover improved soil parameters (e.g., organic matter) that are important factors for understanding differences in regeneration. Winter/spring precipitation exerted a positive effect on tree growth, as well as temperatures during winter/spring and September. Conclusions Regeneration dynamics are modeled by the density of tree cover in the cold and dry edge of the distribution area of Q. suber where Q. ilex is increasing in abundance. Although temperature has a positive effect on the tree growth of Q. suber, when demographic processes are considered, decreases in water availability likely play a critical role in Q. ilex recruitment. This in turn changes dominance hierarchies, especially in abandoned areas with little or no tree cover.This study was funded by project SA013G19 from “Junta de Castilla y León” and by research grants awarded for final projects directed in the Master’s degree in Biology and Conservation of Biodiversity at the University of Salamanca, Spain.Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCL

Identification of CRF66_BF, a New HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form of South American Origin

Circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) are important components of the HIV-1 pandemic. Among 110 reported in the literature, 17 are BF1 intersubtype recombinant, most of which are of South American origin. Among these, all 5 identified in the Southern Cone and neighboring countries, except Brazil, derive from a common recombinant ancestor related to CRF12_BF, which circulates widely in Argentina, as deduced from coincident breakpoints and clustering in phylogenetic trees. In a HIV-1 molecular epidemiological study in Spain, we identified a phylogenetic cluster of 20 samples from 3 separate regions which were of F1 subsubtype, related to the Brazilian strain, in protease-reverse transcriptase (Pr-RT) and of subtype B in integrase. Remarkably, 14 individuals from this cluster (designated BF9) were Paraguayans and only 4 were native Spaniards. HIV-1 transmission was predominantly heterosexual, except for a subcluster of 6 individuals, 5 of which were men who have sex with men. Ten additional database sequences, from Argentina (n = 4), Spain (n = 3), Paraguay (n = 1), Brazil (n = 1), and Italy (n = 1), branched within the BF9 cluster. To determine whether it represents a new CRF, near full-length genome (NFLG) sequences were obtained for 6 viruses from 3 Spanish regions. Bootscan analyses showed a coincident BF1 recombinant structure, with 5 breakpoints, located in p17 gag , integrase, gp120, gp41-rev overlap, and nef, which was identical to that of two BF1 recombinant viruses from Paraguay previously sequenced in NFLGs. Interestingly, none of the breakpoints coincided with those of CRF12_BF. In a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree, all 8 NFLG sequences grouped in a strongly supported clade segregating from previously identified CRFs and from the CRF12_BF "family" clade. These results allow us to identify a new HIV-1 CRF, designated CRF66_BF. Through a Bayesian coalescent analysis, the most recent common ancestor of CRF66_BF was estimated around 1984 in South America, either in Paraguay or Argentina. Among Pr-RT sequences obtained by us from HIV-1-infected Paraguayans living in Spain, 14 (20.9%) of 67 were of CRF66_BF, suggesting that CRF66_BF may be one of the major HIV-1 genetic forms circulating in Paraguay. CRF66_BF is the first reported non-Brazilian South American HIV-1 CRF_BF unrelated to CRF12_BF.This work was funded through Acción Estratégica en Salud Intramural (AESI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, projects PI16CIII/00033 and PI19CIII/00042; Red de Investigación en SIDA (RIS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Plan Nacional I+D+I, project RD16ISCIII/0002/0004; and scientific agreements with Consellería de Sanidade, Government of Galicia (MVI 1004/16) and Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud, Government of Basque Country (MVI 1001/16).S

Galectin-1 prevents pathological vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm

Pathological vascular remodeling is the underlying cause of atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Here, we analyzed the role of galectin-1 (Gal-1), a β-galactoside-binding protein, as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and AAA. Mice lacking Gal-1 (Lgals1 −/− ) developed severe atherosclerosis induced by pAAV/D377Y-mPCSK9 adenovirus and displayed higher lipid levels and lower expression of contractile markers of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in plaques than wild-type mice. Proteomic analysis of Lgals1 −/− aortas showed changes in markers of VSMC phenotypic switch and altered composition of mitochondrial proteins. Mechanistically, Gal-1 silencing resulted in increased foam cell formation and mitochondrial dysfunction in VSMCs, while treatment with recombinant Gal-1 (rGal-1) prevented these effects. Furthermore, rGal-1 treatment attenuated atherosclerosis and elastase-induced AAA, leading to higher contractile VSMCs in aortic tissues. Gal-1 expression decreased in human atheroma and AAA compared to control tissue. Thus, Gal-1-driven circuits emerge as potential therapeutic strategies in atherosclerosis and AAA. Galectin-1 plays an essential role in prevention of atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm

Fasciola hepática: aspectos relevantes en la salud animal

The Fasciola hepatica is a parasite from the class Trematoda of the order Digenea, which maintains a wide distributionworldwide. The grass contaminated with feces is the main source of transmission, with snails acting as an essential partof the biological cycle. The lesions mainly are presents in the liver and the clinical symptomatology is mainly gastrointestinal secondary to hepatic affection. The diagnosis can be parasitological from flotation or sedimentation methods,immunological with tests such as ELISA and necropsy based on anatomopathological findings. Prevention is based onthe control of the intermediate host, leaving in second place the pharmacological treatment of the animals. In the economic area, the incidence of F. hepatica can be a risk for any animal production, the prevention or dissemination of this,significantly improves profitability, in the same way, the consequences of this disease are the economic losses in theseizures of the canals and their high mortality. This review covers some relevant aspects of F. hepatica infection in LatinAmerican countries where the parasite infection by this parasite is very high, requiring immediate health intervention inendemic areas.La Fasciola hepática es un parásito que pertenece a la clase Trematoda del orden Digenea, que mantiene una ampliadistribución mundial. El pasto contaminado con heces es la principal fuente de transmisión, los caracoles intervienencomo parte esencial en el ciclo biológico. Las lesiones principalmente están en el hígado y la sintomatología clínica esgastrointestinal secundaria en la afectación hepática. El diagnóstico puede ser parasitológico a partir de métodos deflotación o sedimentación, inmunológico a partir de pruebas como ELISA y en la necropsia con base a los hallazgosanatomopatológicos. La prevención se basa en el control del hospedador intermediario, dejando en segundo grado eltratamiento farmacológico de los animales. En el ámbito económico la incidencia de F. hepática puede ser un riesgo paracualquier producción pecuaria, la prevención o diseminación de esta, mejora significativamente la rentabilidad, de lamisma manera las consecuencias de esta enfermedad son las pérdidas económicas en los decomisos de las canales y suelevada mortalidad. Esta revisión abarca algunos aspectos relevantes sobre la infección por F. hepática en países latinoamericanos donde la infección ganadera por este parásito es muy elevada, siendo necesario la intervención sanitariainmediata en zonas endémicas